5i7 
3 - 1 hat all ashpits should be emptied, during the summer 
months, at intervals of not more than ten days. 
“ 4 - That the most strenuous efforts should be made to prevent 
children defaecating in the courts and passages ; or that the parents 
should be compelled to remove such matter immediately; and 
defaecation in stable middens should be strictly forbidden. The 
danger lies in the overwhelming attraction which such faecal matter 
has for house-flies, which latter may afterwards come into direct 
contact with man or his foodstuffs. They may as Vedeer* puts it, 
'in a very few minutes . . . load themselves with dejections 
‘from a typhoid or dysenteric patient, not as yet sick enough to be 
' in hospital or under observation, and carry tne poison so taken up 
'into the very midst of the food and water ready for use at the next 
‘meal. There is no long roundabout process involved.’ 
“ 5 - Ashpit refuse, which in any way tends to fermentation, such 
as bedding, straw, old rags, paper, waste vegetables, dirty bedding 
from the ‘ hutches ’ of pet animals, &c., should, if possible, be disposed 
of by the tenants, preferably by incineration, or be placed in a 
separate receptacle so that no fermentation could take place. If such 
precautions were adopted by householders, relatively few house-flies 
would breed in the ashpits, and the present system of emptying such 
places at longer intervals than, say, four to six weeks, might be 
continued. 
“6 The application of Paris Greent (poison) at the rate of 2 ozs. 
to one gallon of water to either stable manure or ashpit refuse will 
destroy gg per cent of the larvae. Possibly a smaller percentage of 
Paris Green might be employed with equally good results. 
“One per cent, of crude atoxyl in water kills ioo per cent, of fly 
larvae. 
" The application of either of these substances might, however, 
lead to serious complications, and it is very doubtful whether they 
could be employed with safety. Paris Green, at the rate of i to 2 ozs. 
to 20 gallons of water, is used largely as an insecticide for fruit pests, 
h does no harm to vegetation when applied in small quantities; but 
cat tle might be tempted to eat the dirty straw in manure which had 
MTX^deer, M.B. ‘Flies as sp^d^TTickness in camps.’ Medical 
Record, V 0 1. LTV (1898), PP . 429-430. 
t This substance is a definite chemical compound of arsenic, copper and acetic acid. 
