1848 
THE CULTIVATOR. 
200 acres were Cultivated,) was 180 barrels, or from 
4 to 500 bushels per acre. That the average value 
for several years has been $1 per barrel. That the 
average cost of cultivating an acre of onions, does not 
exceed $75—leaving a net income from the land of 
$100 per acre. 
Seedling Potatoes. —See advertisement of Rev. N. 
S. Smith of Buffalo, in this number. 
A single grain of Barney, sown in a garden in 
England, in the spring of 1847, is said to have pro¬ 
duced 75 stems, 50 good ears, 20 indifferent ones, and 
1,795 grains of barley. The plant and its produce are 
preserved in the museum of the Royal Agricultural 
College. 
Artificial Stone. —It is said that a process has 
been patented in England for making artificial stone of 
every quality, from artificial granite to statuary marble. 
The invention is stated to be founded on a chemical 
analysis of the natural varieties of stone. It is made 
of flinty and siliceous grit, rendered fluid by heat, and 
poured into moulds till cooled and hardened. The ar¬ 
tificial stone has, as is stated, already been used for 
coping stone for variegated pavements for halls and 
rooms, stone ornaments—such as mouldings for friezes; 
also for grind-stones and hones. The invention is 
thought to be particularly applicable to the lining of 
cisterns and water-pipes—its vitreous qualities insuring 
cleanliness. The process of manufacture is said to be 
easy and cheap. 
Lime and Plaster. —In Scotland, where the climate 
is so much more moist than in the United States, plaster 
or gypsum is of little use, but lime is very important. 
Gypsum is of great utility in the dryer climate of Ame¬ 
rica ; but would not a parity of reasoning show that 
lime might be used to excellent advantage on our wetest 
soils? 
India Rubber. —It is well known that India rubber 
has been substituted for steel springs in rail cars and 
carriages. It is now found that railroad wheels, even 
for freight cars, are greatly improved if cast double, so 
as to admit a layer of india rubber between the two 
parts, one being within the other, which greatly lessens 
the heavy jarring occasioned by concussion on the rail. 
Smut in Wheat. —N. Simons, of Castile, N. Y., 
states in the Gen. Far. that he took six fine heads of 
wheat, and three of them he rubbed out and sowed with 
as many heads of smut. The product was two-thirds 
smut, as was found by counting the heads in the crop. 
The other three heads were sown on a clean place re¬ 
mote from the others • not a particle of smut was pro¬ 
duced. This experiment entirely accords in result with 
others, showing conclusively the importance of clean 
seed. 
Roots on Drained Swamp. —The Mark Lane Ex¬ 
press gives the result of an experiment made on the 
lands of Lord Stairs in Wigtonshire, on a morass which 
had in part for thirty years been cut over for peat, and 
sixty acres of which were found barely sufficient to 
pasture two cows and their calves. It was drained, 
pared, burned, limed, manured, and sown to oats, and 
yielded 40 bushels per acre. Next year it was top- 
dressed, with gravel and sand, limed, manured and 
plowed; a part sown to turneps, yielded 32 tons per 
English acre; and seven acres planted to potatoes 
yielded 460 bushels per English acre. 
Whey for Cows. —The Herkimer dairymen give 
their whey to the cows, finding it more profitable than 
to feed it to their hogs. Most cows eat it greedily. 
City Milk, —It is stated that the very unwholesome 
milk, which is so largely sold in New-York city, as 
u Pure Orange County,” &c., and produced by closely 
imprisoned cows, fed on distiller’s slops, may be known 
after a. little experience by its peculiar and unpleasant 
smell. It is believed that a large part of the mortality 
69 
among children in cities, is owing to the use of such de¬ 
leterious drinks. 
Wagon Grease. —Booth’s patent grease for rail¬ 
way cars, might be useful perhaps elsewhere, being 
composed of tallow 8 lbs., palm oil 10 lbs., soda Bb., 
heated with a gallon of water till nearly boiling, and 
constantly stirred till down to 70° Fall. 
PRICES OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS. 
New-York, Jan. 21, 184S. 
FLOUR—Genesee perbbl. $6.061—Ohio and Michigan $5,061. 
GRAIN.—Wheat, Western, per bu., $1.40—Corn, noithern, ?2a 
75c.—Rye, 90c.—Oats, 45«46c.—Barley 90c. 
BUTTER—Orange County, per lb-, 20«22c.—Western, dairy, 
14al6 c —Ohio 10al2c. 
CHEESE—per lb., 6a7e. 
BEEF—Mess, perbbl., $S.37|a$9.—Prime $5.37|a$6. 
PORK—Mess, per bbl., $ll.S7a$ 12—Prime, dull, at $7.75a$8. 
HAMS—Smoked, per lb.. 7a7^c. 
LARD—Per lb. Sa8|oy 
HEMP—Russia clean, per ton, $225a$235.—American dew- 
rotted, $120a$140. 
HOPS—First sort, per lb., 5a6c. 
COTTON—New Orleans and Alabama, per lb., 7al0c—Up¬ 
land and Florida, 7a8fc. 
WOOL—(Boston prices,) Jan. 20. 
Prime or Saxon fleeces, washed per lb. 45a50 cts. 
American full blood fleeces,. 40a45 “ 
“ three-fourths blood fleeces,. 35a3S l£ 
“ half blood do . 32a35 “ 
“ one-fourth blood and common,. 28a30 ‘‘ 
MOUNT AIRY AGRICULTURAL INSTITUTE. 
fllHE subscriber having rented the, Mount Airy Farm, the lale 
JL residence of James Gowen, Esq., with all its extensive and 
eligible appliances for the purposes of a Farm School, will remove 
his school, now the Duchess Agricultural Institute, of Duchess Co., 
N. Y., to the above place, where he will open for the summer term 
on the first Thursday of April next; after which it will be known 
as the Mount Airy Agricultural Institute. 
The winter term will commence on the first Thursday of Octo¬ 
ber. This farm, which is located on the Germantown road, 7 miles 
from Philadelphia, Pa , having been so long known as the model 
farm of the United States, the site being proverbially beautiful and 
healthful, a minute description is deemed unnecessary; suffice it to 
say, that it presents every inducement and de&irable facility for the 
establishment and maintenance of an Experimental, Practical and 
Scientific Agricultural Institute. 
The course of instruction will be such as to give the students 
every facility for acquiring a thorough knowledge of Scientific and 
Practical Agriculture, with the use of the best modern farm ma¬ 
chinery and implements, together with a select farmer’s library, 
including numerous Agricultural Periodicals. Instructions will also 
be given in all the collateral branches requisite to insure the great 
desideratum which it was the object of the founder and Principal 
to supply by an education commensurate with the exalted destinies 
of a landed interest. 
Chemistry and the other Natural Sciences receive particular at¬ 
tention—lectures with full experimental illustrations being con¬ 
nected with each course. The Zoonic course will commence with 
the Horse, a perfect skeleton of which being provided for illustra¬ 
tion. 
The best facilities are also afforded, that those who desire may 
here acquire a Commercial Education, to the end that they may 
lay the foundation in youth of a future life that shall be agreeable, 
healthful and useful. 
Fee tor the year, $200, payable semi-annually in advance. This 
sum includes Tuition. Board, Washing, Fuel, and Lights. An ex¬ 
tracharge of $12.00 per annum vidll be made for pupils not furnish¬ 
ing their own bedding and toilet furniture. The modern languages 
$10 each extra per term, as also drawing. 
This Institution is under the patronage of the American Agricul¬ 
tural Institute, the Farmer’s Club of the American Institute, and 
the Duchess Agricultural Society. 
For further particulars address JOHN WILKINSON, 
Principal of the Duchess Ag. Institute, Poughkeepsie, N., Y., and 
after the 20th of March at the Mount Airy Agricultural Institute, 
Philadelphia, Pa. 
REFERENCES. 
Jas. Gowen, Esq., P iilad., Pa., 
Robert Ewing, Esq., “ 
Zebedee Cook, Esq., N. Y., 
Thos. McElrath, Esq., “ 
J. D. Wilhardon, Esq., N. Y., 
Rev. F. A- Farley, Brooklyn, 
Sam’l Allen, Esq., N Y., 
G. A. Amaux, Esq., 
C. H. P. McLellan, Principal 
Po’keepsie Female Academy. 
Geo. Vail, Esq., Troy, N. Y. 
Benj. P. Johnson, Esq., Albany. 
H Weed, Esq., Newburgh, N.Y 
Cha’s. Bartlett, Principal Collegi¬ 
ate school, Poughkeepsie., 
Feb. 1, 1848—2t. 
Wm. A. Davies, pres’t of Far. & 
Manufac’rs Bank, Po’keepsie, 
M. J. Myers, pres’t Merchant’s 
Bank, Poughkeepsie, 
Rev. II. G. Ludlow, Po’keepsie, 
Rev. A- Polhemus,Hopewell,N.Y 
Rev. $. Mandeville, Lagrange, 
N. Y., 
Hon. Alfred Conkling, Auburn, 
Robt. Farley, Esq., Boston, Mass. 
Wm. C. Gibbs, ex-goveror of 
Rhode Island, Newport, R. I., 
Geo.W. Dobbin. Esq., Baltimore, 
R. W. Crookshank, jr., St. John, 
NewBrunswick. 
