THE CULTIVATOR. 
289 
CROWELL’S THERMOMETER CHURN—(Fig, 87.) 
These churns are recommended by those who have 
used them several years, as being superior to any other 
kind they have ever tried. “ The churn is constructed,” 
(say the manufacturers,) “so as to bring the milk or 
cream to the exact degree of heat which is required to 
produce the greatest quantity and best quality of butter.” 
A thermometer is placed in one end of the churn, by 
which the operator can ascertain when the milk or 
cream has the proper temperature, which practice shows 
to be 62 degrees. If, when put in the churn, the cream 
is too cold, warm water is turned in, by means of a tunnel 
at the side of the churn—if it is too warm, cold water is 
added till the requisite degree is reached. These churns, 
and also the patent-right for using them, are for sale by 
A. & Wm. A. Crowell, manufacturers of agricultural 
implements, Lyme-Rock, Conn. 
AURORA HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
M e had the gratification of attending the fourth month- 
ly exhibition of this society, held at the village of Au¬ 
rora on the fifteenth of last month. It is a decisive 
proof of the energy and interest which prevails, that 
each succeeding exhibition, though occurring as often 
as each month, has increased in brilliancy and attrac¬ 
tion. 
On the present occasion, the display of fruit was ne¬ 
cessarily small, owing to the great and general destruc¬ 
tion caused by the severe frosts of early summer. Seve¬ 
ral fine and choice collections were however presented, 
and among others about twenty different varieties in fine 
eating condition from one cultivator. We noticed three 
varieties of ripe peaches, though the crop suffered a near¬ 
ly total destruction this year. 
But the collection of flowers more particularly excited 
M arm and general admiration. Not only were the speci¬ 
mens numerous and splendid, but the tasteful arrange¬ 
ment for display we have scarcely if ever seen equalled. 
They occupied a platform which extends across one end 
of the large public hall used for the occasion. On the 
right and left was a fine collection of green house plants, 
some of them in splendid bloom: and in the centre, on 
light shelves, rising successively to near the ceiling, and 
extending a length of 30 feet, were a most brilliant pro¬ 
fusion of cut flowers, arranged with great skill, the bril¬ 
liancy of which was much increased by transmitted light 
from behind, blending with the copious reflected light in 
front. Among the contributors were a large number 
from the immediate neighborhood, together with splen¬ 
did collections from Auburn, Ithaca, Rochester, and 
other places. 
Several hundred persons were assembled to witness 
the exhibition, and during the afternoon were addressed 
with much effect by H. R. Schoolcraft, C. Mattoon, and 
Wm. H. Bogart. The awarding committees reported, 
and the flowers and fruit were then sold by auction on 
the spot, which enabled the spectators to avail them¬ 
selves of a much better view of each specimen individu¬ 
ally, and to possess them if thev chose. As an indication 
of the merit of the collection, and the skill of the con¬ 
tributors, as well as the taste of the purchasers, it may be 
mentioned that at a similar sale a month before the avails 
from the cut-flowers alone amounted to about fifteen dol¬ 
lars, and on the present occasion to more than twenty- 
one dollars, several single bouquets selling freely from 
three to four dollars. David Thomas is President, and 
Alexander Thompson, Secretary, and to their indefatiga¬ 
ble exertions, especially of the latter, with those of the 
entire committee, the remarkable success of an inland 
neighborhood institution such as this, is to be mainly as¬ 
cribed. 
FARM OF JAMES GOWEN. 
In the Farmer's Cabinet for June, is a copy of the re¬ 
port given by Mr. Gowen of his farm, to the Philadel¬ 
phia Society for Promoting Agriculture. We should be 
pleased to copy the whole of the report, but want of 
room allows us to make only the following summary and 
extracts. 
The farm is located near Philadelphia, and now con¬ 
tains about 100 acres, exclusive of woodland. Mr. G„ 
took possession of it in 1834, at which time it is repre¬ 
sented to have been in a very w orn down and poor con¬ 
dition, from the neglect and bad management of previous 
owners. Mr. Gowen took away the old fences, made 
a new division’of the farm, and fenced with stone-walls 
and hedges of the Osage orange, drained, and filled up 
ravines and gullies. 
The land is now brought into a high state of cultiva¬ 
tion, producing 100 bushels of corn, 400 bushels potatoes, 
50 bushels wheat, &c., to the acre. He at first bought 
manure from the city, but after three or four years’ ex¬ 
perience, he gave up the plan, and has since made 
enough on his own premises, excepting light dressing. 
To do this he has been obliged to increase his stock of 
animals. “To maintain this stock,” he says, “and 
bring my land to a high state of cultivation, by the most 
efficient and economical practice, has been a leading ob¬ 
ject; and to accomplish this, required no ordinary ma¬ 
nagement on such a farm. The stock in cattle has ranged 
for years, from forty to fifty head, in addition to the 
necessary horses, w r ith a large stock of sw r ine for breed¬ 
ing and fattening; and these I have fed from the pro¬ 
duce of the farm, except the purchasing occasionally of 
some straw, and supplies of mill feed for the horses and 
swine, and some meadow hay for the cattle, selling fre¬ 
quently its equivalent in timothy. During the same pe¬ 
riod I have sold hundreds of bushels of rye, some wheat, 
and on an average, four hundred bushels of potatoes an¬ 
nually, with some three to four hundred bushels of car¬ 
rots, besides providing for the family. But the chief in¬ 
come was derived from the cattle. 
“My expenditures during the whole period, could not 
be otherwise than large; as I could not put up so much 
stone fence, and picket fence, as encloses my farm with¬ 
out incurring a heavy outlay; but I view these improve¬ 
ments as cheap in the end. It may be safely inferred, 
that there is not at this day, any farm of the same extent 
in this part of the country, that can so easily be worked, 
or w T ill require so little expense for a series of years 
in keeping the fences in order, especially when the 
hedges are taken into account. I am also of opinion, 
that taking in view the condition of the soil, as to depth 
and richness, as well as its being entirely free of stones 
and other impediments, that I can make it produce as 
much as any farm of its size in any part of the country, 
for a series of years, and at as small an expense. 
“The secret of keeping so large a stock on so little land, 
consists in my practice of partial soiling, and green crops, 
whereby I make some four or five acres do the work of 
thirty acres, in the “slow and easy go way.” From 
May to August, my cattle are confined to one or two 
fields, most commonly one, to which they are driven, 
more for exercise in the cooler parts of the day, than 
for pasture; they being fed in the stables early in the 
morning, at noon, and at night, with food cut for them 
from a lot adjoining the barn-yard. The food is gene¬ 
rally of lucerne, orchard grass and clover, oats and corn. 
The patches from which the corn and oats are cut. 
