366 LOGGING 
Capacity. — The output per day of a given type of loader is 
dependent largely on the skill of the operator and the loading 
crew, provided logs are at hand and the supply of empty cars is 
adequate. The daily output may be as low as from 30,000 to 
40,000 board feet and again may rise to nearly 300,000 board feet. 
For short logs the swinging-boom base-control type of loader is the 
more active and under average conditions may load from 100,000 
to 130,000 board feet daily 
SPECIAL LOADING DEVICES 
A number of special devices are used for loading large logs on 
cars, especially in the Pacific Coast region. 
The "Gin-pole." — This is a modification of the crosshaul, a 
yarding engine being substituted for horses. A 1-inch loading 
cable passes through a block attached to a mast or gin-pole 
about 60 feet in height, which is set in the ground on the side of 
the track opposite the landing, and is thoroughly braced with guy 
ropes. 
The logs are loaded from a landing along the railroad to which 
they are brought by a yarding engine, road engine, or swing 
donkey. Landings are built level with the car bunks and are 
made from 40 to 300 feet long, but they usually are about 120 
feet long to accommodate two 60-foot logs. They may be made 
of a number of skids from 15 to 18 inches in diameter, placed 
about 6 feet apart at right angles to the railroad track, and 
supported on cribwork; or a large log may be placed on the 
fore part of the landing parallel and next to the track and from 
this the main skids supported on a cribwork run at right angles. 
The rear of the landing may be at a lower level than the part 
nearest the track. 
Where top loads are put on cars a " lead log" is placed parallel 
to the tracks on the side opposite the landing. It projects 
slightly above the top of the car bunks and in order that the 
direction of pull may always be at right angles the loading cable 
is made to pass through the lead blocks which are attached to 
this log. Where a lead log is not used it is customary to set up- 
right posts 20 feet apart along the track opposite the landing. 
These are not as convenient as the former because their use 
makes it necessary for the engineer of the road engine tp always 
leave the logs opposite them. 
