58 LOGGING 
reduction must be accomplished through other than mechanical 
means, chiefly through organization and education. 
There has been a marked advance, in recent years, in ''First 
Aid" facilities in all forest regions. This has taken the form of 
training one or more men in each crew in first aid procedure and 
in giving general instruction to all workmen at occasional inter- 
vals. "First aid" medical kits also are provided on most opera- 
tions, and an injured employee now receives some form of simple 
surgical treatment pending his transfer to a point where skilled 
help may be secured. 
MEDICAL ATTENTION 
Many logging companies now provide medical service for their 
employees and, in some cases, hospital facilities, especially when 
the logging operations are within reach of the manufacturing 
plant. The latter practice is quite universal where the operator 
is both a logger and manufacturer, and controls the town in which 
the manufacturing plant is located. 
The medical service is supported wholly or partially by fees 
which are collected from the employees. These fees provide 
medical attention for the workman and his family for ordinary 
ailments and for accidents. As a rule, a hospital fee designed to 
cover the cost of board is charged for those who use its services. 
The medical department also supervises camp sanitation, in 
addition to its regular duties. 
BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE TO CHAPTER III 
Industrial Accident Commission, C'alifornia: Logging and Sawmill 
Safety Orders, effective March 15, 1917. The Timberman, Feb. 1917, 
pp. 48T to 48X. 
Industrial Insurance Department, State of Washington: First Annual 
Report, for the twelve months ending September 30, 1912. Olympia, 
Washington. 
Pratt, C. S.: Washington Workmen's Compensation Act is Successful in 
its Operation. The Timberman, August, 1912, pp. 74-77. 
Sparks, J. E. and Forest, E. H. T.: Lumbermen's Safety First — First 
Aid Manual. Pub. for Industrial Dept., International Comm. of Y. 
M. C. A , Association Press, New York. 
State Safety Board of Washington: Safety Standards for Logging. 
The Timberman, April, 1920, p. 45 to 48. 
U. S. Dept. of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics: Workmen's Compensa- 
tion Laws of the United States and Foreign Countries, Bui. No. 126, 
Washington, Dec. 23, 1913. 
