INCLINES 335 
former being most frecjuently used on short lines although it 
is sometimes used on long ones. The one-cable system has 
a one-drum hoisting or lowering engine placed near the head 
of the incline, by which the cars are dropped down or pulled 
up the grades. It sometimes is placed at the summit and 
is used to raise cars up to the top of the incline and then 
lower them on the opposite slope. In some cases logs are 
carried over more than one divide l)y using two or more rais- 
ing and lowering machines. On an Oregon operation^ where 
two ridges were crossed the logs were first drawn up a 15 per cent 
incline 1500 feet long, and then lowered down a 20 per cent grade 
for 3000 feet. At the base of the latter grade the cars were 
picked up by the cable from a machine near the second summit 
Second Operation Straw Line holds Car 
Main Line attached to Rear End of Car 
„„ 6"x 8" Hoisting Engine ^ju_^ --- — 
48 Sheave_____cJ TT^ ISOOpt 
48"Sheave-q^-§i£g.'" ^'"^ ^■'°'" Gypsy Head 
Roll way 
, ^^_ "qOOOf^' 
1500 Ft i"^ ^0OOFt»^~~^ First Operation Main Line hauls Car 
'°y' tn Ton nf Inplinf» 
to Top of Incline 
Fig. 112. — An Incline System used to transport Timber across Two Ridges. 
and hauled up an 8 per cent grade for 1000 feet, and then lowered 
on an '8 per cent grade for 1500 feet. The engine at the woods 
terminus was a 9- by 10-inch yarding engine, carrying 4500 feet of 
|-inch cable which passed through a 48-inch sheave block at 
the summit, and then was brought back to the foot of the incline 
and attached to the draw bar of the logging car. The car was 
drawn to the summit of the first incline where it was held 
by a small line from the donkey which was attached to the 
rear drawhead of the car. The main cable was then transferred 
from the front to the rear drawhead, the small cable released and the 
car lowered to the foot of the grade. Here it was picked up by the 
second engine which pulled the load to the top of the second in- 
cline and then lowered it to the roadway. The actual time re- 
quired from one end of the double incline to the other was about 
20 minutes, a round trip requiring one hour including loading 
and unloading the incline car, which was a standard set of logging 
trucks equipped with safety bunks. An independent brake 
control was provided by a tender car made from a single set of 
1 See Fig. 112; also The Timberman, May, 1915, p. 48A. 
