1P48 THE CULTIVATOR; 289 
Answers to laa^Miries. 
domestic JEcoitosiay, II.eeip<8§ 5 &c. 
Yankee Brown Bread, 
Two quarts of Indian meal. 
Two quarts of rye meal. 
Three pints of milk or water. 
Two teaspoonfuls of salt. 
Half a pint of strong fresh yeast. 
Having sifted the rye and Indian meal into a large 
pan, mix them well together, adding the salt. Boil 
the milk or water in a sauce-pan, and when scalding 
hot pour it on the meal, and stir the whole very hard. 
If too stiff, add a little more warm water. Let 
it stand till it becomes oniy of a lukewarm heat, 
and then stir in the yeast. Knead the mixture into a 
stiff dough, and knead it long and hard lor at least half 
an hour. Then cover the pan with a thick cloth that 
has been previously warmed, and set it near the fire to 
rise. When the dough is quite light, and cracked all 
over the top, take it out of the pan ; divide the mass in 
half; make it into tw T o loaves; knead each loaf well for 
ten minutes or more; and then cover and set them again 
near the fire, for half an hour. By this time have the 
oven ready, put in the loaves directly, and bake them 
at least an hour and a half. This bread is considered 
very wholesome. 
Should you find the dough sour, you may rectify it by 
kneading in a teaspoonful of pearlash, dissolved in a lit¬ 
tle warm w r atei.— Selected . 
Small lieer. 
The receipt below for making small Beer for this 
hot weather, is too good to remain so little known. If 
you are disposed to insert it in your paper, you may 
promote the comfort of your friends and the cause of 
temperance. 
For making 3 gallons of Beer or 1 pail full,—Take 
1 quart West India Molasses, 
20 drops Oil Spruce, 
15 11 Oil Wintergreen, 
10 “ Oil Sassafras, 
Fill the pail w r ith hot w T ater—mix them well—let it 
stand until it has become blood warm—then add one 
pint yeast—let it remain 10 or 12 hours—bottle it—and 
in three hours it will be fit for use, and first rate. 
Beef-tea —When one pound of beef, free of fat, and 
separated from the bones, in the finely chopped state in 
which it is used for beef sausages or mincemeat, is uni¬ 
formly mixed with its own weight of cold water, slow¬ 
ly heated to boiling, and the liquid, after boiling brisk¬ 
ly for a minute or two, is strained through a tow'el 
from the coagulated albumen, and the fibrine. now be¬ 
coming hard and horny, we obtain an equal weight of 
the most aromatic soup, of such a strength as cannot 
be obtained, even by boiling for hours, from a piece of 
flesh. When mixed with salt, and the other usual ad¬ 
ditions by which soup is usually seasoned, and tinged 
somewhat darker by means of roasted onions or burnt 
sugar, it forms the very best soup which can in any 
way be prepared from one pound of flesh.— Liebig . 
Harvest Drink. —Ten gallons of cold water, 1 gal¬ 
lon of molasses, 1 qt. of vinegar, and h lb. of ginger, 
well stirred together, makes a refreshing drink. Try 
it. Spirituous liquors, are, as they ought to be, almost 
entirely banished from the harvest field. 
Artificial Ice. —It is said that a mixture of four 
ounces of nitrate of ammonia, and four ounces of sub¬ 
carbonate of sodium with four ounces of water in a tin 
vessel, will in three hours produce ten ounces of ice. 
To make a Minute Pudding. —Stir flour into boiling 
milk, to the consistence of a thin hasty pudding, and i n 
fifteen or twenty minutes it will be fit for the table — 
Serve with sauce, to suit the taste. 
“ Insect in Wheat.”— A. E., Cicero, N. Y. The 
insect forwarded by you is the Hessian fly, (cecidomyia 
destructor ,) in the flax-seed state. 
Cutting Straw and Cornstalks. —J. B. For cut¬ 
ting hay and straw we should prefer Hovey’s or Ste¬ 
vens’s cutter; for cornstalks, if they are to be mashed 
fine, we should prefer Wheeler’s. Prices from $10 to 
$25, according to size—the latter for horse power.— 
All kinds can be had at the Abany Agricultural Ware¬ 
house. 
Peaty Mould. —A. C. R., Walden’s Ridge, Tenn. 
We think the peaty mould you describe could hardly 
fail to be useful to soil deficient in organic matter, as 
yours appears to be. The specimen you sent lias been 
examined by Mr. Salisbury, assistant to Dr. Emmons, 
who finds it to contain in 100 parts,—organic matter 
39.80; water, 1170; silex, 40.10; alumina, peroxide 
of iron, with a trace of phosphates, 4.50; lime, 0.65; 
magnesia, a trace. 
Soiling Cows. —Erie county, N. Y. In answer to 
the question, which is most profitable, to feed cows in 
the yard or pasture them, through the summer ? we 
should say that where land is so cheap as it is in your 
j section, it would probably be cheapest to pasture them. 
As to the next question, which we should prefer for 
feeding, lucerne or clover ? we answer, lucerne—that 
is, we think lucerne best, but it is not so easily grown 
on most soils. Unless you have a very rich, deep, 
loamy soil, it would be safer to try clover. It will re¬ 
quire from a half an acre to an acre of land per cow 
according to the quality of the soil, and the productive¬ 
ness of the season. 
Patent Office Report for 1847.— G. P. P. On® 
hundred and fifty thousand copies of this report were 
ordered published by Congress for gratuitous distribu¬ 
tion. It is probable copies can be obtained by addres¬ 
sing any Senator or Representative. 
Locust-tree Borer. —Addison, N. Y. There ar© 
three species of borer which attack the locust-tree. 
They are sometimes very destructive, and kill many 
trees which stand in exposed situations. The best pre¬ 
vention of them which we have known, is to set the 
trees in compact form, making a dense grove of them. 
We have seldom seen those so situated much injured, 
except a few of the outside trees. If any one can sug¬ 
gest a better remedy we should be glad to hear it. 
Canker-worm.—C. C. H.. Cornwallis, N. S. The 
most common mode of preventing the ravages of this 
insect is tarring the trees. As they sometimes appear 
in the fall or early winter, if the weather is favorable 
and ascend the trees, where they deposite their eggs 
which are hatched the ensuing spring, the tarrino-” to 
be effectual, must be applied at that season as well as 
in spring. The tar is injurious to the trees, binding 
the bark and checking the circulation of the sap; to 
prevent which it is best to fasten round the tree a belt 
of old canvass or coarse cloth, first applying to this a 
coat of clay wash to prevent the tar from striking 
through, and afterwards tarring on that. The tar 
should be made soft by adding cheap oil, and should be 
applied with care every evening just before dusk, as the 
insects move principally in the night. Circular troughs 
of lead, in which oil is to be kept, have been contrived 
to put round the trees; but we are not able to say whe¬ 
ther they have been found so useful as to supercede th® 
use of tar. Plowing the ground around trees infested 
with canker-worms, late in the fall, and thus exposing 
the insects, many of which are then in the crysalis 
state, to the action of frost and air, has been found use¬ 
ful. 
