174 
THE CULTIVATOR. 
May, 
species of the pine. The Taxodium is thus descri¬ 
bed:— 
“ In close forests it grows to an enormous size, 
averaging 200 feet in height, with a stem of six to 
eight feet in diameter, which is as straight as an ar¬ 
row, and clear of branches up to sixty or seventy 
feet. One tree, that is termed by the Americans 
“the giant of the forest,” is 270 feet high, with a 
stem measuring fifty-five feet in circumference at six 
feet from the ground. The bark of the redwood is 
from six to twelve inches thick, reddish and smooth ; 
the timber is of a beautiful red color, like pencil 
wood, fine, close grained, light, but brittle j it is 
well adapted for in and out door work, as the boards 
when seasoned, do not warp, nor is it attacked by 
insects. Large quantities of timber are annually 
exported to the Sandwich Islands; 1,000 feet of one 
inch boards, delivered on the beach at Santa Cruz, 
are worth 81.” 
Some of the gigantic pines were noticed in an at¬ 
tempted ascent of the snowcapped mountains in the 
early part of summer:—“Ascending the gradual ac- 
olivity, we left the region of the Pinus Sabiana, 
and entered that of Pinus Benthamiana, which 
seems to be the characteristic of the upper region. 
Some trees of this noble pine attain an enormous 
size. The largest I measured were 28 feet in cir¬ 
cumference [9 ft. diam.] and 228 feet high. Of 
equal dimensions is P. Lambertiana, which howev¬ 
er does not constitute masses by itself, but is thinly 
scattered among the former. The same is the case 
with a Thuja [arbor vitae] which rises to the height 
of 130 feet, by 12 or 15 in circumference.” 
The rapidity of vegetation under that cloudless sky, 
may be judged by the fact that during an absence of 
ten days from Monterey, bulbous flowers had dropped 
their blossoms, and fully ripened their seed. This ra¬ 
pidity is not much less, even in spring. “By the end 
of April, the prairies in the Sacramento Valley assu¬ 
med a different aspect; 2 weeks ago, they w-ere a car¬ 
pet of flowers, which have now disappeared, and a 
yellow, sickly tinge pervades the whole.” “Most 
kinds had, during the fortnight since I first saw them 
in flower, ripened their seeds, and it was with diffi¬ 
culty I found a few grains of the beautiful little Lep- 
tosiphon aureus , and similar plants, which, between 
their taller neighbors, had almost become invisible.” 
Shipment of Fruit from Wayne County. 
We make the following extraet from Mr. Par¬ 
dee’s Address before the Wayne County (N. Y.) 
Ag. Society: 
We also learn what was to me an astonishing 
fact, that the offices in Wayne county, during the 
year 1848, cleared more dried fruit, by more than 
30 per cent., than the entire state west of us, to 
and including Buffalo ; and also, more by 15 pr cent, 
than the entire state east of us. The offices west 
cleared 538,000 lbs.—those east, 610,000 lbs.—while 
Lyons and Palmyra cleared 708,000 lbs., or more 
than 30,000 bushels. 
This is indeed a noble tribute to the industry of 
the daughters of Wayne county ; (for the women and 
children do the most of this work;) for who can cal¬ 
culate the enormous amount of labor, in drying 150,- 
000 bushels of apples, peaches and plums—this being 
the requisite amount to make the 30,000 bushels 
when dried. 
For several years past, the Palmyra office has 
cleared about 60,000 barrels of fine grafted apples 
per annum, or 150,000 bushels more of fruit; and 
if Lyons, Newark and Clyde together, send off as 
much more, (as they doubtless do from 50 to 100 per 
cent, more,) we then have the aggregate of 400,- 
000 to 500,000 bushels of fruit, in a green and dried 
state, exported annually. 
Rose Cuttings. —One of the best methods of se¬ 
curing the success of these, is to stick the cutting 
about an inch deep into clean river sand—with pro¬ 
perly prepared soil about an inch below to receive 
the roots as soon as they strike. The clean sand 
prevents the roots from rotting. A correspondent 
of the Horticulturist succeeded with this when 
every other mode failed—and says he does not lose 
one in twenty. 
joints to Homtg Mm . 
A Letter ot Advice, 
FROM AN OLD FARMER OF HERKIMER COUNTY, TO A 
YOUNG MAN NOW IN VIRGINIA. 
As you lived with me, from a small boy to the time 
you was twenty-one, I claim the right to advise 
you. 
You should bear in mind that you are young, with¬ 
out property, and without wealthy or influential re¬ 
latives or friends to assist you ; and that your future 
prospects in life, both as to character and wealth, 
must depend entirely on your own exertions. Do 
not be discouraged on this account; there is the more 
need of courage, perseverance and economy. There 
are many wealthy and influential farmers, particu¬ 
larly in western New-York and Ohio, who commen¬ 
ced with no more means than you have. They sa¬ 
ved a few hundred dollars, went in while the coun¬ 
try was new and land cheap, and grew into their 
present situation by their own industry and the im¬ 
provement of the country. You can do the same. 
The new states and territories offer an equal chance, 
and perhaps better, owing to the increased facility 
of travel, and the transportation of produce to mar¬ 
ket. One could hardly find a place now to locate, 
where he would not, in all probability, be reached 
in a few years, b}^ boats or cars propelled by steam. 
This was not formerly the case. 
Whether you are to be in a situation to support a 
family comfortably, and to bring up and educate your 
children well, or to have a scanty and precarious 
support from day’s work, is an important mat¬ 
ter to you, and now is the time to think of it, and 
make the necessary preparations; much depends on 
the course you take for the first three or four years. 
If you are industrious and prudent, and lay up mo¬ 
ney during this time, your chance will be good— 
while if you are slack and spend what you earn, 
your prospects will be bad; your habits of thinking 
and acting during this time, will become so fixed 
that it will be hard to alter them. I speak of your 
family, because it is more than probable you will 
have one. “ Multiply and replenish ,” is a com¬ 
mand of holy writ. 
Your first object should be to establish for your¬ 
self a good moral character; without which you 
cannot expect to succeed well, and with it you can 
hardly fail of success. To effect this you should deal 
honorably and uprightly, keeping your word good 
on all occasions; be careful about making contracts 
and promises, but when made, fulfil them to the ve¬ 
ry letter. 
Be thorough and persevering, in whatever bu¬ 
siness you undertake, and engage in none but what 
is fair and honorable. 
Be careful and never do a dishonorable or a mean 
thing. Avoid law-suits; they are expensive, and 
