TERMS USED IN LOGGING 473 
Bottom, n. The lower tier or layer of logs in a joint, usually fastened to- 
getlier by boom poles and pins. (E. C.) 
Bottom loader. See Ground loader. 
Bottom sill. See Mudsill. 
Bow man. A log driver who sits in the forward end of a bateau. 
Box, V. See Notch. 
Box, n. Sec Undercut. 
Bracket boom. A stiff boom, three or four logs wide, the logs being fastened 
together by short boards placed cro.sswise and spiked, or by transverse 
poles fastened with wooden pins, withes, chains, or spikes. (Gen.) 
Bracket gate. See Needle gate. 
Brail, v. To fasten logs in brails. 
Brail, n. A section of a log raft, six of which make an average tow. (L. S.) 
Syn.: block. (S. F.) 
Brake sled. A logging sled so constructed that, when the pole team holds 
back, a heavy iron on the side of each runner of the forward sled is forced 
into the roadbed. (N. F.) 
Brand, n. See Mark. 
Break in a landing, to. To roll logs from the landing into a stream. 
(R. M. F.) 
Break out, to. 1. To start a sled whose runners are frozen to the ground. 
(N. W., L. S.) 
2. To open a logging road after heavy snowfall. (N. W., L. S.) 
Breastwork log. See Fender skid. 
Briar, n. A cross-cut saw. (Gen.) 
Bridle, n. 1. A device for controUing the speed of logs on a skid road. It 
consists of a short rope with two hooks at one end, which are driven into 
the first log of the turn; at the other end is a clamp which runs over the 
cable. (P. C. F.) 
2. A device for controlling the speed of logging sleds. It is a chain 
or clevis placed around the forward end of the rear sled runners. (N. W.) 
Bridle man. One who follows a turn of logs down the skid road and tends 
the " bridle." (P. C. F.) 
Broadleaf , a. See -Hardwood. 
Brow, n. See Landing. 
Brow skid. 1. The chief beam in a frame to which tackle for loading logs on 
cars is fastened when a gin-pole is not u.sed. (P. C. F.) 
Syn.: draw skid, lead log. 
2. A large log, placed parallel with the railroad track, which forms the 
front part of a landing used for loading logs upon cars. (P. C. F.) 
Brush. See Slash. 
Brush a road, to. To cover with brush the mudholes and swampj' places in 
a logging road, to make it solid. (N. F.) 
Brusher, n. On an operation where stave bolts are being made, one who 
cuts and piles limbs from felled trees. (S. F.) 
Brush out, to. To clear away the brush from a survey line, gutter road or 
other logging road. (Gen.) 
Syn.: bush out, to. 
