544 
fever are not described, but a warning is given not to neglect the 
premonitory signs, and among these are crossness of temper and 
melancholy * But the risk of falling ill of fever is said to be greatly 
increased by certain actions or habits. The “ causes ” of fever 
include : — 
(1) Violent fatigue (/co7ro<?).t 
(2) Extremes of temperature, t- especially chilled extremities and 
cold baths at unseasonable times.§ 
(3) Over-indulgence in food and drink.!! 
(4) Insufficiency of rest and sleep.* 
In addition to these definite dangers, the general tone of the 
treatise implies a strong recommendation to avoid taxing the body 
or mind by excess in any form. 
Now, with the exception of that prophylaxis which is the direct 
result of modern discoveries,** this advice is just that which is now 
given to those who dwell in malarious regions.tt If it be urged that 
it is unsafe to conclude that malaria is the disease which our writer 
had in mind, inasmuch as moderation is a good rule under any 
climatic conditions, the following points should be considered. 
Only in a highly malarious country can it be said that fatigue will 
bring on fever. Of course, fatigue may be the indirect cause of a 
feverish chill, but it is in malarious countries that the necessity of 
avoiding over-exertion, and the practical certainty of an attack 
should this rule be violated, become painfully obvious from repeated 
experiences. It is also remarkable that such stress is laid on 
keeping the hands warm. In a non-malarious country cold in the 
extremities can scarcely be considered a grave danger, but in a 
malarious region great care must be taken to avoid chill. It should 
also be noticed that the change of the seasons is regarded as an 
*129 c. 
+ I2 7 », E; 129 D. 
g 127 f h**v<rei 9 teal Sih TrepMPeoxt ) ; 129 D. 
8,23 Ai 126 F; i2 7 E; Cf. also ,3, , 
i * 1 * * " 4 “ 1 12 7 C, K ; , 2g A ; ,^9 D ; Cf. also 137 C. 
^29 D ( aypvTrviav ) ; 137 D. 
++S 8 ”r USe ° f qUinine and nios qui‘o-netting. 
Malaria and Manson Tropical Diseases (malaria). 
