554 INDEX 
Stringer railroad, grades on, 281. 
maintenance of, 282. 
rails for, 281. 
Stump, blasting, 311. 
heights of, 107. 
Stumpage, ownership of, 4, 5. 
Summary of logging methods, 24. 
Sunken logs, 411, 430. 
Supervision, labor required for, 54. 
Supplies, track, 322. 
Surfacing railroads, 331. 
Surry Parker log loader, 365. 
Sweep, logs, 113. 
Swinging, 245. 
Swinging-boom log loader, 370, 371*. 
Switch, railroad, 325, 326*. 
sUde, 266. 
Sycamore, buoyancy of, 413. 
Tail tree, cal)leway skidding, 216, 223, 226. 
puUboat logging, 234. 
Tamping explosives, for rock l)lasting, 310. 
for stump blasting, 312. 
Tanbark, peeling, 99. 
Task system, payment of labor, 48. 
Team boss, duties of, 194. 
Teeth, cross-cut saw, 85, 85*, 89*. 
Tennessee River, per cent of logs lost on, 384. 
Terminals, flume, 441, 441*, 443*. 
Terms used in logging, 469. 
Timber, deadening, 100. 
felling, 106. 
saw, ownership of, 4, 5. 
volume, by regions, 4. 
Timber slides and chutes (see slides). 
Timber work, railroad grade, 313. 
Tongs, animal skidding, 150, 151*. 
puUboat skidding, 237. 
Towing l)ooms, 400, 420. 
Towing rafts, 421, 422, 424, 426, 429. 
Track laying and lifting, 326. 
Traction engines, 196, l97*. 
Tractive force, locomotives, 346. 
Tractors, 204, 205*, 209*. 
adaptability, 204. 
caterpillar, for log slide draft, 273. 
crawler, 204, 205*, 207*. 
advantages of, 206. 
efficiency of, 211. 
gasoline consumption of, 208. 
hauling with, 211. 
life of, 208. 
skidding with, 208, 210. 
speed of, 211. 
tractive power of, 212. 
wheeled, 204. 
Trailers, motor truck, 200. 
