•4 02 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[November, 
Contents for November, 1874. 
Beans, Drcer’s Improved Lima. Illustrated. .423 
Bee Notes for November.410 
Boys and Girls’ Columns—Horse Trees—Hornets’ 
Hop—Aunt Sue’s Chats—Aunt Sue's Puzzle-Box— 
Marmots, Tame and Wild—Popping Corn—About 
Secrets—Puzzle Picture.. 6 Illustrations. .427, 428 
Bulbs, Buying and Planting.423 
Catalogues Noticed. 409 
Cauliflower, How to Grow.423 
Cows Compared, Ayrshire and Native.. 2 Illustrations.. 413 
Ducks as Layers, Pekin.418 
Ecrasenr, The . Illustrated. .417 
Farm Signal. Illustrated. An 
Fence, Hat Proof.2 Illustrations. .419 
Flowers, Abutilon—Boule de Neige. Illustrated. .421 
Flower Auctions,. New York.409 
Flower Garden and Lawn in November.403 
Flowers, Lindley’s Buddleya. Illustrated. .424 
Flowers, Preserving.424 
Fruit Garden in November.403 
Greenhouse and Window Plants in November.403 
Greenhouses, Heating by a Flue. Illustrated. .422 
Halter, How to Make. Illustrated. .418 
Horses, Various Breeds of. Illustrated .420 
Household Department—Useful Piece of Furniture- 
Household Carpentey — Home Topics — Soups 
. .5 Illustrations. .425, 426 
Ice Ponds, Temporary Dam for. Illustrated. Aid 
Kitchen Garden in November.403 
Leaves, Gathering . Illustrated. .416 
Market Reports for November.404 
Notes from the Pines—Grapes.422 
Ogden Farm Papers, No. 57—Farming on Paper- 
Clover—Soil Analyses—Deep Can System—Criticism 
—Sheep.. .■•..410,412 
Orchard and Nursery in November.403 
Plants, Coral Roots. Illustrated. .424 
Plants, Rose Mallows..... Illustrated . .421 
Poultry, Preparing for Market in France.419 
Rhubarb, Great Yield.423 
Roads in Winter. Illustrated. .401 
Sheep, Native Breeds of. 419 
Seeep Raising in Virginia.418 
Shrubs, Hydrangea paniculata grandiflora.423 
Slaughtering Time, Aids at.6 Illustrations. .418 
Snow Plow, How to Build. Illustrated. .412 
Stables, Ceiled.417 
Stack Bottom, How to Make a. Illustrated. .415 
State Fairs. 409 
Steamer, Portable Food. Illustrated. .416 
Trees, Method of Climbing..2 Illustrations. An 
Walks and Talks Cortespondence.409 
Walks and Talks on the Farm, No. 131—Pigs—Corn 
Fodder—Fat Cattle Show—Silesian Merino Lambs 
—Holstein Cattle—Sheep—Pigs—Wheat_’. 414 
Water Stored for Irrigation, Emptying.. .Illustrated. .412 
Work, Hints About.402 
INDEX TO “BASKET,” OK SHORTER ARTICLES. 
Advertisers and Readers, 
To.405 
American Garden.406 
Barley, Cultivation of . .408 
Beef Clubs. 407 
Bone and Blood Spavin. .408 
Bone-Dust. Shipment of..407 
Book on Diseases of the 
Horse.406 
Breed. Failure to.408 
Brick Machine.407 
Carbolic Acid in the 
Dairy.407 
Castings for Implements.406 
Cattle, Aphtha in.407 
Cheese Press. 408 
Colts. Half-bred. 408 
Compost Heaps. 407 
Curds. Floating.407, 
Dairy in Colorado.408, 
Death of an Editor . ...405 
Death of Mr. Bloomer.. .405 
Ditching Machine.408 
Exports and Imports_406 
Farmer’s Book, A.405 
Farms in the East, 
Abandoned.40S 
Feed, Scalding.408 
Field, Cover, and Trap 
Shooting.407 
Fodder.Preserving Green 409 
Food for Store Hogs, 
Cheap.,407! 
Fowls, Roup in.408 
Gardener, A Competent..405 
Grain, New Market for..408 
Guano for Grass.40S ! 
Harrow, A Perfect.407 
Horse, Noise in Abdomen 
of a.408 
Jersey Herd, Sale of.408 
Lands in Eastern Va.408 
Lands in Iowa.. .408 
Lands in Nebraska.408 
Land, Reclamation of_40S 
Lily, Choice Species and 
Varieties of..407 
Manure, Preservation of. 407 
Orange Culture, Florida.,405 
Phosphates, S. C .408 
Pigeons. 408 
Pigs, Sore Eyes.407 
Plaster, Preparation of. .408 
Plow, Swivel.408 
Potash in Cnmpost.406 
Power, Sweep orTread. .407 
Pump, Wiiat is a Good..405 
Receipts, Choice.407 
Replies, Delayed...... 405 
Roofing, Asbestos.405 
Roofing, Canvass.407 
Salsify.407 
Salt as a Fertilizer.408 
Salt, Pure..400 
Salt Upon Wheat.407 
Schoolmaster’s Trunk.. .405 
Sheep, Deterioration of. .406 
Sheep Fence. .407 
Sheep, Pasturing.407 
Stable for a Colt.40S 
Sundry Humbugs.405 
Texas Cattle Trade.408 
Toes, Eight on one Foot.407 
Trout in Hard Water_407 
'B'o Purify n Cistern.— “D. L, B.,” 
Morrisania, N. Y. The best plan, probably, to purify the 
water in a cistern is to put into it a basket, net, or sack, 
containing a bushel of fresh charcoal. If there is a filter 
in the cistern, it should be taken out and cleansed. 
Calendar for November. 
e 
| 
JJoston.NEng¬ 
land. N. York 
State , Michi¬ 
gan, Wiscon¬ 
sin, Iowa, and 
Oregon. 
N. Y.City. Cl., 
Philadelphia, 
New Jersey. 
Penn.. Ohio. 
Indiana, and 
Illinois. 
Washington. 
Maryland. 
Virginia.Ken¬ 
tucky, Missou¬ 
ri , and Cali¬ 
fornia. 
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PHASES OF THE MOON. 
MOON. 
BOSTON. 
N. YORK. 
WASII’N. 
ciia’ston 
CHICAGO. 
T>. 
New M’l) 9 
1st Quart 16 
Full M’n 73 
3d Quart. 30 
n. m. 
0 50 mo. 
9 10 ev. 
0 50 ev. 
1 45 ev. 
II. M. 
0 38 mo. 
8 53 ev. 
0 38 ev. 
1 33 ev. 
IT. M. 
0 26 mo 
8 16 ev. 
0 26 ev. 
1 21 ev. 
II. M. 
0 14 mo. 
8 31 ev. 
0 11 ev. 
1 9 ev. 
II. M. 
11 14 8th. 
8 4 ev. 
11 14 mo. 
0 39 ev. 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
NEW YORK, NOVEMBER, 1874. 
At the present time the course of the markets is 
closely studied. When to sell, is a serious question 
with farmers. Hitherto they have frequently had 
tlie mortification to see their grain pass from their 
hands at low prices, which have been brought 
about by combinations of speculators and dealers. 
These persons, as soon as they had secured the 
grain, have put up prices and cleared millions of 
dollars, which by right ought to have gone to the 
farmers’ pockets. At the present time the market 
has been influenced by false reports of enormous 
crops in Europe, and grain has been sold for deliv¬ 
ery several months ahead, at prices which will not 
pay the cost of raising it. The London Mark 
Lane Express, speaks of “low stocks at present 
with no room for decline, and that every exporting 
country complains bitterly of English rates.” 
This means higher prices, and if grain is not forced 
on the markets, we do not see how they can be 
prevented. Fortunately farmers are becoming 
better able to act in their own defence, and having 
learned to combine for this purpose, may set their 
own price on their products, and demand the fair 
value for their labor. Some commercial papers 
pretend that this is an improper thing to do ; that 
it is next to criminal for farmers to seta price upon 
the world’s food. That they should sell at the 
earliest moment their grain is ready for market, and 
take the current price for it. But what other pro¬ 
ducers do this ? None. All other producers fix 
their prices, and hold their produce for them as 
long as they are able. And this the farmer has a 
right to do. No other man may fix the price for 
the farmer’s labor. To do that is his own personal 
privilege. But to be able to watch his own inter¬ 
ests closely, and protect his privileges, the farmer 
must keep “ posted.” He must be a reading man. 
It’is by reading, more than by practical experience, 
that men become educated ; and a man’s education 
is not finished while-he lives. One’s own experi¬ 
ence is narrow. When one reads, he gathers the 
accumulated experience of hundreds or thousands. 
The farmer therefore must read papers. Ilis local 
paper, as a matter of course, should he read, be¬ 
cause every farmer should interest himself in liis 
own local affairs, and make his weight felt socially 
and politically. This is his duty to himself and to 
his neighbors. But in addition, he should read 
some paper in which he may get a general view of 
affairs in which he has an interest. The American 
Agriculturist located in a central point, with editors 
and contributors who are engaged iu agriculture in 
widely distant parts of the country, has the best 
facilities for giving a general view of agricuiiural 
matters of the greatest value to farmers every¬ 
where. It enters into no competition with local 
papers, but acts with and for them. And it is only 
as far as farmers read and study the best papers 
more and more, that they will be enabled to act in 
concert with each other, understandingly and 
effectively. In union is strength, but that strength, 
is useful only as it is wisely used. 
Hints tilt out Work:. 
The first work to he done, is to attend to the com¬ 
fort of the farm stock, neglecting none. Probably 
these have been neglected in the hurry of harvest¬ 
ing and storing crops. They should now be looked 
to. Every loose board upon the stables and sheds 
should be tightly nailed, the open cracks should be 
battened, openings in the eaves should he closed, 
windows and roofs repaired, broken floors made 
sound, and some extra feed provided. If fodder is 
short, it is economy to keep the stock warm and 
dry, and feed liberally before severe weather 
comes. Animals in good condition, will he able to 
stand some hardship in the spring, and come out 
better than those that are stinted now, and given 
extra care then. It is a difficult matter to bring up 
poor stock when spring is coming on. 
Horses. —Provide blankets for the horses. A 
warm blanket will save feed and loss of time by 
sickness. Avoid exposure to cold rains, and if 
caught in a storm, let the horses be rubbed dry 
before the blankets are put over them. Keep the 
stalls clean, and on no account allow nianure to 
gather beneath the horses’ feet. This injures the 
hoofs, and often produces cracked heels. Besides, 
it renders the air foul, and is very injurious to the 
animals’ eyes. In the effort to keep the stable 
warm, proper ventilation should not be neglected. 
The curry comb and brush should not lie idle ; 
their use invigorates the skin, and promotes health¬ 
ful secretions. 
Cows .—Milking cows will now need extra feed. 
On the whole, more value in milk will be returned 
from bran than from any other feed—not the light 
husks, but what is known as bran at country mills. 
A winter dairy well managed, may be made more 
profitable than a summer one. Dry cows should 
be kept in good condition. They are now storing 
up material for future profit, Tlie future value 
of the calf too, depends upon how the dam is fed 
before its birth. Bran is excellent feed for in-calf 
cows, and it is cheap now. It is well not to waste 
time in milking cows that give only a quart a day,, 
but it will he better to dry them off. 
Young Stock. —All young animals need liberal 
and kindly treatment, and watchful care. The 
farmer’s eye should ever be on the alert to discover 
the first sign of disorder, and when found, it should 
be remedied at once. 
Sheep. —No stock suffer more from damp close 
quarters, than sheep. They will winter better iu 
the open field, than in a low damp filthy yard. But 
they should be spared either of these inflictions. 
An open shed that may be closed in driving storms 
ought to be provided, with a roomy yard in which 
they may lie in fair weather. Oats and corn are 
both dear this season, and bran, rye, or buckwheat,, 
may be given with equal profit, A little variation 
of feed is good for sheep, but the changes should 
not be made frequently, or they will learn to look 
for it and become dissatisfied. Frozen grass or 
any cold watery feed is had for ewes that are to 
lamb early. 
Breeding Ewes, to lamb in April, should he put 
with the ram this month. Prom this time their feed 
should he gradually increased. 
Lambs, and yearling- ewes that are not to he bred 
from, may be put together and kept separate from 
the other sheep. If any of the flocks have tfte 
scours, a table-spoonful of a mixture of prepared 
