1350. 
THE CULTIVATOR. 
391 
ashes, in equal parts. The latter came from an 
old ashery, where they had lain neglected for years* 
This accomplished, the next step was to drain the 
whole tract 5 it lay on a hill side, and was generally 
considered dry. There was however in reality, a 
number of springs which made the ground wet and 
springy in the early part of the season, and in winter, 
so that the roots of the young trees were liable to be 
thrown out and lifted. His draining has been done 
with tiles of the horse shoe and pipe varieties, 
mostly of the latter, laid at a depth ot three feet. 
They are made at Waterloo, Seneca county, by the 
machine imported two or three years since by Mr. 
Delafield. The 30 or 40 acres which have been 
added to the original 15, are now under process of 
drainage. They had heretofore been thought dry, 
but the drains laid have already run full of water 
several times, and an improvement in the land is 
already beginning to show itself most decidedly. 
Mr. Yoema'ns has laid 14,000 tiles this season, and 
is still going on. 
The principal object in the cultivation of this 
farm is fruit, and carried on in the way that I 
witnessed, on such a soil, and under the influence 
of such a climate, it can scarcely fail of success. 
While Mr. Yoemans has thus commenced a liberal 
and enlightened system of management, he has not 
neglected matters of general utility, and the neigh¬ 
borhood bears ample testimony to his public spirit. 
Among other things, he has offered a premium of 
about 50 cts. for each shade tree that may be planted 
along the road side within the village limits, and 
shown to be healthy and thriving at the expiration 
of three years. In consequence of this offer, some 
900 trees have already been set out, and will be 
well cared for during the next two or three years 
of course; they will then have obtained such a start, 
as to grow without farther care. It will be an in¬ 
estimable benefit to the village of Walworth, and 
one which its inhabitants some thirty or forty years 
hence, will fully appreciate. Mr. Yoemans will I 
trust, excuse me for having spoken so much at length 
of his proceedings, but I think that such examples 
as his, are just those that practical farmers ought 
to become acquainted with. 
The fields in this part of the county look older, 
and more carefully cared for, than the generality of 
those in the Eastern section. The country has been 
long settled in comparison with the east end, and 
consequently has a less rugged and newly settled 
appearance. Many of the fields however, seem to 
be much worn out by a defective system of cropping, 
and nearly all show need of the various remedies 
which Mr. Yoemans has so abundantly applied to 
his land. The cultivation here is as I have said con¬ 
siderably neater, and the roads cleaner, than in the 
other end of the county; the houses are also generally 
larger, and more substantial. These are however 
simply the advantages of an older country, and in 
my opinion they will have to work hard in order to 
maintain their superiority, as their rivals are push¬ 
ing on rapidly in this friendly strife. Yours truly, 
John P. Norton. 
Kirtland’s New Cherries. —Dr. Kirtland states 
that out of the new cherries which he has originated, 
there are some thirty or forty which will range as 
high as the American Heart. None are as early as 
the purple Guigne. The Doctor, one of the earli¬ 
est, he states, comes in with the early White Heart. 
We have found it a trifle earlier. 
Protection to Wool-Growers. 
Editors Cultivator —My article in the Septem¬ 
ber number of the Cultivator on the subject of 
Foreign and Domestic wool, was written amid the 
pressure of other business, in great haste, from a 
mass of facts on the subject, which in private cor¬ 
respondence and official documents had been accu¬ 
mulating on my hands, during the many years I have 
been connected with the wool question ; and here, 
permit me to say, a question, whether we regard the 
immense amount of the investment or the numbers 
interested, unsurpassed in importance by any single 
subject that can be presented to the consideration 
of Congress in the adjustment of a tariff. Whethei 
such an event is to happen immediately or at a distant 
day, it is a bad policy, to wait till the horse is stolen 
before you lock your barn, as was the case in 1842. 
In that article, (which an able writer in your 
November number over the assumed name of Titrius 
a wool grower, has been pleased to notice with great 
courtesy,) I endeavored to embody a mass of facts 
which I deemed vitally essential to a fair adjustment 
of a practical and useful tariff on wool. How ne¬ 
cessary a knowledge of the most simple facts is, to 
the majority of politicians and professional men. 
who compose Congress, is aptly illustrated by the 
fact, that Congress in’42 regarded flax-seed and lin¬ 
seed as two distinct articles, and accordingly in the 
tariff, made them subject to widely different rates 
of duty, which ridiculous ignorance, any unlettered 
farmer could have enlightened. 
Titrius, notwithstanding his great interest in thr 
wool question and confessed obligation to me, seize' 
upon a purely incidental remark on the subject of 
Scotish Black faced wool, (which is a mere ineiden! 
with the grower, the mutton being the main object) 
and ascribes to me the advocacy of a sentiment eon 
Aiding with the whole tenor of my article which 1 
never have and do not advocate, to wit, that of dis¬ 
criminating duties on wool according to the different 
fab ricks, into which it may be manufactured. This 
would be impracticable, if not impossible, as the 
wool of the same fleece, is often made into fabrieks 
of very different value with wool of an entirely differ¬ 
ent character. Had Titrius written over his own 
name or addressed me a private letter, as many wool 
growers have done, I have no doubt with his kind 
feelings, the fervor of his gratitude and deep personal 
interest in the subject, we might have arrived at a 
mutual good understanding, without his giving battle 
to a man of straw, or my .appearing again in print. 
As I have nothing to do with the duties on fabrieks 
into which wool may be manufactured further than 
their manufacture creates a demand for wool, I will 
now simply say, that Titrius is mistaken five per 
cent in the duty on the fabrick to which he alludes, 
and notice more particularly his last paragraph, in 
relation to the struggle in the passage of the tariff 
1842, on the wool clause. With this struggle I was 
not an entire stranger or a careless and uninterest¬ 
ed observer. The samples of wool used in both 
houses of Congress and before the committees, to 
illustrate the subject were furnished by me, in rela¬ 
tion to which Ex-Gov. Slade, then in Congress, in 
his letter to me says, u they ivere used to good ad - 
vantage ” before the committee of ways and means, 
who were induced to report an amendment to their 
bill before the committee of the whole in the house, 
of five per cent duty on coarse wool costing less than 
seven cents per lb. &c.” Also the facts quoted in 
behalf of the wool grower in both houses were 
credited to the paper I then had the pleasure to edit. 
This paragraph appears to me to originate in a 
