INDEX 539 
Dynamite, caps for firing, 308. 
care of, 307. 
ele(;tri(; firing of, 309. 
loosening eartii witli, 298. 
springing holes with, 311. 
strength of, 300. 
E 
Earth, angle of repose, 294. 
bulk of, when disturbed, 297. 
classification of, for excavation, 296. 
"free haul" in grading contracts, 296. 
hauling, in cars, 302. 
drag scrapers, 301. 
dump carts, 299. 
dump wagons, 300. 
loosening with dynamite, 298. 
measurement of, 296.. 
movement of, in cars, animal draft, 302. 
pick work, 298. 
picking and shoveling, 298. 
plowing, 297. 
scrapers, 301. 
shovels, steam, 303. 
wagons, dump, 300. 
wheelbarrows, 299. 
wheeled scrapers, 301. 
Efficiency, labor, 51. 
Electric drive, 252. 
Elm, 20. 
buovancv of, 413. 
lumber cut, 1920, 20. 
Eminent domain, right of, for a logging railroad, 286. 
Engines, traction, capacity, 196, 198. 
four-wheeled, 196. 
fuel requirements, 196, 197. 
three-wheeled, 196, 197*. 
wagon haul, 196, 197*. 
Equipment, railroad, rolling stock and motive power, 356. 
snaking, 149. 
wagon haul, 193. 
Excavation, rock, 304. 
blasting, 304. 
drilling, 304. 
explosives for, 306. 
Explosives, high, 306. 
low, 310. 
F 
Faller, tree, 94, 94*. 
Falling ax, 82, 83. 
Fantailing, pullboat logging, 233, 234*. 
Fastenings, rail, 324, 32.5. 
Feeding standards, Wolff-Lehmann, 525. 
Feeding stuffs, ingredients in, 526. 
Fees for catching runaway logs, 385. 
