AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
Q4= 
[March, 
Jariy Paris and Early Erfurt for early. Lenormand 
vad Walcheren lor late. 
Carrots. —Early Horn is best for early, and in the 
garden best also for late; sow in drills one foot apart. 
Celery.— Sow in hot-beds Dwarf White Solid and 
.Boston Market. 
Chi es. —Cut away the dead tops earl y. To make 
a new bed procure a clump and divide it; set the 
sing’e plants or small clusters in rows a foot apart, 
alio via j sis inches between them. The tender 
green taps are cut up flue and eaten with vinegar. 
Corn. —As soon as the ground is warm enough 
plant a few rows or Moore’s Concord or other early. 
At intervals of ten days sow this and later Mexican 
Sfelack but the sweetest), Mammoth Sweet, and 
: 8t(Swell’s Evergreen. Sow in drills 3£ feet apart. 
Cress. —Sow Curled in shallow drills, one foot 
Kgart at intervals of a week. 
Cucumbers. A few hills of Early Russian may 
3b planted on pieces of sod in a hot-bed ; for gen- 
jgmi crop White Spine, and for late and pickles 
J&een Prickly. 
Egg Plant. —Sow seeds in the hottest part of the 
fct-bed; they require more heat than most plants. 
Sang Purple for early, and Purple and Black 
IFekiu for late. 
Horseradish. —Plant sets in rows two feet apart 
swell-manured ground. 
Kale left in from last fall will need hoeing to 
.fsep down the weeds and promote growth. German 
,jseens and Scotch kale are sown late. 
Kolil-rabi. —Sow Early White in open ground in 
IKlls two feet apart. 
Leek. —Sow Flag or Musselburgh -the same as 
anions. 
Lettuce sowed in the open ground last fall must 
£fe uncovered and the soil loosened between the 
lows. Set out plants from the cold-frame, and 
mvr seeds in liot-bed nd open ground. Curled 
Silesia, Hanson, and Tennis-ball are reliable sorts. 
Melons. —Treat the same as cucumbers. Nut¬ 
meg, Cassaba, Skillman’s Netted, White Japan, 
and Ward’s Nectar are good. 
Onions. —Sow early in very rich soil in drills 
fifteen inches apart. Plant out sets, potato, and 
top onions for early crop. Yellow Danvers and 
Early Red are the best sorts for raising from seed. 
Parsley. —Soak seeds in warm water, and sow 
Curled in drills one foot apart. 
Parsnips. —Dig those left in the ground over 
winter, and sow seeds of Hollow Crown in drills 
fifteen inches apart. 
Peas. —Plant over well-manured trenches in 
double rows, allowing room enough between the 
rows to place the brush. Laxton’s Alpha, Carter’s 
First Crop, and Daniel O’Rourke for early ; Cham¬ 
pion of England or Yorkshire Hero for main crop. 
For dwarf McLean’s Little Gem. Sow the last in 
single rows eighteen inches apart, and not until the 
ground is well warmed. 
Peppers. —Sow in hot-bed as egg plant. Squash 
for pickles and Sweet Mountain for stuffing. 
Potatoes. —Start a few for early use in hot-bed. 
Those for planting in open ground may be cut and 
placed in a warm spot for a few days before plant¬ 
ing. Early Rose is best for general crop of early. 
See notices of new sorts. 
Ltadishes. —Sow thickly in drills in open ground 
at intervals of a week or ten days for a succession. 
French Breakfast, Early Scarlet Turnip, and Olive¬ 
shaped short sorts, and Scarlet Short-top long. 
Salsify. —Dig the roots remaining in the ground, 
and sow seeds for the new crop as for parsnips. 
Scorzonera, or Black Salsify, requires the same 
treatment as salsify. 
Spinach. —Uncover the beds planted last fall, and 
In a few days of warm weather it will be ready to 
cut. Sow seeds of Round Leaved in drills a foot 
apart for spring and summer use. New Zealand is 
best for summer, but is not sown until May. 
Sorrel. —Uncover the plants and spade a dressing 
of manure between the rows. It is excellent for 
early greens. 
Sioeet Potatoes .—Start in a hot-bed with two or three 
inches of compost over them, and when the sprouts 
are large enough, set in well-manured ridges. 
Nansemond and Southern Queen are best for 
Northern use. See article on page 89. 
Squashes .—After the ground is warm sow Sum¬ 
mer Crookneck for early ; Boston Marrow, Marble¬ 
head, and Hubbard for late. 
Tomato .—Start in hot-bed or window^box seeds 
of Trophy, Early Smooth Red, and Canada Victor. 
Turnips .—Sow a few rows of Elat Dutch for 
early, and Red and White Strap-leaf for later. 
White French and Yellow Stone for ruta-baga 
sorts. 
Seeds .—The supply of seeds should be ordered 
at once, so that they may be ready when wanted. 
The facilities for sending seeds by mail are now 
such that all the smaller varieties can be sent easily 
and cheaply by mail. 
Flower (jS-airdeu and Lawn. 
Annuals .—Sow in bot-bcid or window-boxes, so 
that there may be plenty of young plants to use 
in planting the borders. 
Walks may be made as soon as settled weather 
comes ; gravel and broken rock make the most 
durable walks. 
Lawns .—Roll and sow plenty of grass-seed where 
the turf was injured during the winter. "When 
new lawns are made prepare the soil by plowing or 
spading in well-rotted manure. Reel Top or June 
Grass makes a good lawn when used alone, or both 
together, with a little white clover. Use plenty of 
seed, five or six bushels to the acre. 
Perennials grow better if divided at least once in 
three years. Attend to this as early as possible be¬ 
fore growth.commences. If the soil is not already 
rich, make it so by adding plenty of fine manure. 
C 3 reessla.OM.se sand Window Fdasats. 
March will bring with it an abundance of work 
in this department, the chief of which will he the 
Propagation of bedding plants for out-of-door 
planting. The temperature of the air in the propa¬ 
gating house must be considerably lower than that 
under the benches. 
Ventilation ought to be looked after carefully 
now that the sun is so powerful. Admit air every 
mild day, taking care however that none of the 
plants are exposed to draughts of air. Keep the 
plants near the glass, so that they will get all the 
light possible. 
Smoking .—The greenhouse should be fumigated 
with tobacco smoke every week to destroy the 
green fly. If one smoking is not enough give an¬ 
other the next evening, always taking care to thor¬ 
oughly syringe the plants the next day to remove 
the dead insects. 
Forcing .—Such plants as were forced during 
winter should be turned out in a reserve bed to 
recover. 
Bulbs that have finished flowering should be al¬ 
lowed to complete the growth of their leaves : 
after this cut off the leaves and store the bulbs in 
a dry place, where they can not be injured by cold 
or mice. 
Commercial Matters—Market Prices. 
The following condensed, comprehensive tables, care¬ 
fully prepared specially for the American Agriculturist , 
from our daily record during the year, show at a glance 
■the transactions for the month ending Peb. 19tli, 1874, 
and for the corresponding month last year: 
1. TRANSACTIONS AT TUI! NEW YORK MARKETS. 
Receipts. Flour. Wheat. Corn. Bye. Barley. Oats. 
26 Wstliis m’t,li402,000 3,175,000 1,004,000 fit,OHO 106/00 800,000 
aid’s last m’tti280,116 2,192,000 270,000 2 5,000 75,000 553,000 
Sai.es. Finin'. Wheat. Corn. Bye. Barley. Oats. 
26 d’s this m'tli2D6,000 2,312.000 1.597,000 131.000 813,000 1,437.000 
24 d’s last ill’ll! 328,000 2,051,000 1,611,000 43,000 239,000 1,410,000 
a. Comparison with same period at this lime last year. 
Receipts. Flour. Wheat. Corn. Eye. Earles/. Oats. 
26 days 1874...402,000 3,175,000 1,004,000 01/000 100,000 895,000 
26 days 1873...105,000 113,000 427,000 1,450 95,000 506,000 
OALUb. JL’u/it r. imwuii, ^1 rill. Hf/C. Xiuneu. Uillti, 
26 days 1871.. .296,000 2,312,000 1,597,000 131,000 813,OOP 1,437,000 
26 days 1873.. .316,000 1,254,000 1,975,000 18,000 499,660 1,327,000 
3. 
Feb. 9, 
Jan. 12, 
Dec. 10, 
Nov. 8. 
Oct. 0, 
Oct. 7, 
Stock of grain in store at New York. 
Wheat. 
bush. 
1874.. 1,070,049 
1874.. 1.235.418 
1873. .1,553,313 
1873.. 1.596.500 
1873.. 1.270.801 
1872.. 23,142 
Corn. Eye. 
bush. bush. 
511,800 14,608 
1,146,202 1,131 
2,093,544 - 
2,951,993 109,983 
5,429,537 48,297 
3,842,181 39,9-25 
Barley. Oats. Malt. 
hash. bush. bush. 
40,906 735,992 28,769 
186,208 514,117 35,482 
244,385 579 742 60,805 
23 804 630,406 91,460 
64SS23 1,451,868 201,727 
40,025 2,505,006 12,535 
4. 
Exports from New York, Jan. 1 to Feb. 12: 
Flour. Wheat. Corn. Eye. Barley. Oats. Peas. 
hbls. 
bush. bush. 
1871.. ..291.169 2,916,000 1,442,700 
1873.. ..152.290 705,286 2,004,369 
1372.. .. -- 830,039 2,078,208 
bush. bush. bush. bush. 
104,2(5 10/100 22,250 
- 6,700 2,560 (USB 
70,613 2,682 
Current Wholesale Prices. 
Jan. 13. 
Price op Gold . 
Flour—S uper to Extra Stale 
Super to Extra Southern_ 
Extra Western. 
Extra Genesee. 
Super line Western. 
Rye Flour. ... 
Corn-M kal. 
Buckwheat Flour, 78100 fts. 
Wheat—A ll hinds of White. 
All kinds of Red and Amber. 
Corn—Y ellow.. 
Mixed... 
White.. . 
Oats — Western. 
State . 
Rye . 
Barley . 
Hay—R ale, 79 100 its. 
Straw, P 100 Us. 
Cotton — M iddlings, P lb . 
Mops—C rop oflS73, P ft. 
Feathers —Live Geese, p ft 
Seed—C lover,V n> .. 
Timothy, P bushel. 3 25 
Flax, 79 bushel. 
Sugar—R efi’g& Grocery V ft 
Molasses, Cuba. Pgal.. . 
New Orleans, Pgal ’. 
Coffee—R io (Gold). 
Tobacco, Kentucky, &e.,P ft. 
Seed Leaf, P lb . 
Wool—D omestic Fleece, P ft 
Domestic, pulled, P ft. 35 
California, clip. 19 
Tallow, P ft . 7 
Oil-Cake—# ton. 40 00 
Pork—M ess, P barrel.16 00 
Prime, P barrel . 13 00 
Feb. IS. 
HIM 
113% 
&5 
85 
@ 8 
25 
$5 
85 
a 8 10 
6 
90 
ffi.ll 
00 
6 
65 
@11 00 
6 
65 
@11 
00 
6 
50 
@11 00 
8 
25 
@ 9 
65 
8 
25 
@10 00 
5 
85 
@ 6 
50 
5 
85 
@ 6 35 
4 
50 
@ 5 
90 
5 
00 
@ 6 00 
4 
00 
@ 4 
75 
3 
75 
@ 4 75 
3 
00 
@ 3 
40 
2 
50 
@ 3 00 
1 
05 
@ 1 
95 
1 
60 
@ 1 95 
1 
50 
@ 1 
70 
1 
25 
@ 1 
l 70 
88 
@ 
92 V, 
80 
© 
86 
70 
@ 
92% 
77 
@ 
89 
88 
@ 
92 
84 
@ 
90 
65 
66 
60 
@ 
68 % 
62 
@ 
68 
60 
@ 
63% 
1 
04 
@ 1 
08 
1 
02 %<r: 
1 10 
X 
35 
@ 1 
85 
1 
70 
@ ! 
l 25 
1 
00 
® 1 
50 
1 
00 
® : 
L 45 
60 
@ 
85 
60 
@ 
95 
16 m 
17 
16 
@ 
16% 
25 @ 
05 @ 
!>%© 
40 
67 
9 % 
3 50 
25 
65 „ 
9%@ 
45 
70 
9k 
25 © 3 50 
25 © 2 35 
2 35 @ 2 40 
6 %@ 
9 
6 %© 
8 » 
20 @ 
SO 
23 @ 
35 
65 @ 
78 
60 @ 
75 
24%@ 
28% 
2 S%@ 
265i 
5%@ 
14 
5 %@ 
14 
5 @ 
65 
5 © 
65 
30 @ 
70 
32 ® 
70 
35 @ 
55 
80 @ 
55 
19 ® 
35 
20 @ 
S7% 
7 @ 
7 % 
7%@ 
n 
j40 50'" 42 50 @ 43 50 
@16 75 15 75 @16 00 
@13 75 12 75 @13 00 
Beef— Plain mess. 
-8 
»0 
©11 
00 
9 
50 
@11 
00 
Laud, in tres. & barrels, H>. 
SX@ 
9% 
8 %@ 
9% 
Butter— State, $1 ft. 
24 
© 
45 
28 
(ft 
bl) 
Western, fit .. .. . 
18 
@ 
35 
22 
© 
40 
Cheese. . 
8 
M 
15 
5 
© 
.3 
17 
Beans— TP bushel. 
1 
50 
@ 
3 
75 
1 
50 
© 
65 
Peas— Canada, free. P bu ... 
1 
20 
« 
1 
30 
1 
05 
© 
1 
25 
Eggs—F resh, P dozen . 
25 
© 
3(1 
23 
@ 
27 
“ Limed P dozen. 
15 
19 
14 
($ 
18 
Poultry—F owls. 
7 
© 
14 
10 
M 
If 
Turkeys—'TP ft... 
0 
© 
13 
9 
© 
16 
Geese, P pail'. 
Ducks, $ pair. 
1 
50 
M 
2 
50 
1 
50 
© 
2 
50 
60 
@ 
87 
60 
© 
87 
“ $ lb..... 
6 
M 
13 
10 
(ft 
18 
Partridges, P pair. 
35 
(ft. 
50 
70 
(ft 
75 
Grouse, trapped, P pair. 
40 
(<4 
50 
60 
(ft 
75 
Harks, P pair.. 
30 
© 
40 
40 
(ft 
55 
Venison. P 1b. 
6 
© 
10 
6 
(ft 
12 % 
Quail, P doz. 
75 
© 
1 
50 
2 
00 
(ft 
3 
25 
Rabbits, P pail'. 
Turnips P bbl. 
20 
© 
40 
40 
(ft 
50 
no 
© 
1 
00 
50 
(ft 
1 
00 
Cars ages— TP 100. 
4 
00 
© 
8 ' 
(10 
4 
00 
@10 
00 
Onions— P bbl. 
4 
00 
(ft 
.5 
50 
4 
00 
(ft 
5 
50 
Potatoes— P bid. 
1 
no 
(ft 
3 
00 
1 
50 
(ft 
3 
50 
Sweet Potatoes— P bbl._ 
4 
501 
« 
0 
50 
4 
50 
(ft 
G 
50 
Carrots— P bbl.. — 
2 
CO 
2 
25 
1 
50 
(ft 
2 
00 
Broom-corn. 
6 
(ft 
11 
6 - 
11 
Apples— TP barrel. 
1 
00 
((tt 
4 
GO 
1 
00 
4 
00 
Cranberp.ies— P bbl. 
7 
00 
(ft 
9 
50 
8 
50 
@11 
00 
Peaks, California, P box. 
3 
50 
@4 
25 
3 
00 
© 
4 
00 
Grapes, 79 lb. 
Beets, P bbl . 
5 
© 
7 
— 
© 
— 
2 
00 
© 
2 
25 
2 
00 
© 
2 
25 
Celery, P doz. 
1 
00 
© 
1 
50 
75 
© 
1 
00 
Green Peas, TP bushel. 
1 
45 
@ 
1 
88 
1 
60 
@ 
1 
75 
Gold has been up to 112% and down to 110%—closing 
February 12th at 112% as against 111% on January 12th. 
The receipts of Produce since our last have been 
on a remarkably liberal scale for the season—the railways 
bringing forward unusually large amounts, particularly 
of Flour, Wheat, and Hog products. The demand for 
Produce from all sources has been fair, but not very 
active. The export inquiry has been less urgent, espe¬ 
cially toward the close, the advices from England 
having been less favorable. Prices have been vari¬ 
able, closing on Breadstuffs less firmly as a rule, 
though in the instances of Rye and Barley much 
stronger, in view of the meager offerings of these articles. 
Rye has been wanted for shipment to the Continent, and 
full boat-loads have been bringing 3c. @ 5c. a bushel 
more than odd car lots. An extremely brisk trade has 
been reported in Barley at the advanced figures, largely 
in foreign-grown stock, in good part German, Scandina¬ 
vian, and Hungarian to arrive. Brewers and maltsters 
have been the principal buyers. Toward the close the 
reduced supplies available and the extreme rates claimed 
tended to check operations. The Provision trade has 
been moderately active ; Hog products closed weak; 
Beef steady; Butter and Cheese dearer. Tho recent ex¬ 
port purchases of Cheese, especially of the finest makes, 
have been quite extensive. Eggs have been unusually 
depressed, by the great accumulation of stock, in the 
absence of anything like a free distribution ; but toward 
the close the demand was reviving, and prices rallied 
