393 
1830. THE CULTIVATOR. 
$2 broad-cloth to the same amount of duty per 
yard. 
Now, I would ask Titrius, as a wool-grower, what 
rate of duty he would put oh the rival wools of Bu¬ 
enos Ayres, Montevideo, Cordova, &c., rivaling ev¬ 
ery grade of wool grown in the United States, and 
coming to the cards from 12 to 20 cents -per pound 
cheaper than our domestic wool, and costing about 
six cents per pound? Why., he would answer me 
as did a distinguished wool-grower and member of 
the present Congress—why, sir, 100 per cent, would 
not be equal in its effects, to the duty on woollens. 
Now apply this rate of duty, or any just rate of du¬ 
ty on fine or rival wools, to the coarse hairy wools, 
and you exclude their importation at once, and de¬ 
stroy a demand for our long worsted wools manu¬ 
factured with them in about equal proportions. You 
defeat all revenue from this class of wools, and dis¬ 
courage the introduction of the large feng- woo led 
mutton sheep, very desirable in our more populous 
States, where mutton as well as wool is an object 
with the farmer. Now, on the other hand, if you 
adopt a low, indiscriminate ad valorem duty, so low 
as to raise revenue from the importation of these 
coarse hairy wools, you will flood the country with 
all kinds of wools and rain the majority of the sheep 
farmers in the United States. This would not be 
true, did the price of wools abroad generally import¬ 
ed, correspond to their quality, value and fineness, 
as imported articles generally do. 
Hence, in my humble judgment, we are reduced 
to the necessity of either a general ad valorem duty 
on all wools, on their home valuation, or two rates 
of ad valorem duties corresponding to the qualities 
of the wool and the degree to which they compete 
with and rival our domestic wools in our own mar¬ 
ket, or else wool-growing in the United States will 
continue to be, what wool-growers know it has been, 
a bad business. I am, with great consideration 
and respect, your obedient servant, H. C. Meriam. 
North Tewksbury, Nov. 7th, 1850. 
«hc ffjorticultural Skpartmcnt 
CONDUCTED BY J. J. THOMAS, 
Successful Treatment of Young Trees. 
We gave, last spring, some account of the suc¬ 
cessful management of newly transplanted fruit trees, 
furnished by Jonathan Talcott, of Rome, N. Y. 
Not one tree in a hundred was lost, and the growth 
of many of the shoots on the apple trees the first 
season, was 15 inches to 2 feet. This success was 
mainly owing to large holes filled with fertile soil; 
careful transplanting 5 shortening the shoots at the 
time on the tops of the trees; and clean, enriching, 
and mellow cultivation, and mulching. He has 
recently furnished the following additional remarks 
on the treatment of his young orchards: — 
“ Last spring the ground was plowed and planted 
to hoed crops, the manure about the trees was 
spaded in, and they have been hoed twiee. The 
results have been most promising for a beginner, 
and encouraging to those in this vicinity who are 
setting out fruit trees, I find they have grown from 
one to more than three feet the present season, 
forming fine heads. When I came to the conclusion 
to set out an orchard, I made up my mind that I 
would take care of ray trees, and have endeavored 
to do so to the best of my knowledge. Thus far 
the result of the experiment has been satisfactory. 
“ I have just been scrubbing the trunks with soft 
soap diluted with water, tying them up for winter, 
removing the eggs of insects, &c. 
u About 100 trees set last spring have made an 
average growth of about 15 inches each. A pan 
were mulched with oat straw, a part with coarse 
straw manure, and another portion were mulched at 
all. The result was most conclusive in favor of the 
mulching. ” 
The Best Strawberries. 
The experiments which have been made in all 
parts of the country are greatly assisting in the 
determination of the best sorts for general cultiva¬ 
tion. The results of different cultivators under the 
various external circumstances of soil, locality, &c. 
must always be interesting. 
Lewis F. Allen, of Black Rock, N. Y. remarks 
in the Horticulturist, “ In the plantations of an acre 
or two which I am about making [founded on pre¬ 
vious trial] my chief stock will be the Large Early 
Scarlet, Burr’s New Pine ? id -R%\, . ’ Hudson, with 
a few Hovey’s Seedlings.” T he Large Early Scarlet, 
he says, is * ‘ the best berry for a crop, probably, 
taken altogether, that we have.” Twelve square 
rods, with ordinary care and some drawbacks, gave 
260 quarts. Hovey’s Seedling, 1 1 coarse in flavor, 
*'a tolerable bearer,’ not fit for a crop.” Boston Pine, 
a good fruit, but stem too short. Burr’s New Pine, 
‘•'splendid, early, prolific, highest flavor.” Rival 
Hudson, u the most prolific—the most beautiful 
growing berry, on a high stem—fine rich flavor.” 
Black Prince, u color bad—flavor insipid, or sour.” 
H. E. Hooker, an extensive and skilful cultivator 
at Rochester, says, “ The best to my palate, are 
Burr’s New Pine, Large Early Scarlet and Hudson ; 
and for a late berry, Crimson Cone ; but tastes dif¬ 
fer.” Boston Pine is pronounced very productive, 
but inferior in flavor.* Black Prince, the same. 
Hovey’s Seedling, large, beautiful, of second quality. 
Burr’s New Pine, large, beautiful, fine, productive. 
Large Early Scarlet, very productive, one of the 
best, good for marketing. Hudson, good flavor, 
firm, excellent for market. Crimson Cone, beauti¬ 
ful, fine flavored, late, very vigorous.” 
At an examination of 37 sorts made at the grounds 
of L. C. Eaton, of Providence, R. I. by a number 
of gentlemen, the following were selected as the 
best, viz: Hovey’s Seedling, General Jaqueminot, 
Jenny’s Seedling, Burr’s New Pine, Rival Hudson, 
and Hudson Bay. The New York Hudson Bay, 
the Cincinnati Hudson, and the Hudson Bay of 
Rhode Island, were pronounced distinct, the latter 
being decidedly the best. The General Jaqueminot 
was regarded as unrivalled,'—large, firm, hardy, 
vigorous, productive—fruit stalk high and strong. 
Dr. Kirtland, of Cleveland, Ohio, states that 
Hovey’s Seedling, Willey, Burr’s old Seedling, and 
a variety of Hautbois, can be so managed as to 
give an abundant succession of fruit for five or six 
weeks. He remarks, “ Experience has satisfied us 
that four-fifths of the varieties which have been in¬ 
troduced to public notice, are in nowise superior 
to a few old favorites, and many are entirely worth¬ 
less in this vicinity.” 
G. W. Huntsman, well known as a successful 
strawberry eulturist of Flushing, L. I., places 
Burr’s New Pine at the head of the list, as being 
11 decidedly the most desirable strawberry in cultiva¬ 
tion.” He ranks Hovey’s Seedling next; then 
* How tastes differ—a person, accustomed to eating the best 
strawberries, preferred, this year, the Boston Pine for its excelling 
flavor, even alongside Burr’s New Pine and Swainstone. 
