82 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[MAI10H, 
Contents for March, 1874. 
Bam, Plan for a Commodious.6 Illustrations.. 97 
Bee Notes for March. 90 
Breeding, In and In. 99 
Boys and Girls’ Columns—The Doctor Takes the Boys 
to a Match Factory—Aunt Sue’s Puzzle-Box—Bears, 
Performing—Steamboat, First—Ladder, Carrying a 
.6 Illustrations.. 107, 108 
Bucket for Water Wheels.2 Illustrations.. 96 
Butter and Cheese Dairying.99 
Calves, Black Leg in . 97 
Cattle Tie, a Safe. Illustrated.. 
Catalogues. 
Cow, Ayrshire... ..Illustrated.. 93 
Dairy, Butter.4 Illustrations.. 96 
Fence for Poultry Yard, Portable.3 Illustrations.. 97 
Fern, Climbing. Illustrated.. 104 
Flonring Mill.4 Illustrations. 100 
Flower Garden and Lawn for March.84 
Fruit Garden for March. 83 
Grass, Mixed. 99 
Grass, Permanent. 99 
Greenhouse and Window Plants for March. 84 
Hogs, Salt for. 99 
Household Department—Wall Pockets and Holders— 
Sweet Home—What Shall we have for Breakfast?— 
Medical Matters, Concerning—Minor Hints and 
Notes—Netherland Breakfast—Johnny Cake with 
Eggs—Paradise Cake.2 Illustrations. .105, 106 
Kitchen Garden for March. 83 
Little Farm well Tilled. 98 
Manure. Making Rich. 95 
Market Report for March. 84 
Notes from the Pines.102, 103 
Ogden Farm Papers, No. 49—Butter Statistics.90, 91 
Orchard and Nursery for March. 83 
Patents. 89 
Plant, Butterfly Weed. Illustrated.. 101 
Plant. Burnet Canada. Illustrated. .104 
Plant, Carolina Jessamine, Double. . Illustrated.. 101 
Plants, Packing Living.102 
Pony, Shetland. Illustrated.. 93 
Potatoes, Two New.2 Illustrations.. 92 
Punch for a Bull’s Nose. Illustrated.. 99 
Pupil Farmers. 98 
Robin, New Trick of the. 103 
Salt for Stock, Use of. 95 
Shrub, Olive Fragrant. Illustrated.. 101 
Skill. Value of.99 
Sod Plowing. Illustrated.. 81 
Sweet-Potato Plants, Hardened. 89 
Tomato Plants, Raising. 103 
Tree, Blue Gum. . 92 
Trqefflrom Seed, Forest. 89 
Walks and Talks on the Farm, No. 193. .94, 95 
Whlpple-Trees, Three-Horse. Illustrated.. 99 
Work, Hints About. 82 
INDEX TO “BASKET,” OIS SHORTER ARTICLES 
Animal Dust. 87 
Architecture, Hussey’sNa- 
tiorial Cottage. 86 
Bantams. Seabright.S6 
Barrow, Feed.87 
Blue-Grass Region of Ken¬ 
tucky.87 
Botanical Directory.86 
Camellias . 87 
Camellia with two Centers.85 
Chervil, Tuberous.87 
Cornell University.87 
Corn, Triumph Sweet.85 
Cranberries.87 
Cream, Foaming.87 
Crops for,Sowing to Grass.87 
Cucumbers, Manure for.. .87 
Dairymen's Assoc., Ohio. .86 
Dollars and Greenbacks... 87 
Fanner, Becoming a.... .87 
Fish, Gold.87 
Fisk & Hatch, Banking 
House of.86 
Geraniums, Double.87 
Hay Press, Improved.86 
Hedge.87 
Hens, Web-Footed.87 
Hickory, Grafting the. .. 85 
Hooks or Haws.87 
Horse-Shoeing, Rational.. 87 
Horticulture, Pupils in....86 
Horticulturist, Death of a 
N. H.85 
Humbugs, Sundry.85 
Malt Dust.87 
Manure, Fresh or Decom¬ 
posed .87 
Manure, Saving.87 
Mower, a Guinea.87 
Mr. Judd’s Health.85 
Mucilage... .. 87 
Peach, Early Beatrice... .87 
Pear Trees.87 
Peas, Bugs in.87 
Roses by Mail.86 
Senate, Now for the.85 
Spnice, Norway.87 
Thrashing Machine, New.86 
Walks in a Lawn.85 
Whitewash, Permanent.. .87 
Willows.87 
Windmill, What Came ofa.87 
ifesiraDie Wood-Lands, —“A Young 
Farmer,” Elmira, N. Y. There is a large tract of very 
desirable forest lands still unoccupied in Michigan. 
These lands are now made accessible by several rail¬ 
roads. The Grand Rapids and Indiana Railroad has 
opened a fine country near Grand Traverse Bay, covered 
with beech and maple timber, which always denotes the 
best wheat lands. The Flint and Pere Marquette road 
and the Jackson, Lansing and Saginaw«road have also 
opened fine tracts of farming and lumbering lands. For 
those who desire to locate upon timber lands, these are 
verj^attractive, having the same climate as that of West¬ 
ern Chnada and being equally fertile. In addition to 
their agricultural value, the timber upon these lands, in 
most .eases, will more than pay for clearing them, and 
leave the land free of cost. A large quantity of these 
lands are |or sale by the above roads at moderate priees. 
Sngnr,.41ukin^' Machinery. —“Sugar 
Maker.” The sugar-making machinery made by Geo. L. 
8quier & Bro.,of Bnffalo, is adapted to the use of either 
toe smallest or the largest planter. For making maple 
sugar or syrup from sorghum, their “ American Evapor¬ 
ator ” with portable furnace will be found very suitable. 
They also make a .very Btrong horse-power, ealled the 
Sanpeoa, for the purpose of driving the mills for crush- 
jteg *one or for other purposes. Their machinery has 
fafreu flrst premiums wherever it has been exhibited, 
IfOfydstas to New York. . • ■ 
Calendar for March. 
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PHASES OF THE MOON. 
MOON. 
BOSTON. 
N. YORK. 
WASII’N. 
ciia’ston 
CHICAGO. 
I>. 
FI. M. 
II. M. 
II. M. 
II. M. 
II. M. 
Fall M’n 
3 
0 37 m. 
0 25 m. 
0 13 m. 
0 1 m. 
11 31 ev. 
3(1 Quart. 
11 
4 50 m. 
4 88 m. 
4 26 m. 
4 14 m. 
3 44 m. 
New M’n 
17 
0 1818th 
0 618th 
11 51 ev. 
11 42 ev. 
11 U ev. 
1 st Quart 
24 
5 47 ev. 
5 35 ev. 
5 23 ev. 
5 11 ev. 
4 41 ev. 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
NEW YORK, MARCH, 1874. 
Said a large iron manufacturer to us a few days 
ago: “I have been visiting 6ome of the principal 
factories, in company with our foreman, to see 
what new and improved processes are adopted. 
We have picked up many ideas that will he of great 
use to us. Time was when we could get high prices 
for our products, but now the manufacturer must 
study the closest economy. Our profits come from 
what we can save by adopting the best processes.” 
This seemed to he a new idea to him. 
“Farmers,” we remarked, “ have always had to 
practice the closest economy. There is no busi¬ 
ness in which there is so mueh competition. We 
have long known that we must look to our profits 
by cheapening production.” 
We fear, however, that we elaimed more for far¬ 
mers than we are justly entitled to. Farmers are 
personally economical. As a rule, they do not 
spend too much ou themselves or their families. 
But are we truly economical in our farm manage¬ 
ment ? Do we spend our time and labor to the best 
advantage ? Are we getting full returns from our 
horses, cows, sheep, and pigs ? They are eating 
every day, and cost us a large sum in the aggregate 
for food and attendance. If we take a load to mar¬ 
ket and come back empty we are losing half our 
own time and nearly half the powers of the team. 
If we set a man to plow, harrow, or cultivate with 
one horse when the work requires two, we are los¬ 
ing half the man’s wages, ff he uses two horses 
when three are required we lose one-third of his 
labor. It is a good time to think about these 
things, and make preparation for performing our 
work with the least loss. We hope no reader of 
the Agriculturist will let the present month of com¬ 
parative leisure, go by without doing everything 
that can be done to facilitate the labors which will 
press upon us in a few weeks. 
Hints about Work. 
Eire Men for the Season .—Wages will be lower. 
Bnt if you can find a good man pay him what he is 
worth. Let him feel that he is getting good pay 
for good work. 
Cottages for farm laborers are mueh needed; they 
save mueh labor in the fanner’s house. 
The Farmer should Own the Cottage , and let the 
rent apply on the wages. If you rent the cottage 
you have no hold on the man. But if you let him 
have the house as part of the wages you can turn 
him out for disobedience or for any reason suffi¬ 
cient to legally justify you in discharging a 
hired man. 
A Married Man should, however, be treated 
with great forbearance. It is a cruel thing to turn 
a family out of doors. If the man is getting eare- 
less, let him know that you have this power, but 
do not exercise it except in extreme cases. 
Day Men can usually he obtained early in the 
spring at comparatively low wages. We had men 
willing to work on our own farm in March for half 
what the same men ask in May, June, and July. 
The Days are Getting Longer .—We do a great deal 
of work in October and November, and pay vc> y 
high wages. But the day is longer in Febvi -rr 
(say 10.40) than it is in November (say 9.55), l 
longer in March (say 12.17) than in October i-ay 
11.07); in fact, nearly as long as in September (say 
12.28). If we have any work that can be conve¬ 
niently done, therefore, we can not only get men 
at low wages, bnt the night does not come so soon 
as in October. 
Write Doim everything you have to do during 
the next four or five months ; and then see if there 
is not something that you can do now that will 
save time and labor. 
If you are going to Build , cut and hew the tim¬ 
bers and draw them where they are wanted. Draw 
the lumber while there is sleighing. 
Keep the Teams at Worle. —Better hire an extra 
man than let the horses lie idle. 
Draw Wood, and saw and split and pile up in the 
wood-house all you will want until next winter. 
Green Cord-wood should he drawn and put in a 
pile to season. Do not let it remain in the woods, 
and then have to draw it in the summer when yon 
should be doing more important work. 
Draw Blaster, and sow it direct from the sleigh 
or wagon or 6tow it away in a dry place. It will not 
injure by keeping, unless it gets damp and lumpy. 
Dram Manure to the field where needed and put 
it in a pile to ferment. If some portions of the 
manure are wet and some dry mix them together 
in the new pile. 
Cut up Hay and other Fodder with a horse-power 
machine and stow it away for future use. Scatter 
a little salt on it, eay at the rate of two quarts to 
a ton. 
Damaged Hay should be cut up and steamed. 
Molded hay is very injurious nnless steamed or 
moistened with boiling water to destroy the fungus. 
A Good Grindstone is a necessity on every farm. 
If you have a horse-power or a wind-mill it will 
pay well to attach a driving-wheel to your grind¬ 
stone. You can then grind coulters, cultivator 
teeth, axes, spades, hoes, hay-knives, scythes, 
cradles, corn-cutters, cold-chisels, and anything 
and everything you will he likely to want during 
the coming busy season. 
But everything in perfect repair .—See Hints for 
last month. If you are near a blacksmith and 
wheelwright’s shop you ca> Probably get the work 
done cheaper and better than by doing it yourself. 
But when you have to send several miles there are 
many little things that can be repaired at home in 
less time than is required to take them to the shop. 
A Chest of Tools and a Tool Shop will pay for 
themselves every year, provided you keep the tools 
in good order and in their proper places. This is 
the age of machinery, and every farmer should be 
more or lees of a mechanic. 
Clean Out Stables at.d Barns and leave no cob¬ 
webs. If you are a slovenly man and do not know 
how to “ tidy up,” get your wife to show you how. 
Bush things the coming season, limes will be 
better. Produce will be higher. Raise all yon aim 
and get ready for the work now. Be hopeful, as* 
ergetic, systematic, and industrious, and you wH 
find farming pleasant and profitable. 
