58 
THE CULTIVATOR. 
loads of good compost manure to the acre: thirty-five bushels I 
call a load: dropped into six heaps the distance of the cart and ox¬ 
en apart, each way, from centre to centre, will about do it. After 
dropping two rows of heaps, I spread the manure as even as pos- 
8 ble, then harrow it over twice with a light harrow, then roll with 
a heavy roller, which I consider very important, as the harrow 
partially moves the manure with the soil, the roller levels the sur¬ 
face, and presses the manure into the soil, which prevents in a great 
measure its wasting, either by evaporation or the wind. 1 then 
furrow very shallow, calculating my rows three feet and a half 
from centre to centre: as sward land should always be worked 
lengthwise of the furrow, it is not necessary to furrow but one 
way, as ail harrowing, ploughing, and hoei< g the crop, should be 
done lengthwise, so as not to disturb the sod. If I have a plenty 
of manure, I then drop into the furrow in the hills, about eighteen 
inches a part, a smaP quantity of manure. In dropping the corn 
(a very nice operation) after levelling the manure with my foot, 1 
strew from six to eight kernels lengthwise of the hill, m nearly a 
straight line, making the hill about ten inches long. The advantage 
of having the corn in a line is, you can pass with the plough or 
cultivator, (the latter I consider much the best) rear the corn, 
without disturbing it, which I consider very important. At the 
first dressing, I pa-s twice in a row with the cultivator, taking care 
to shave close to the corn eacli time, then follow with the hoe, 
and chop around the corn, for the purpose of killing the weeds, and 
loosening the sod; taking care not to draw any earth up. At the 
second and third diessing, I pass with the cultivator or plough within 
a mut eight inches of the corn, and chop with the hoe as before, 
earthing up a very little, say about one inch each time, taking care 
to thin out the weakest plants, leaving from four to six in each hill. 
I ■ mediately after the la t dressing 1 sow about one pound of tur¬ 
nip sped to the acre. I will statesome of the advantage- of planting 
at the time of plunging. You make clean work, (as the old saying 
is among farmers) by beginning on the further side of the field, all 
the carting of manure and passing, will be on the grass, which is 
easier and better, than passing over ploughed land. Likewise at 
that season of the year, cattie aie generally weaker than at am 
other time, therefore, ploughing one day, and planting thenet, 
relieves them very much. Also by planting immediately after 
ploughing, the corn will get the start of the weeds, particulaily, 
if if has been soaked twenty-four hours in a weak solution of nitre, 
and then mixed with ashes, so as to separate freely before planting. 
I plant the early twelve rowed kind, which I name the Phinney 
corn, having first obtained the seed from E. Phinney, Esq. a first 
rate farmer in the town of Lexington, which I consider the best I 
ever planted, although I presume I have planted twenty different, 
kinds, rliat I have received from different parts of the country. The 
ears are long, the kernels well set, and the cob better filled out 
than any other kind I ever saw. Take I wo ears of equal lengths, 
one a twelve, the other eight rowed, the twelve rowed ear will 
contain nearly a third more shelled corn than the eight. The stalks 
are very small and short, particularly the tops; consequently the 
ground is not so much shaded, v\ hich is a great advantage to the 
turnip crop. 
The practice of spreading the manure on the sod, before plough¬ 
ing. I do not approve of. 1 give my reasons: in 13 48 or 9, I plant¬ 
ed a field of about four acres, in the way and manner I have de¬ 
scribed, except a strip or band about two rods wide through the 
middle of the field, on which I spread the same kind and quantity 
of manure before ploughing, that I did on the other; and the al¬ 
ter management was the same as the rest of the field. You could 
ece the difi'eience in the corn, in every stage of its growth. Come 
to harvesting, the ears were not so large nor so well filled out. 
The next spring I sowed the field down to crass without disturbing 
the sod: the seed took well, a d I had a fine crop for several year# 
after. For two or three years after, ihc grass was smaller on the 
strip where the manure was ploughed in, after which you could not 
perceive much difference in the crop. The experiment led me to 
observe more particularly the difference between spreading manure 
on or near the surface, or burying it deep. 1 am aware that it L 
said hy some, and some very good pract cal farmers too, that you 
cannot bury animal iiismme too deep: that the gases will alway 
rise to the surface, which I will admit they do in some measure; 
but the juices, the most important part, which way do they go? up 
or down? 1 say down: and a good ways down, in seme soils. For 
instance, wlieie a large heap of manuie lies over winter in the field, 
aher moving the same in the spring, if you take it up, and then 
i manage the spot the same as other parts of the field, without plough¬ 
ing or putting on any manure, you will have a large crop. On the 
j other hand, if you plough the spot deep, after moving the heap of 
j manuie, the crop will be small, comparatively speaking, unless you 
j manure the same as you do other parts of the field. 
Nov/, Mr. Editor, if any of your subscribers will try my method 
]of raising Indian corn, with a good kind of seed, on a toletable 
guod soil, and manage the whole process skilfully, in a good Ims- 
bandlike manner, and the season should he as favorable as the last 
was, if he don’t raise from 75 to 100 bushels of corn to the acre, 
and iCO bushels of turnips, bes’des pumpt ins and beans if lie plants 
them, I will tel! him bow to make compost and m nage bis field 
next season, so that be can cut bis two tons of hay to the acre, fi r 
three or four years to come; which will more than pay him lor the 
trouble of reading this and trying tiie experiment. 
DANIEL CHANDLER. 
B -, March 16th, 1835. 
N. B. If you plant fallow ground, either spread the manure on 
the furrows, or harrow it in, or put the corn under the dung. 
D. C. 
House 
'Bo make Yankee Bread .— Take two measures of Indian and one 
of Rye meal, mix with milk cr water, to the consistency of stiff 
hasty pudding, and add yeas'—bake in iron pans or iron kettles 
four or five hours. Eat w ith fresh butter or other food, and if w bile 
warm the belter. Yankee bread is very gond or very bad, accord¬ 
ing to the manner in which it is made. We commend it to i.ys 
peptics. The Indian meal should be either bolt- d or sifted. 
Rhubarb Pies .—Gather a bundle of the leaf-stocks, quantum 
suj)i‘ it— cut off' the leaf and peel the stock of the thin epidermis— 
cut in quarter inch pieces, and lay them into the crust—cuter well 
with sugar, and ado nutmeg, orange-peel and spice to tasie. The 
flavor is equal, and many deem it preferable, to goosebenie#. The 
pie-plant is perennial, herbaceous and very Jiaruy. A dozen plants 
will afford a family a constant supply. 
Spruce E'er .—Take three gallons of water, of bicod warmth, 
tlnee half pints of molasses, a table spoonful of essence of spruce, 
and the like quantity of ginger—mix well together with a gill of 
yeast; let stand over night, and bottle in 1 be motning. It will be in 
good condition to drink in twenty-four hours. It is a palatable, 
wholesome beverage. 
I was at old Fort-Hunter, on the Su quehannuii, above Harris- 
burgh, in 1828. The highly respectable owner of this beautiful 
situation, Coi. M’Allister, a gentleman of science and refined ob¬ 
servation, treated my fellow-travellers and myself with great cour¬ 
tesy, and showed us some household conveniences worthy of imi¬ 
tation, and among others, his Milk-house, Smoke-house and Clo' hes- 
Iino. I thought much of these, and have in part profiled by my 
observation. That tho readers of ihe Cultivaior may profit also 
tiy these improvements, I will b iefly detail them in part. 
The Milk-liouse was built in ihe north-east side of a slope, near 
the well and not far from the mansion. It was composed of stout 
stone walls, and the roof, which rose 6 or 8 feet above the surface 
of the ground, appeared to be covered with earth or tile, and was 
deeply shrouded with the scarlet trumpet creeper, (Bigiibnia radi - 
cans.) then in splendid bloom. The interior of the house, princi¬ 
pally under ground, was fitted up with cistern-, in which water 
stood nearly to the tops of the pans of milk, which were arrang- 
• d in them. The liou-e was entered hy a flight of steps on tIre 
south, and there was a window on the north, which could be open¬ 
ed or darkened at pleasure, to give ventilation. Fur want of a na¬ 
tural spnng, which manf Pennsylvanians consider almost indispen¬ 
sable in a milk bouse, tlie water was conducted in a pipe from trie 
weil-pump, and after filling the cisterns to a certain height, passed 
ofl’at the opposite side. The object was to obtain a cool tempera¬ 
ture, in tlie beat of summer, which greatly facilitates the sepera- 
tion of the cream from the milk, and this ohjec-t was amply effect¬ 
ed, with the labor of working occasionally at the well-pump. 
The Smoke-house was a wooden octagon building, perhaps 16 
