302 
LOGGING 
Distance 
Quantity 
Cost per cubic 
yard 
Feet 
100 
200 
300 
400 
600 
Cubic yards 
48.0 
34.0 
26.6 
22.0 
16.0 
Cents 
8.75 
11.50 
14.25 
17.00 
22.50 
Cars with Animal Draft. — Horse-drawn dump cars, ranging 
in capacity from 1 to 3 cubic yards, may be advantageously 
employed where large quantities of earth are to be moved for a 
distance of several hundred feet. They are generally run on 
16 or 20-pound steel rails, with 6- by 6-inch by 5-foot unballasted 
ties spaced about 4 feet, center to center. The cost of laying 
such a track averages $100 per mile, exclusive of the value of 
the material. 
A dump car with a capacity of 2 cubic yards weighs about 
1 ton and holds about 5400 pounds of earth. A horse can pull 
a loaded car on a level all day, and can go up 4 per cent grades 
occasionally, if frequent rests are given. The hauling ability 
of heavy horses pulling cars up different grades is approximately 
as follows : 
Grade 
One horse 
Two horses 
Level 
1 per cent. . . 
2 per cent .... 
3 per cent 
4 per cent 
Cubic yards 
2.00 
1.10 
0.64 
0.37 
0.18 
Cubic yards 
5.0 
3.0 
2.0 
1.5 
0.75 to 1.10 
When wages are 15 cents and horse hire 10 cents per hour a 
2-cubic-yard dump car drawn by one horse will move approxi- 
mately the following yardage daily: 
Distance 
1 
Quantity 
Cost per cubic 
yard 
Feet 
1000 
2000 
3000 
4000 
Cubic yards 
85 to 90 
60 to 65 
35 to 40 
20 to 25 
Cents 
0.17 
0.18 
0.19 
0.20 
