ThEE CULTIVATOR. 
75 
TEN HILLS FARM. 
This farm, the residence of Col. Samuel Jaques, is 
in Charlestown, aboutthree miles from Boston. The lo¬ 
cation is one of the finest in the country. The Mystic 
river, which is here navigable for vessels of the largest 
class, forms the northern boundary, and the Middlesex 
canal and Medford turnpike pass through its center. 
From a kind of promontory which embraces the northern 
part of the farm, and around which the Mystic makes a 
graceful curve, there rises, with gentle acclivity, a hill 
from whose top is presented a landscape view of most 
exquisite beauty and interest. Here, at once before the 
eye, is Charlestown, with Bunker Hill and its towering 
monument—a little beyond, is the city of Boston, with 
its harbor and shipping, and the bay, with its numerous 
green islands—scattered around, are the many handsome 
towns and villages which constitute the suburbs of the 
New-England metropolis; the highly cultivated country, 
with all its varied features of hill and dale, forest and 
field, filling up the picture to the horizon on every side. 
But no description can do full justice to the diversified 
beauty of the scene. 
Contiguous to this farm is Mount Benedict, on which 
stood the Ursuline convent which was burnt by a mob on 
the 11th August, 1834. The blackened and crumbling 
walls, with a scattered remnant of trees and shrubbery, 
are all that now remain of the objects which once adorn¬ 
ed this memorable spot. 
Many interesting reminiscences are associated with 
Ten Hills. The first vessel constructed in Massachu¬ 
setts, called “ The Blessing of the Bay,” was built here in 
1631, and a part of the wharf at which she was moored, 
is still to be seen ' The first house here, was built by an 
English gentleman, in 16—, and a door, which is believed 
to have belonged to this house, now constitutes one of the 
hall-doors of die present mansion! The latter was built 
by the late Gen. E. Haskett Derby, who resided here 
for several years. 
Col. Jaquesjhas long been extensively known as a 
skillful breeder of various kinds of stock. Some of the 
first premiums of the Mass. State Ag. Society on Merino 
sheep, were awarded to him. He was also one of the 
first introducers of the Leiceslers and South Downs—ha¬ 
ving received a premium of fifty dollars for the best Lei¬ 
cester buck in 1822; and from the year 1816 to 1834, he 
received from the Mass. Ag. Society in premiums on Me¬ 
rino, Leicester, and South Down sheep, the handsome sum! 
of three hundred and twenty-five dollars. He was also the) 
owner of some of the first of the improved Short-horn cat¬ 
tle that were brought to this country. Among these were 
the bull Ccelebs and cow Flora, imported in 1819. They 
were derived fiom the celebrated herd of Mr. Mason, of 
Chilton, Durham. From this pair, Col. J. bred several 
animals which were much admired—some of them re¬ 
ceived the highest prizes of the Mass. State Ag. Society,* 
and sold at prices from $300 to $500 each, which at that 
early day were considered very high. 
In 1823, Col. Jaques sold his bull Eclipse, then two 
yeais old, to the Agricultural Society of Montreal, for 
$500. The Montreal papers, in noticing his arrival there, 
declare him to have been superior in points and appear¬ 
ance, to any thing which could have been anticipated. 
[See extract from the Canadian Courant, in the New- 
England Farmer, vol. 1, p. 350.] 
According to the documents which accompanied the 
importation of Ccelebs and Flora, (copies of which have 
been placed in our hands,) the former was the grandson 
on both sides, of Mr. Colling's bull Comet, which was 
sold for a thousand guineas. Flora’s dam and sire were 
ajso both by Comet. Her dam was said to have given 
33 quarts of milk per day. Ccelebs was a very popu¬ 
lar bull, and for several years earned his owner the round 
sums of from $500 to $600 per year; and during the 
time Col. J. owned him, no less than three thousand two 
hundred and thirty dollars were received for his services. 
Many of his progeny were remarkable as milkers. In a 
letter received from Col. Jaques, dated Jan. 16th, last, 
’ No less than six hundred and forty-one dollars, were awarded in 
premiums, by the Massachusetts State Agricultural. Society, to Ccelebs, 
Flora, and their descendants, from 1819 to 1835- Flora had fourteen 
calves—the first in 1819, and the last in 1833 
he says,—“The different strains of Coeleb’s blood are 
now daily talked of, and are eagerly sought after, in all 
parts of the country where his blood has been spread— 
particularly by our milk-men; and I am frequently called 
upon to go and see a fine cow whose blood can be traced 
back through several generations, to Ccelebs; and not 
unfrequently do I find a fine animal of the fifth or sixth 
generation, showing points almost equal to a full blood. 
Mr. Leonard Stone, of Watertown, one of our best and 
wealthiest farmers, says he had two cows by Joshua 
Coolidge’s premium bull, [a son of Ccelebs, which took 
a premium at Brighton in 1822,] that proved the best 
milkers he ever had, and he added that he would now be 
very glad to obtain a number of such cows, at' $100 each.” 
There can be no doubt that Ccelebs eaused a great im¬ 
provement in the stock of Massachusetts and other sec¬ 
tions where his progeny were introduced.* The variety 
to which Col. Jaques has given the name of “ Cream 
pot breed,” originated from a cross of Ccelebs with 
two remarkable cows seeded from what is called the 
native stock of the country. 
The Cream-pot cows are distinguished for the quantity 
and particularly for the richness of their milk. Particu¬ 
lar trials have been made with some individuals of this 
stock, and they have given at the rate of from seventeen 
to twenty-one pounds of butter per week. Col. J. has a 
few cows of this breed now on his farm. He would have 
had more, but the templing offers of a hundred dollars a 
piece for his heifer calves, have induced him to part with 
most of them at an early age. We were shown the milk 
and cream from the cow Gem, and one or two others. 
The cream is of a very rich yellow color, and of uncom¬ 
mon thickness and tenacity. That which had risen on 
pans of milk that had only stood eight hours, was so firm 
that after being separated from the edge of the pan, it 
would almost hold together to be lifted by a fork. 
The shape and points of these cows are remarkably 
good. Gem, which may be considered a fair specimen 
of the best of the family, is a very large bodied short¬ 
legged cow, with long, wide and deep hind quarters, a 
rich yellow and mellow skin, large milk veins and ud¬ 
der. * Her color is dark red, which is a family character¬ 
istic. Her head and neck have not quite that fineness of 
some of the pure Durhams or Ayrshires, but her body, 
especially the hind quarter, is very near right, and her 
handling is first rate. 
Judging from what we have seen, we should say, to 
sum up the qualities of the Cream-pots, that for the New 
(England climate, lands of middling quality, and thecom- 
jbined purposes of the dairy, the shambles, and the yoke, 
they are not probably surpassed by any other stock. 
In feeding his stock, Col. Jaques practices close econ¬ 
omy. He has sometimes kept a herd of cows for the 
purpose of supplying milk for the market. The follow¬ 
ing is a system, of feeding which he has followed with 
success. For 30 cows, cut with a machine 30 bushels for 
one feed; one-third common or English hay, one-third 
salt hay, and one-third rye or barley straw; add30 quarts 
of wheat-bran or shorts, and 10 quarts of oat and com 
meal moistened with water. One bushel of this mixture 
is given to each cow in the morning, and the same quan¬ 
tity at noon and in the evening. In addition to this, a 
peck of mangel wurtzel is given to each cow per day. 
This mode of feeding has been found to produce nearly 
as much milk as the best grass feed in summer. When 
no wheat bran or any kind of meal is given, the hay is 
fed without cutting. 
Col. Jaques has favored us with some very valuable 
papers in reference to the introduction and improvement 
of stock in New-England, and other matters, from which 
we design to form a separate article. 
* The late Hon. John Lowell, in his Report on Hulls and Fat cattle 
at the Mass. State Show at Brighton in 1824, observes—“ On the 
whole it must be obvious that Ccelebs has done much for the amelio¬ 
ration of our stock. His progeny are certainly fine.” [See Mass. Ag. 
Repository and Journal, vol. 8, p- 221.] The same gentleman, m an 
article on the improvement of the breed of cattle by the importation of 
foreign stock, (Mass. Ag. Repository and Journal, vol. 8, p. 311,) 
makes the following remarks—* l While Col. Jaques, the most suc¬ 
cessful, and the most intelligent of our breeders, who, under great dis¬ 
advantages of location, seems to rival the celebrated Bakewell, in hia 
skill and attention, can sell his pure breed, as he has done this spring, 
at $300 for an eight months old bull-calf, there can be no doubt that tn« 
experiment will be fairly tried.” 
