124 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[April, 
of the way before the room is needed for the cab¬ 
bages. Sow seeds in open ground. 
Carrots. —Sow a few rows for early use in warm, 
rich soil in drills a foot apart; put in plenty of 
seed to insure a good start. 
Celery.— Set out plants for early crop. Sow seeds 
in drills eight inches apart. 
Chives .—As soon as the soil is dry fork in a dress¬ 
ing of fine manure around the plants and remove 
all the old leaves. New beds may be made by 
division of the plants. 
Cucumbers. —Sow a few seeds in pots or bits of 
sod in a hot-bed, so that they can bo readily re¬ 
moved as soon as the weather is warm enough. Do 
not plant in open ground until next month. 
Egg-Plants .—Sow in hot-bed giving considerable 
heat, and take care not to cheek growth untimely 
by removing the sashes. 
Oarlic .—Set bulbs in rows 13 inches apart, allow¬ 
ing six inches between the plants. 
Horseradish .—Plant out sets in rows, in well- 
manured soil, 24 x 15 inches. 
Herbs .—A supply of the more common herbs 
should bo sown. Sage, thyme, summer savory, 
etc., are in general use for flavoring. Sow in a 
warm place or frame in rows four inches apart. 
Leeks .—Sow seed as early as possible in fins soil 
in fifteen-inch rows. 
Lettuce .—Set out plants from the cold-frame in 
rows a foot apart, and the plants six inches in the 
rows. There are many vacant spots where a few 
plants may be set. 
Onions .—The sooner the seed is put in after the 
ground is open the better is the prospect for a crop. 
In sowing, radish seed is sometimes mixed with it, 
which allows the rows to be seen readily and the 
weeds sooner hoed up between the rows. Plant in 
rows 15 inches apart. Top and potato onions 
should be set at once in rich soil. 
Ptirdcy .—Sow in hot-bed or open ground, first 
soaking the seed in hot water a short time. 
Far snips .—Sow at once in very rich deep soil, so 
that they may get a good start before very warm 
weather. Sow in rows 15 inches apart. 
Peas will bear considerable frost, and the sooner 
they are planted the better they will yield. Do not 
plant the dwarfs until the ground is warm and dry. 
Peppers require to be treated the same as recom¬ 
mended for egg-plants. 
Pbtatoes that have been cut and started in the 
hot-bed may be set out at once in rows two to three 
feet apart, and one foot in the rows. Plant all 
garden sorts early. 
Radishes .—Sow a few rows every week or ten 
days during this month. Sow thickly in rows one 
foot apart. 
Salsify and Scorzonera .—These two vegetables 
ought not to be neglected, for if once raised we 
think they will always form a part of the gardener’s 
crops. Their culture Is the same as for carrots. 
Spinach .—Keep down the weeds in the beds sown 
last fall, and sow seed in rows a foot apart. 
Seeds.— Persons raising their own seeds should 
set out the most perfect specimens of beets, par¬ 
snips, etc., early. 
Tomatoes .—It is yet too early to trust plants in 
the open ground. The earliest should be trans¬ 
planted to pots or boxes, where they will have more 
room to grow, and so that they can be readily re¬ 
moved without injuring the roots. 
Turnips .—Sow a few rows for early use, and as 
soon as they are up sprinkle with plaster to pre¬ 
serve from Insects. 
Flower Oarden and Lawn. 
There will be plenty of work in this department 
on the opening of spring weather. Rubbish, 
broken limbs, and everything which can disfigure 
the. appearance of the garden and its surroundings 
should be cleared away. 
Lawn .—Apply a dressing of bone, ashes, or other 
fertilizer. If any patches are thin or bare sow 
seed thickly after loosening the soil with a rake. 
Bulbs which were planted last fall should have 
the covering of hay or leaves taken off, and the 
ground loosened around the plants, which will just 
now show themselves above the ground. 
Ornamental Trees .—Set out such varieties as are 
needed for shade or ornament. Evergreens do best 
if not moved until May. 
Annuals .—Sow seeds of the hardy kinds. 
Herbaceous Perennials .—Move and divide at once 
if not yet attended to, as many of the sorts will 
commence flowering soon. A light, loamy, well 
drained soil is the best for most sorts. 
Biennials .—Transplant such plants as Hollyhocks, 
Sweet Williams, etc., from the beds to where they 
are to flower; the earlier this is done the better. 
Climbers .—Provide plenty of climbers for orna¬ 
menting and covering porches, arbors, and rustic- 
work. Clematis, Trumpet-creeper, Honey-suckle, 
Wistarias, Akebia, and the like are very orna¬ 
mental both in flower and foliage, and many an 
otherwise bare-looking spot can be easily covered 
by these hardy climbers. 
Hedges .—Trim and stir the soil around the plants 
as early as possible, and if any new hedges are 
wanted order the plants at once. 
Wind-breaks are very useful, as well as neces¬ 
sary in a flat country, and trees to serve this 
purpose should be planted wherever needed. 
Norway Spruce is one of the%est evergreens for 
this purpose, as it is of rapid growth. 
Drives and Walks should be laid out and made at 
once, for if left until later there will be too much 
work on hand to do it properly. 
Greenhonse and 'Window Plants. 
Ventilation is the main point to look after now. 
Admit air every warm day, so that those plants 
which are to be set out in the open border may be 
properly hardened off. 
Propagation of the desirable sorts may still be 
continued, and the plants, as soon as rooted, pot¬ 
ted and placed in shade until established. 
Seeds .—Sow seeds of annuals in greenhouse or 
window boxes. Balsams, Asters, etc., do better if 
started in this way. 
Insects .—Keep the greenhouse clear of insects 
by smoking, washing, etc. The red spider may be 
destroyed by keeping the house damp. 
Camellias which are growing should have plenty 
of water and a little more heat. 
Azaleas .—Prune and bring into shape by judicious 
tying as soon as the plants have done flowering. 
Bulbs that have completed their growth of leaves 
may be turned out of the pots and stored in a dry, 
cool place. Ixias and other greenhouse bulbs 
should have plenty of water while flowering. 
Tuberoses .—Start bulbs in the greenhouse for 
planting outside. 
Cannas and other tropical tuberous-rooted plants 
do better if started in a little heat and planted 
out-of-doors from the first until the last of May, 
according to locality. 
Plants wintered over in the cellar will need look¬ 
ing after, and water given occasionally as needed. 
Commercial Matters—Market Prices. 
The following condensed, comprehensive tables, care¬ 
fully prepared specially for the American Agriculturist, 
from our daily record during the year, show at a glance 
the transactions for the month ending March 13tb, 1874, 
and for the corresponding month last year: 
1. TRANSACTIONS AT TnE NSW YORK WARKRT8. 
Receipts. Flour. Wheat. Corn. Cue. Farley. Outs. 
21 d*s«0<s m’tliStT.OftO 1,911.000 411.000 141,000 153,000 488,000 
26 d’s last iii'tli 402,000 3,175,000 1,004,01)0 61,0i 0 106,00 895,000 
Sacks. Flour Wheat. Corn line Farley. Oats. 
24 d’s this m’Ui229,000 2,410,000 1,617,000 116,000 329.000 1.104,000 
26 d’s last in’ll. 296,000 2,312,000 1,597,000 131,000 813,000 1,437,000 
a. Comparison with same period at this time last year. 
Receipts. Flour. Wheat. Corn. Rye. Barley. Oats 
24days 1874...317,000 1,912,000 411,000 141,000 133,000 486 000 
23 days 1873...179,000 262,000 3,8,000 2,100 61,000 666.000 
Salks. Flour. Wheat. Corn. llye. Barley. Oats. 
24 days 1874.. .229,000 2,419,000 1,617,000 116,000 329,000 1 104 000 
23 days 1873.. . 188,000 569,000 1,563,000 - 91 000 1 086 000 
3. 
Stock of grain In store at 
Wheat. 
bush. 
Mar. 9, 1874..1,320,SI3 
Feb. 9, 1874. .1,070,649 
Jan. 12,1874..1,235,418 
Dec. 10,1873..1,553,313 
Nov. 8, 1873..1,596,560 
Oct. 6, 1873..1,270,801 
Oct. 7, 1872.. 23,142 
Corn. 
bush. 
754,511 
511,800 
1,146,202 
2,093,541 
2,951,993 
5,129,537 
3,842,181 
Rye. 
bush. 
26,378 
14,608 
1,131 
109,983 
43,297 
39,925 
New York. 
Rarley. 
bush. 
61,416 
40,906 
186,208 
244,885 
23,804 
Oats. 
bush. 
751,375 
735,992 
514.117 
579,742 
630,466 
613,723 1,451,868 
40,025 2,505,006 
Malt. 
bush. 
22,276 
23,769 
35,482 
60,865 
91,460 
201,727 
12,535 
4. Exports from Nero York , Jan . 1 to March 12: 
Four. Wheat. Corn. Rye. Barley. Oats. Peas. 
bbl8. bush. bush. bush. bush. bush. bush. 
1874.. ..451.520 5,833,105 2,026,686 190,985 21,993 48,700 
18.3.. ..325.386 868,737 2,778,029 1,004 6,700 4,977 11,937 
1872.. ..165.416 1,604,991 2,974,449 135,787 - 5,717 54,103 
Gold has been up to 113 and down to 111%—closing 
March 12th at 112 as against 112% on February 12th. 
All things considered, a remarkably active movement for 
the season has been noted in the leading kinds of Pro¬ 
duce, the receipts and sales of Breadstnffs having been 
in excess of those of the same time last year. The busi¬ 
ness in Flour, Wheat, Corn, and Rye has been in good 
part for shipment. Under the liberal arrivals prices 
generally yielded, but closed with more steadiness. The 
scant supply of freight room available for prompt use has 
been against the export trade. The dealings in Barley 
have been less extensive, and at lower figures. The 
offerings of foreign have been large and nrgent, partly 
to arrive. Oats have met with a ready sale, mostly for 
local trade purposes, and have held their own well as to 
values.The inquiry for the principal kinds of Pro¬ 
visions has been fairly active, but at variable prices, 
closing more firmly. Butter and Cheese dearer, and in 
good request. Eggs closed lower, with a very moderate 
demand from consumers.Cotton lias been quite 
freely purchased, but closed in favor of buyers.Wool 
has been less sought after and rather less firm. The 
better grades of domestic have been in quite moderate 
supply. Manufacturers have been operating reservedly. 
.Tobacco, Seeds, Hay, and Straw have attracted 
less attention. The offerings of Hay and Straw toward 
tlie close were on a liberal scale.nops have been 
very dull, and generally weak ; thongn strictly prime to 
choice stock was held with a fair share of confidence, 
having been comparatively scarce. 
Current Wuolksalk Pricks. 
Feb. 13. March 13 
Prick op Gold. 
Flour—S uper to Extra Stale 
Super to Extra Southern_ 
Extra Western . 
Extra Genesee. 
Superfine Western . 
Rye Flour . 
Corn-M kai. 
Buckwheat Flour, $ 100 tts. 
Whkat— All kinds of White. 
All kinds of Red and Amber. 
Corn—F ellow . 
Mixed.. 
White.. 
Oats— Western. 
State. 
Ktb . 
Baulky . 
May—B ale, 70 100 its . 
Straw, V 100 n,s. 
Cotton—M iddlings. 70 lb ... 
Hops—Crop of 1873. 70 Ik. 
Fkatiikrs — Live Geese, 70 lb 
Skko—C lover,70 lb . 
Timothy. 70 bushel... 
Flax. It hnsliel. 
Sugar—R efl’g& Grocery Itlb 
Molasrks. Cuba. TOgal. . 
New Orleans, ?l gal .. 
Coffee—R io (Gold).. 
Tobacco. Kentucky, &c.,78lb. 
Seed Leaf, lb. 
Wool—D omestic Fleece, W lb 
Dorneslie, pulled, ?t lb. 
California, dip.. 
Tallow, 70 lb 
Oil-Cakk—' 70 ton . 
Pork—M css, 70 barrel. 
Prime, 70 barrel _ _ 
Bkf.f—P lain mess. 
Lard, in trcs. & barrels, $t lb. 
Buttkk—S tate, lb. 
Western. ?) lb . . . 
Cheksk.. . . . 
Brans— 70 hnsliel. 
Peas—C anada, free. bu ... 
Eggs—F resh. 70 dozen . 
“ Limed TP dozen. 
Poultry—F owls__ 
Turkeys—70 lb. 
Geese, 70 pair.. . 
Ducks, 70 pair. 
“ 70 ft. 
Partridges, 78 pair. 
Grouse, trapped, pair. 
Harks, pair . 
VUNISON, ft. 
uatl. 71 doz. 
abuts. 70 pair. 
Turnips $ bbl. 
Cabs\oes— to 100. 
Onions— 70 bbl. 
Potatoes— 70 bbl. 
Sweet Potatoes— 71 bbl. 
Carrots- 70 bbl. 
Bp.oom-corn. 
Apples— 7» barrel. . 
Cranberries— 78 bbl. 
Peats, California, 78 box. 
Beets. 7* bbl . 
Celery, T> doz .. 
Gkksn Pkas, 78 bushel. 
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