as the homologues of the branches in Opis/horchis s. str. I he main 
excretory vessels do not arise from these angles, but somewhat 
farther backward, at about the lower angle of the triangular widening 
of the tube (see fig. 4). 
Type: Clonorchis sinensis (COBBOLD) 1875. 
Clonorchis sinensis (COBBOLl)) 1875. 
(Synonym : Distomum innocuum BAELZ 1883.) 
Full grown specimens vary in length from 13 to 19111111. and in breadth 
from 3 to 4 mm. At the commencement of the period of sexual 
activity the body has attained 12 to 13 mm. in length and 2*5 to 3 mm 
in breadth ; such specimens are recognisable by their uteri in which 
the ova are comparatively scarce in number and loosely grouped, i.e 
with more or less wide empty spaces between the individual ova 
The oral sucker averages 06mm. in transverse diameter; the lowest 
figure 1 have found in one specimen (of about 60 measured) was 
0 52 mm., the largest which is not uncommon 0*63 mm.; usual 
measurements between 0*58 and 0-62 mm. The ventral sucker 
averages 0-47 mm. in transverse diameter ; lowest figure found in one 
case 0-39111111., highest figure observed once also 0-5211101.; usual 
measurements between 0*45 and 0*49 mm. The ratio of the suckers 
thus varies in the main between 15: 12 and 16: 12. The pigmentation, 
i.e. the deposit within the body parenchyma of numerous fine granules 
of a yellowish or brown substance, is very characteristic of this species 
• ometimes it is so little developed that the preserved worms appear 
white and the pigment granules are only detected in cleared specimens 
it tie microscope, yet may in other specimens assume such an 
extent that the parasites become perfectly opaque and of a rusty 
) ow, greyish, or brownish tint throughout. In cases of little 
Jfi . . tl0n ’ tbe granules accumulate more especially behind the 
of thThoH m thC S , ldeS ° f the P har ynx and at the posterior extremity 
the outhnes of^esticllT'-md^ 6 al T g ^ intestinal CaCCa ^ 
the testicles f 1 d Semmal rece Ptacle. The ramifications of 
the bodv • "f aU ^ l° n ^’ * n accordance with the greater breadth ot 
testicle the bnnH Unfrequentl y be recognised that in the anterior 
main stems. All f ° Ur ’ the P ostenor testicle from five 
em ,e 111 a bout one plane which runs parallel to 
