THE CULTIVATOR. 
157 
NEW-YORK STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
At a meeting of the Executive Committee of the N. Y. 
S. Agricultural Society, held at their room on the 17th 
April, the President in the chair, there were present, 
Messrs. Prentice, M’Intyre, Enos, Yail, L. Tucker, 
Nott, Cheever, Emmons, Howard, and Sotham. 
The President presenteda letter from Col. A. G. Sum¬ 
mer, Esq. of Columbia, S. C., expressing his warm inte¬ 
rest in the objects of the Society, and informing the Pres¬ 
ident that he had been directed by the State Ag. Society 
of South Carolina, to forward to our Society, the Reports 
of the Geological Survey of that -State, together with 
several documents emanating from that Society. 
A letter from L. F. Allen, Esq. having been read, in 
relation to the Premiums on Horses, it was resolved that 
the following additional prizes be offered: 
Best “ blood” stallion, 4 years old,. $20. 
Second best, do. do. . 10. 
Best “ Draught” stallion, do. . 20. 
Second best, do. do. . 10. 
Additions were also made to the prizes for Fat Cattle, 
by adding a class for fat cows and heifers, separate from 
oxen or steers—First, $10—Second, $5—Third, vol. Tran¬ 
sactions. 
L. A. Morrell, Esq. of Tompkins county, was pres¬ 
ent, and presented the copy of his “ American Shep¬ 
herd,” in manuscript, most of which was examined by 
the Committee, and a resolution was unanimously adopt¬ 
ed, highly approving of the work, which is soon to be 
published. 
The following letter, with the accompanying package 
of seeds, was presented by the President: 
c( New-York, April 17, 1845. 
“ Sir —The accompanying parcel of seeds was handed toi 
me, in Washington city by Gov. Marcy, with a request 
that I would transmit it to the State Agricultural Society 
of New-York. 
“ It contains a portion of a package of seeds received 
at the War Department, for distribution, from the Com¬ 
missioner of the Patent Office. 
“ May I ask that the proper officer of your society will 
acknowledge the receipt of the parcel to the Secretary 
of War at Washington. 
“ Very respectfully, I have the honor to be your ob’t 
servant. Prosper M. Wetmore.” 
The thanks of the Society were voted to Hon. Wm. L. 
Marcy, Secretary of War, for the package of seeds, 
which were distributed among the members. 
A letter having been received from Francis Rotch, 
Esq. now in London, together with dies ordered by 
the Society for Medals, executed by Mr. Taylor, a dis¬ 
tinguished artist of Birmingham, after subjects and de¬ 
signs by Mr. Rotch, the following resolutions were unan¬ 
imously adopted: 
Resolved, That the thanks of the Society be tendered 
to Mr. Rotch for his attention to the request of the Soci¬ 
ety ; and the Executive Committee take great pleasure in 
expressing their unqualified approval of the designs pre¬ 
pared by him for the medals, which, in their estimation, 
are peculiarly appropriate. 
Resolved, That Mr. Rotch be desired to present to 
Mr- Taylor, the thanks of the Society for the superior 
manner in which the dies have been executed, and which 
reflect the highest credit upon him as a Medallist. 
A circular addressed by the Cor. Secretary to the 
County Cor. Committees, was read and approved, and or¬ 
dered printed. 
County Ag. Societies.— We are glad to see that quite 
a number of the County Societies of this State, have al¬ 
ready issued their Prize Lists for the coming autumn 
shows. We'have received the Prize Lists from Queens, 
to be awarded in October— Rensselaer, show to be at 
Troy, Sept. 24, 25— Orange, to be held at Goshen, Oct. 
8, 9: all the premiums to be paid in silver spoons— Liv¬ 
ingston, to be held at Geneseo, Oct. 2— Ontario , to be 
held at Canandaigua, Oct. 14, 15; among the premiums 
are 20 copies of “ The Cultivator”— Clinton, to be held 
at Plattsburgh, Sept. 16, 17. 
AGRICULTURE OF SOUTH CAROLINA. 
Mr. Roper’s Address. —The author will please re¬ 
ceive our thanks for a copy of the address, delivered be¬ 
fore the State Agricultural Society of South Carolina, 
Nov. 28, 1844. It is a well written document; and con¬ 
tains much valuable statistical information. The writer 
endeavors, in a very earnest and striking manner, to in¬ 
duce the people of his Slate to adopt some course of op¬ 
erations by which they may relieve themselves from their 
present burdens. He shows that they (as a State,) now 
spend more than they make, “ and consequently the 
State languishes under an incubus, which will require a 
strong moral force, independent of activity and industry, 
to remove.” He says—“ we allow the negroes to be¬ 
come an expense of more than two and a half millions 
of dollars for clothing, corn, bacon and tobacco, and their 
plantation implements.” Mr. Roper shows the necessity 
of diversifying the objects of industry. The production 
of cotton in South Carolina, cannot be depended on as a 
source of profit. In relation to this article, he says, 
“ though it was once our wealth and pride, it cad conti¬ 
nue so no longer; a fairer bloom opens on other lands, 
and every day imparts a more ominous warning that the 
sceptre has departed.” He regards it as “ pernicious 
that so pervading a propensity exists to investments in 
lands and negroes, to grow rice and cotton.” 
The remedy for this state of things, the adoption of 
which Mr. Roper urges, is the introduction of a more 
varied system of agriculture, by which the sums now sent 
out of the Stale for beef, pork, bread-stuffs, butter, cheese, 
&c., shall be saved at home; and also tne introduction 
of manufactures, several successful examples of which, 
existing in that Stale, he brings forward. Of the influ¬ 
ence which manufacturing establishments have exerci¬ 
sed, so far as they have been tried in South Carolina, he 
thus speaks: “ The effect of this diversity of labor, has 
been to extend competence among the neighboring peo¬ 
ple, to improve their morals, intelligence and education, 
and establish a more respectable order of society .” 
BONES AND FISH FOR MANURE. 
We have recived from Mr. Wm. Makinster, an Ad¬ 
dress delivered before the Middlesex (Ct.) Ag. Soc., by 
E. A. Elliott, Esq. In this address,Mr. E. speaks of the 
effects of bones and offish as manure. He states that bone- 
dust has been applied in his neighborhood with good re¬ 
sults, to corn, rye, ruta baga, and other crops. An ap¬ 
plication of twenty bushels per acre to a portion of a rye- 
field, produced a difference of nearly one-half in the yield, 
the field being alike in other respects. 
In the neighborhood of Mr. E.’s residence, large quan¬ 
tities of “ white fish” are taken, and frequently used as 
manure. This application of fish was commenced, he 
says, in that neighborhood, about the year 1790. The 
effects were great—“barren plains, which had been long 
unproductive, were converted into the most fruitful fields. 
Their beneficial effects were manifest upon all soils, and 
for a number of years; while they were taken in large 
quantities, they were relied upon for the rye, corn, and 
particularly the potatoe and turnep crops, to the exclu¬ 
sion of almost all other kinds of manure. It was found, 
however, that their effect upon a second application, was 
not as great as upon the first, and still less upon a third, 
and this led many to doubt their utility as a constant 
dressing for all kinds ol crops, and especially upon sandy 
soils, without an intervening application of barn yard ma¬ 
nure, as they are found to exhaust the vegetable matter 
of the soil, and leave it in a compact and unproductive 
state. Their effect has continued to be great upon strong 
rocky loam and clay or moist lands; upon such lands they 
produce as large crops as can be found in the fertile re¬ 
gions of our western country. Their effect is visible on 
sandy soils for two or Ihree years, and longer upon loam 
and clay. The usual mode of applying them, is to spread 
them, and after a few days harrow and plow them in 
with a light furrow. Some persons stack them with yard 
manure, or earth and turf, and think their effect sufficient¬ 
ly increased to compensate for the extra labor of stacking 
and carting out.” 
