THE CULTIVATOR. 
April, 
so poor that ten acres but keeps a cow, and that on 
grasses so innutricious that she needs after all bone- 
dust, ashes, salt and gypsum to keep her from sickness? 
Put these things on the land' A compost of 5 bushels 
of ashes unleached, 4 of oyster shell lime, 3 of cheap, 
agricultural salt, 2 of bone-dust and 1 of gypsum, to 
the acre, would prevent the bone-sickness, and more 
than pay the expense, in the increased productiveness 
of the land. 
Now, Mr. Editor, if you approve of the foregoing, 
as an answer to Mr. T.’s inquiries, or if you believe it 
suggestive of anything that may be beneficial to the 
farmers of old dairy pastures, you are at liberty to 
use it as you please. Truly yours, J. A. Nash. 
Farm Books—Good Suggestions* 
There is one subject of interest to farmers, upon 
which, (though it be a little hackneyed,) I will oven 
venture a few comments. This subject is none other 
page you will use to note down the proceedings and 
remarks thereupon; and the next leave blank for the 
purpose of chronicling the results at the end of the sea¬ 
son, together with what comments yotir observation 
may prompt. Thus proceed through the farm, until 
every lot and section shall have been provided for. 
The next labor will be to make out a time table, al¬ 
lotting a fixed time to every operation of the season, 
and a labor to every day. This accomplished, you 
will possess as complete a plan as ever Bonaparte drew 
of a campaign. It is true that the allotments of the 
time table will, of necessity, be varied a little as the 
season progresses, on account of the weather and unfore¬ 
seen interruptions. Nevertheless it is a valuable gene¬ 
ral guide. You will now own a book of reference which 
will be of invaluable service, not only for the present 
year, but for every future one ; as it will contain plans, 
results, facts and deductions, which will form a safe 
basis for practical improvements, and a sure start ooint 
than the oft proposed, yet seldom practiced, projoct of 
preparing, during the leisure time of winter, detailed 
plans for the year’s campaign. The benefits of such 
practice have been often urged upon the attention of 
agriculturists ; yet, to secure the adoption thereof, there 
will be needed “ line upon line and precept upon pre¬ 
cept.” Plans upon which much thought has been ex¬ 
pended, and which have been matured by reflection, 
possess as much superiority over the hastily concocted 
schemes, begotten by present necessity, as does ripened 
over the wind-fallen fruit. 
AH soils, whose fertility is not inexbaustablc, require 
a judicious rotation of crops, in order to produce the 
most profit; that is, render to the tiller the largest quan¬ 
tum of pleasure, and increase the capacity for the pro¬ 
duction of food. Such a rotation requires reflection; a 
thorough system, and a forethought which shall reach 
a few years into the future. These requirements can¬ 
not he met by hurried calculations ; and the plans has¬ 
tily devised, will most frequently prove to be ill de¬ 
vised. 
The necessity for forming calculations, when the time 
for executing them has arrived, leads straightway to 
confusiop—greatly impairs the energy of execution; 
and makes the farmer a slave, with hi3 work for a dri¬ 
ver. 
In view of these, and a variety of other considera¬ 
tions, I would say to you, friend farmerj procure a 
blank book of goodly size, in which, as a frontispiece, 
place an accurate.map of your farm, marked off in lots 
and sections, regularly numbered and lettered. Thus 
fortified, devote the first page to lot no. 1; reflect upon its 
present condition, the manner of its cultivation, the char¬ 
acter of the crops which it has produced, &c., <&c., and 
after due deliberation, decide upon the crop which you 
wish it to bear. This done, study the capacities of the 
soil, and the requirements of the crop; bring to bear 
your whole fund of experience and stock of knowledge, 
otherwise acquired. Lay down a course of culture, inclu¬ 
ding tillage, manuring and after cultivation, with all the 
concomitants: then calculate and affix the dates at which 
the various processes shall be performed. The next 
for progress. J. G. K. Dry den, N. Y. 
Pennsylvania State Ag. Society. 
The annual meeting was held at Ilarrisburgh, Jan. 
17, when the following officers were elected: 
President — Frederick Watts. 
Vice-Presidents —Isaac B. Baxter, Joseph R. Ingersoll, 
James Owen, Algernon S. Roberts, Robert T. Potts, Abra¬ 
ham R. Mellvame. William Stavely, James Everhart, John 
Strohm. John P. Rulherford, Amos Knapp, Geo. W. Wood¬ 
ward, Augustus Lukenbaugh. William Jessup, II. N. McAl¬ 
lister, Jacob S. Haldeman. William Hieser, John S. Isett, 
John McFarland, John II. Ewing, John Murdock. William 
Martin, sr., William Waugh, William Bigler, James Miles. 
Additional Members of the Executive Committee —John S. 
Evans, A. O. Hiester, Isaac G. M’Kiuley, William Bell, Si¬ 
mon Cameron. 
Corresponding Secretary —A. L Elwyn. 
Chemist and. Geologist —S. S. Ilaldemaii 
Librarian—David Mtunuia, Jr. 
Premiums were awarded on winter wheat, for 5i£ 
bushels per acre on seven acres—for 158 "bushels and 
7 quarts corn per acre, and for 43| bu. barley per acr8. 
The treasurer reported that the receipts for the past 
year exceeded the payments by $6,058,64, which, with 
the profits of the previous years, gives the Society a 
fund of $13,069,64. —.©=— 
Standard Weight of Grains. 
Messrs. Editors —Will you give a list of weights 
of grain, &c. r as they are by law established. I see in 
the Cultivator for March last, page 07, a list of weights, 
in which Indian corn was set down at fifty-six pounds 
to the bushel. If that is the lawful weight for the bush¬ 
el, I have been badly shaved, for I have sold sixty 
pounds for a bushel for some years. Wm. E. Potter. 
The Standard Weight of Grains, according to the 
Revised Statutes of this state, is as follows : 
Wheat,. 
Legal weight. 
.60 lbs. .. 
Ordinary weight. 
Rye. . 
. 56 “ 
. 56(o56 “ 
Barley,. 
. 48 “ ., 
.... . 44 to 56 ,k 
Oats.. 
. 32 “ .. 
. 28 to 44 w . 
Indian Corn_ 
........ 56 “ . 
We understand,- 
however, that Indian coni is usually 
purchased in this market, and"generally throughout the 
state, at the rate of sixty lbs. to the bushel, hut. that in 
the city of New-York the legal weight, of 56 lbs. pre¬ 
vails among dealers. As the price in New-York for 56 
lbs. regulates the price per bushel in all parts of the 
state, we can see no reason why the legal weight should 
not prevail throughout the state. The present custom, 
it appears to us, works great injustice to the farmer. 
