102 
LOGGING 
the sawyers being responsible to the logging boss or to a con- 
tractor instead of a saw boss; or two or three saw crews may be 
in charge of a sub-foreman, called a "chipper and notcher," who 
notches trees for felling, marks off the log lengths, and keeps a 
record of the amount cut by each crew. The duty of the sawyers 
is to fell the timber and to cut it up into logs. 
In Maine, felling often is in charge of a sub-foreman called 
the "head chopper" who is the boss of a yarding crew, which 
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Diameter of Trees Breast High 
By permission U. S. Forest Service. 
Fig. 19. — Graph showing the Effect of Slope on the Output of FeUing Crews. 
Inland Empire. 
includes two fallers, the swampers, teamster, sled tender and 
skidway man. The head chopper notches the trees, lays off the 
log lengths and directs the work of the yarding crew. 
On the Pacific Coast notching, felling and log-making may be 
performed by separate crews. A notcher, who selects the trees 
to be felled and makes the undercut, is assigned to each yarding 
crew. Two fallers then cut the timber and the notcher marks 
off the log lengths for the guidance of the buckers who follow. 
The latter work singly, and two or three are required for each 
