414 
LOGGING 
woods. On small streams log drivers are housed in log camps 
or in tents, while on river drives the men frequently live in a 
house boat or a tent called a "wanigan, " which is mounted on 
a scow or raft and floated down the stream as the work proceeds. 
Tents on shore are also frequently used where facilities can be 
provided for moving them in wagons or in boats. 
CONDUCT OF THE DRIVE 
The Drive on Small Streams. — Drives usually start on the 
upper courses of small streams where the logs have been "banked" 
Fig. 147. — A Log Driving Crew at the Landing on a Small Stream waiting 
for a Head of Water. New Hampshire. 
in the stream bed, or else scattered over the surface of some lake 
or pond near its mouth. The "banking ground" is often above a 
splash dam which furnishes sufficient water to carry the logs 
down to the rear of another dam or to the main stream on which 
they are floated to the mill. 
As soon as the ice has gone out sufficiently to clear the stream/ 
^ Sometimes the ice does not break up as early on lakes and large streams, 
when there is only a slight current, as it does on swift water, and in such cases 
a channel may be made through the ice in order to start the drive at the 
earliest possible date. 
