TERMS USED IN LOGGING 515 
Turn-around, n. A cleared area, surrounding a bunched [)ilc of logs, in 
wliii'h logging wheels turn. (Texas.) 
Turner. See Log roller. 
Turnout, n. A short side road from a logging-sled road, to allow loaded 
sleds to pass. (N. W., L. S.) 
Twin sled. See Logging sled. 
Twister, n. 1. See Spanish windlass. 
2. See Camp foreman. 
Twitch, V. See Skid. 
Two-block hold. See Block hold. 
Two-faced tie. A pole tie with only two hewed faces. It is made from a 
stick of timber too small to hew four sides. (8. F.) 
Two sled. See Logging sled. 
Undercut, v. See Notch. 
Undercut, n. The notch cut in a tree to determine the direction in which the 
tree is to fall, and to prevent sphtting. (Gen.) 
Syn.: notch (Gen.), nick (S. F.), box (N. F.). 
Undercut hold. A method of arranging the choker on a log so that when a 
forward pull is exerted the log will roll backward. (P. C. F.) 
Syn.: underhold roll. 
Undercutter, n. 1. A skilled woodsman who chops the undercut in trees so 
that they shall fall in the proper direction. (Gen.) 
2. A tool used to support the back of a cross-cut saw when a bucker is 
making a cut from the under side of a log. (P. C. F.) 
Underhold roll. See Undercut hold. 
Union drive. A drive of logs belonging to several owners, who share the 
expense pro rata. (N. F.) 
Upright roller. See Road roller. 
Value, ('. (See Cruise. 
Valuer, ti. See Cruiser. 
Van, n. 1. The small store in a logging camp in which clothing, tobacco, 
and medicine are kept to supply the crew. (N. W., L. S.) See Commissary. 
Syn.: wanigan. (N. W.) 
2. Clothing and small wares suppUed to wood.smen. (E. C.) 
Wagon sled. »See Logging sled. 
Wane, n. Bark or the lack of bark or a decrease in wood from any cause on 
the edge of a board, plank, or timber. (Gen.) 
Wanigan, n. 1. A houseboat u.sed as sleeping quarters or as kitchen and 
dining-room by river drivers. (N. W., L. S.) 
2. The outfit of a logging crew^, especially of a log-driving crew. (N. W.) 
3. See Van. 
Warp, V. To tow a boom of logs with a headworks or alligator. 
Syn. : kedge. 
Waste, n. On a logging operation, that portion of the tree which has mer- 
chantable value, but is not utilized. The standard varies with the species, 
location of the timber, and market conditions. (Gen.) 
Water box. See Sprinkler. 
Water buck. One who packs water, either for a logging crew or for a donkej'' 
engine. (Cal.) 
