5 T 9 
“2. Scalophaga siercoraria. ' Dun ’ or ‘ Yellow Cow Fly.’ 
“This is a rather large yellow fly which abounds in the country, 
but is relatively scarce in the city of Liverpool. It breeds in cow 
dung, and was occasionally seen in some of the middens. It rarely 
enters houses, and is therefore of no economic importance. 
“ 3. Borborus equinus. 
“ A minute fly which literally swarms in stable manure all over 
the city. As it rarely enters houses or shops, it is of no economic 
importance. Fowls eat large numbers. It breeds in the faeces of 
the horse. 
“4. Stomoxys calcitrans. ' The Stable Fly.' 
“ This is a blood-sucking insect, and is one of the recognised 
carriers of Trypanosomiasis in tropical countries. In 1906 it was 
common in some parts of Liverpool, but this year it has been quite 
scarce. It breeds in fermenting horse manure and grass mowings. 
It sometimes enters houses and bites both man and his domesticated 
animals. Of little economic importance in Liverpool. 
“ 5 - Homalomyia canicular is. 
This species is often common in the dwellings of man, and is for 
this reason often mistaken for the house-fly. In Liverpool, however, 
it is by no means abundant, and not more than one per cent, of the 
flies captured in fly-traps are of this species. It breeds in hoise 
manure, and possibly also in the faeces of other animals. 
“6. Ant homy ia radicum. ' Root T ly ' or 1 Root Maggot. 
“ Closely related to the foregoing species, but not common in 
Liverpool. A few examples were captured in fly-traps; but no 
specimens were bred from refuse of any kind. 
" 7 • Homalomyia scalaris. 
" The larvae of this species were frequently seen in ashpit refuse , 
and a number of these flies were bred from human faeces. It is not 
a very abundant species, however, and so far as my investigations 
have gone, it has not been found very often in houses or shops. The 
larvae feed on all kinds of faecal matter, and are especially partial to 
human excreta ; they revel in privies, often congregating togethei on 
the shield board in hundreds. Cases of intestinal myiasis in man 
have been attributed to the larvae of this fly- 
