24 
THE CULTIVATOR. 
fruit was tin* largest and bust i had ever raised. Upon examiua 
turn, 1 louiid that tlie straw had Undergone a thorougli decomposi¬ 
tion. 
Another spot in the garden I trenched, to the deptli of two feet, 
and deposited in it manure from the horse stable six inches deep, 
and then tilled the trench with the soil which had been thrown out. 
On this bed were sown parsnip seeds; when the roots had attained 
the size ot a goose quill, 1 dug some of them up. The roots had 
passed straight down to the manure, and at his depth, which was 
eighteen inches, they were of two-thirds of their size at the sur¬ 
face ; the roots win n dug for the table, were rather long than large, 
and they were excellent. 
1 excavated another spot in my garden, three feet in diameter, 
and a foot deep, and threw in fresh manure from the horse stable, 
without any admixture of straw, to the depth of six inches, after it 
was pressed down. In the centre of the manure J placed a stake 
two inches in diameter, and completed the filling up with damp 
clay well stamped down with a spade. The stake was then with¬ 
drawn, and the hole, having the capacity of about a pint, was filled 
with garden mould ; in this were planted two kinds of corn. The 
stalks of these plants were not large; but, from the first., they 
preserved a healthy color, and each one produced a fair ear. The 
pariiculars of tins experiment were so arranged as to cause the 
gases evolved from the manure, to act with the greatest force on 
the tender roots ot the corn plants as they become developed ; and 
when we consider the effects of the extreme drought which pre¬ 
vailed last summer, and that the roots of these plants were con¬ 
fined to about a pint ot fertile earth, it is reasonable to suppose 
that t e manure supplied them with wholesome nourishment, ra¬ 
ther than concentrated poison. Jf coarse manure be but thinly 
covered over with earth, the soil will be too puffy and dry to pro¬ 
duce healthy plants; but I can assert from repeated observations, 
that the hottest kinds of manure, buried a few inches deep, warm 
tfie soil and give additional vigor to vegetation as well in the gar¬ 
dens as in the fieh.s. 
they will retire for shelter, from storms, the powerful rays of the 
sun, or for comforts which nature mysteriously dictates to animals. 
Symmetry being ot great importance, to obtain this, we do not al¬ 
low them to struggle through the first winter, without care or at¬ 
tention ; but provide them with a comfortable dry shed, allowing 
plenty of good straw tor bedding—regularly feeding them with 
good hay, ruia baga, or small potatoes, with plenty of water ad li¬ 
bitum. We allow to ten calves per day, one and a half bushels 
of ruta baga, or small potatoes, smashed with a pounder imme¬ 
diately before feeding them, in order that they may not. enter 
their stomach in a frozen state, placing as before, within their 
reach, turmeric, rosin, &c. of which they will take no more 
than nature requires. In the summer we turn them out on rough 
land, the winter following they require only ordinary care, lfjou 
think our method worthy attention, or likely to invite the attention 
of those interested inbreeding stock, or the means of improvement 
on the subject, you are at liberty to insert as you think proper, 
after correcting errors in expression, &c. &c. 
Yours with respect, THO’S MIDFORD. 
N. B. In the statement given of our experience in fattening 
hogs with apple pomace, I forgot to state that the six shoats 
included in tin number, were produced from one of the young 
sows which was killed, in the statement, making the credit 
greater than stated. I am fully convinced that apple pomace is as 
good to make pork as any material 1 am acquainted with, if ma¬ 
naged systematically. It is unreasonable to believe oiherwire, 
when we reflect on the quanthy of apples it takes to produce a 
bushel of pomace, leaving all their solid substance, seeds, winch 
produce an aromatic stimulant, pulp, core and peeling, when cooked 
with potatoes, &c. &c. and the acidity corrected by eating char¬ 
coal, of which they consume considerable. If any correspondent 
wishes more mimne particulars on the subject stated, a line ad¬ 
dressed to E Holbrook, Esq. New-York, proprietor of the estate, 
will be cheerfully attended to and given; being myself his super¬ 
intendent or manager of his farm. THO’S MIDFORIX 
MANAGEMENT OF CALVES. 
Hyde-Park, Feb. 15, 1835. 
Mr. J. Buel —Dear Sir—Having experienced the benefits of 
correspondence on subjects of Agriculture, and not noticing the 
subject of raising calves for stock fully explained in the valuable 
Cultivator—with a hope to promote a better information on the 
subj 'ct, pprimt me to state the plan we adopt, in which we have 
been very successful. 
E Holbrook, E-q. can now produce from twenty to thirty calves] 
(raised with li tie expense,) equal lor age, size, condition and fine 
symmetry, to any in tins country, say pure Devon, a cross with Devon 
and Durham, and Devon and Alderney, some of which Mr. Holbrook 
intends to send to Albany next fall for sale, when I shall feel ho¬ 
nored by a personal introduction by Mr. Holbrook. 
When the cow has dropped its calf we allow it to suck its mo¬ 
ther about seven or nine days, always careful to milk the cow dur¬ 
ing the time the call is sucking, to draw ofl’ the whole of her 
milk during this period, in order to promote a large, soft, fine bag, 
during the summer, for the dairy use; at tne end of this time the 
milk comes away freely, of a good color and quality; the calf is 
then taken from the cow, and with the finger learned to drink, al¬ 
lowing it about four quarts of skimmed milk night and morning. 
The milk should stand about twelve hours before it is skimmed, in¬ 
creasing till it is six weeks old ; from then till ten weeks old, about 
twelve quarts per day; when ten weeks old diminish the milk for 
two or three weeks, and increase then from twelve to fourteen 
weeks. During this period, hay must be placed between split, 
sticks, to invite them to eat, and which very soon gives them what 
is termed the cud; likewise place small troughs within their reach, 
containing wheat shorts, turmeric, powdered yellow rosin and salt 
—the turmeric possessing in a moderate degree an aromatic stimu¬ 
lant—the yellow rosin a weak diuretic; their combination prevents 
diseases to which ca'ves are subject, swelled legs, yellows, &c. 
I must remark, the skimmed milk given to calves, should be 
boiled, and stand till it cools to the temperature of milk from the 
cow: it is much better boded than warm only. Cold milk will 
cause a calf to purge. If this is the case, pot three spoonfuls of 
rennet into the milk, and it will stop it.. If bound, a little pork 
broth will loosen it. When turned out to pasture, they must 
be provided with an open dry shed, containing hay, &c. to which 
HINTS TO MOTHERS. 
Moreau, 2 ilh of 2d Month, 1835. 
I have been gratified by occasionally seeing productions of the 
female mind inserted in your truly valuable paper. I say gratified, 
because it is an evidence of the march of improvement. I there¬ 
fore take the liberty of forwarding to you a compilation from fe¬ 
male authors, and if you think them consistent, with ifie plan of 
your work, and worth attention, they may, perhaps, by publication 
be serviceable to some of our farmer’s wives. 
“ There's naught ocr higher progre.-s does preclude, 
“ So much as thinking we're already good.” 
Very respectf'ol y, &c. 
A FARMER’S WIFE. 
In the management, of domestic concerns, order and method 
should be observed, and all hurry and confusion ought, to be care¬ 
fully avoided. If we would begin at the riylit end of the thing, it 
must be in the morning of the day and in the morning o ? life ; ibis 
is an essential point. 
Sleep should never be considered as a luxury, but. as only a ne¬ 
cessary refreshment to invigorate the body and prepare it tor fur¬ 
ther exertions. Therefore the propriety and advantage of early 
rising should be by example and precept, fixed on tfie joutliful 
mind. 
When these ideas are fixed, and the praclice of them becomes 
habitual, business may be pursued without anxiety, and scolding 
and hurrying, which tends to irritate the temper, avoided. By pur¬ 
suing this method, the numerous cures in a farmer’s family are 
rendered easy and agreeable, and to a woman who has been pro¬ 
perly instructed, and who has a knowledge of her own concerns, 
it, is a source of peculiar satisfaction to know, that what she re¬ 
quires of her domestics, is consistent with the obligations they are 
under to her. 
The mistress who treats them with mildness and suitable atten¬ 
tion, is generally much better served, than she who treats them 
with harshness and severity. Their love and attachment create a 
desire to please, and these mutual interests contribute very much 
to the quietude and happiness of all around. 
By this mode of procedure, there is much time for literary pur¬ 
suits, which are highly important. 
