282 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST, 
[August, 
Contents for August, 1874, 
Barn for Sheep.4 Illustrations .. 207 
Bee Notes. 
Birds—Osprey or Fish-Hawk. Illustrated.. 2823291 
Boys and Girls’ Columns—Boys’ Pigeon House- 
Aunt Sue’s Chats—What six pecks of Potatoes 
did—Puzzle-Box, Answers to Puzzles—The New 
Comers.3 Illustrations. 307,308 
California Tobacco.299 
Cattle, Animals for Exhibition and for use.2 111. .293 
Clearing Stubble. 290 
Edam Cheese.5 Illustrations..Wo, 296 
Farm Work for August.2S2 
Flower Garden and Lawn in August.2S3 
Flowers, Preserving—Winter Bouquets.303 
Flowers, The Japanese Primrose.304 
Flowers, The Manihot Hibiscus. Illustrated ..304 
Fruit Garden in August.283 
Greenhouse and Window Plants in August.284 
Household Department—Comfortable Country Chairs 
—Pudding—Sponge Cake—Catsup—Home Topics— 
Berrying—That Frying Pan—Small Waists—Bread 
Crackers—Apple Pies for Lunches—A Mother on 
Bathing .2 Illustrations. .305, 306 
Hurdles, How to Arrange. .Illustrated. .299 
Kitchen Garden in August. 283 
Machine-Made Ox Shoe. Illustrated. .296 
Market Reports.284 
Notes from the Pines—American Wistaria—Base- 
Burner water-heater—Robbery of Shrubs—Insects 
and Horticulture — Flowering Shrubs — Straw¬ 
berries.302, 303 
Ogden Farm Papers, No. 54—A Tasting Chemist— 
Jersey Crosses—Mr. Hand’s Herd—Water and Wind 
Mills—Sales of Cattle...291, 292 
Orchard and Nursery in August. 283 
Outlet to a Swamp. . — Illustrated. .298 
Ox Bow, How to Bend. Illustrated. .297 
Patents and Patent Departments.290 
Potato Bug in the West.290 
Poultry, Cramming.299 
Rat-trap, a Permanent.2 Illustrations ..300 
Shrub, The Tree-flowering Andromeda... Illustrated. .301 
Siphons and Water Pipes. Illustrated. .IDS 
Sour-Fodder Making in Hungary. Illustrated.. 297 
Strawberries, Some new Varieties.303 
Succulents as Decorative Plants.4 Illustrations . .301 
Swindling by Mail.290 
Transportation Problem—Steam on Canals. .111. .299, 300 
Walks and Talks Correspondence.289 
Walks and Talks on the Farm, No. 128—Harrowing 
Wheat—Red Root—Weight of Lambs—Mr. Croziers’ 
Farm and Farming.294, 295 
Wild Mustard, To Kill.291 
INDEX TO “BASKET,” OR SHORTER ARTICLES. 
2So|Lands in E. Va. 
Acrobats 
Ammonia in Peat.289 Learning Farming. 
Blight—Tiles. 287 Leaves, Value of 
Bloody Urine.313 Lock Nut &Bolt Co. 
Bones, Use for.287Hosing the Hair. 
Butter.Con volition.287 Manuscripts. 
.288 
.288 
.313 
.287 
.313 
.285 
Carp’ter’s&B’krr’sGuidc288Mapes’ Superphosphate.287 
Cattle Trade in N. Y.289,Merino Ram. .288 
Clay Pasture.313 Mule with Colt.287 
Clover, Effect.28SiNameless People.285 
Colorado Sheep Farm_287 Onion Grub.28S 
Colt, Lame.. .288:Parrots..288 
Conn. Board of Agri.287 Patrons of Husbandry.. .287 
Corn Cobs.313 Pea-Bug.287 
Cotton—Improvements. .289 Plaster, Price and Value.313 
.. 287 
289 
2S7 
286 
287 
2S7 
313 
Cribbing Horse.288lPonds, Artificial. 
Crop for Wet Soil.313 Potato-Rot. 
Crop Reports.287 Poultry Dealers. 
Dairying Question.......313’Practical Farmer.., 
Death of a Duchess.287|Preserving Eggs ... 
Death of Mr. Olm.286 Preserving Posts... 
Devon Herd Book.288 Propensity in Sheep 
Dick’s Success.313 Railway Horse-Powers. ..287 
Doubtful Case.288,Restoring Butter.313 
Draining Sandy Soil ... .313 R. I. Society.288 
Drains, How they Act.. .289 Rye for Pasture. 288 
Eggs for Hatching.287 
Emigration to Va. 288 
Epilepsy in Pigs.313 
Farm Students.28S 
Flatulence in Horses... .287 
Flax Crop.287 
Fowls, Protrusion in....313 
Fruit and Vegetables... .288 
Furnace for Wood.288 
Gas-lime, Value.313 
Grain Weevils.287 
Grasshoppers in Minn . .285 
Ground Bones...2S8 
Gypsum in Va.288 
Hail and Horticulture_287 
Hair, Stimulating.313 
Harrowing Question.313 
Hawks, to Catch. 313 
St. Joseph & Denver R.R.287 
Sawdust.287 
Sebastopol Geese.288 
Sheep, Best. 288 
Sheep Books..288 
Sheep for Ohio.313 
Sheep in Nebraska.284 
Spasmodic Colic..313 
Stable Floors.288 
State Fairs.289 
Steamed Food.313 
Stone Drains.288 
Street Manure.287 
Sundry Humbugs.285 
Swiss Colony .287 
Tan for Stables.287 
Tile Drains.289 
Vitality of Eggs.288 
Hollyhock Disease.287;Wartson Horse.313 
Horse Books. 289jWest, What Part.289 
How Books Sow Seeds. .288 
Indefinite.... .287 
Inflamed nook.313 
Irish Farming.288 
Wild Onion.313 
Wis. R. R. Decision.286 
Wool Waste Manure.286 
Yield of Roots.287 
Calendar for August. 
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PHASES OF THE MOON. 
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27 
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39 m. 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
NEW YORK, AUGUST, 1874. 
The American Agriculturist is for the whole coun¬ 
try. It is devoted, not to one section alone, but to 
East and West, South and North alike, and it aims 
to give such information as shall be useful and 
practical everywhere. In our wide country with a 
great diversity of climate, the ways and needs of 
farmers differ somewhat. The principles upon 
which they work, however, are the same every¬ 
where ; good cultivation, killing weeds, gathering 
manure, sowing good seed, making the most of the 
crops grown, treating the farm stock in the best 
manner, and practising economy, all bring about 
the same profitable results everywhere. We 
endeavor to teach principles, and to show our read¬ 
ers how they may adapt their practices to them. 
Just now is an excellent time to study a few of the 
first principles of good farming. There is as 
much leisure iu this month as a farmer usually 
enjoys. He should use this to take a rest. Haying 
is over, and fall wheat is harvested. Corn is laid 
by, and by the middle of the month oats and 
spring wheat will be cut. There is plenty of work 
to be done, but it can lie over a few days without 
damage, or those who must stay at home to take 
care of things cau attend to therfi. Every farmer 
who can, should go from home with his wife, and 
visit some other locality. The Western farmer 
should go East, and the Eastern one should go 
West, and both should exchange places for a few 
days with the Southern planter. By doing this, 
much valuable knowledge will he gained, and new 
ideas gathered. When he comes hack, he will 
probably think his own place the best he has seen, 
or will have found out how he can make it so. 
There will he less local jealousy, and each will 
learn that his brother farmers have all something 
to contend with. If there is the grasshopper or 
the chinch bug in one place, there is the Hessian 
fly or the army worm in another, and there is in 
each locality some drawback. The farmer who 
travels will soon learn that it is in ourselves and 
not in our fortune that we are thus or thus. He 
will come back more contented with his lot, more 
determined to make the most of the advantages 
he enjoys, and better able to do it than before. 
Hints about Work. 
Oats, although the season is backward, will soon 
be ready to harvest. They should he cut before 
they are dead ripe. When ripe they shell badly and 
many are lost. The straw is also better for feed 
when cut early. The use of damp rye straw for 
hands in binding, will save time as well as oats. 
Buckwheat may be sown the first week in this 
month, and yet escape frost. It is a crop which 
costs little to put in, and pays well for the cost. If 
injured by an early frost it is worth all the expense 
for plowing under. 
Corn should not be laid by while a horse can pass 
through the rows. A muzzle will prevent him from 
biting the stalks. The soil should be kept stirred, 
and not allowed to hake after a shower. Late 
weeds rob the crop as much as early ones. If they 
are allowed to ripen their seeds, they will do a vast 
amount of mischief. These should be removed by 
hand. No plow should he used to work corn at 
this late season. The roots now occupy the whole 
ground. Two inches of mellow soil on the surface, 
will keep the soil moist, and no deeper cultivation 
should be given. In rich prairie soils, and where 
fall pasture is scarce, rye may he sown in the rows 
at the last working. This will give valuable late 
pasture or early spring feed. But generally such 
stolen crops are better avoided. Pumpkins grown 
amongst corn are as had as weeds. Better have a 
portion of the ground prepared for such crops. 
Boot crops must not he neglected. They must he 
kept clean, and thinned out severely. Strap-leaf 
turnips may he sown early this month. Use plenty 
of seed, two pounds per acre, sown in drills 24 to 
28 inches apart, will not be too much for safety. 
150 lbs. of superphosphate, fine hone flour, or 
Peruvian guano near the seed, will greatly help 
the crop. With roots the start is the great point. 
Thin out to 12 inches apart in the row, when the 
plants are well established, and keep the ground 
free from weeds. Home grown 6eed is better 
than imported. 
Grass fields will he greatly benefitted by a top 
dressing of fine manure. If nothing better cau he 
had, a few loads of rich soil from roadsides or 
scrapings of the barnyard may he spread. It is 
poor economy to pasture meadows or young clover, 
good care at this season will strengthen the roots, 
and give a heavy aftermath which may he pastured 
by and by. 
Pastures need looking after. Bare and mossy 
spots should he harrowed, sowed with fresh seed, 
aud a dressing of lime and ashes or plaster, may 
be given. A bushel of salt per acre is often very 
useful. Weeds should be cut with the mowing 
machine, and gathered and burned. Brush should 
be cut close to the ground, with a short stiff scythe 
or a brush hook. 
Weeds should he kept down everywhere. Thistles, 
wild parsnips and carrots, mulleins and burdocks, 
in neglected corners and fence rows, should be cut 
up by the root, and the tops gathered and burned. 
Many weeds are now ripening their seeds, and if 
neglected will make work for many years to come. 
Braining may now be laid out for future comple¬ 
tion. Springy places should he staked, and the 
course of a drain that will carry off the water, 
should also be staked out. Swamps are now dryer 
than usual, and ditches may he dug comfortably. 
Throw out the muck on one side of the ditch only. 
Put it in heaps, and not in a continuous row, which 
would prevent surface water flowing into the ditch 
by and by. The muck will be dry before winter, 
and so will the ground. The muck can then be 
easily hauled at any time to the barnyard. Read 
Ogden Farm papers for last month once more. 
Saving Seed .—A large quantity of grass seed may 
be saved, by cutting the ripe bunches from clean 
fence rows, or patches which may have been left 
for this purpose in the meadows. Where any 
variety of grass grows unmixed with others, it 
should be left in this way. The grass may be'cut 
with a grass hook, tied in bunches and thrashed or 
rubbed out, and the seed saved in grain bags. This 
is a little thing, but hundreds of such little things 
