70 DISEASE IN WILD MAMMALS AND BIRDS 
Another case in which parasites seemed to take a hand 
concerned a common raccoon with tapeworms (sp. ?) in 
the small intestine and microscopically discoverable 
parasitic parts in the lungs ; these organs were the seat 
of extensive congestion and venous thrombosis, the latter 
containing really enormous numbers of diplococci. The 
parasites probably paved the way for bacterial invasion. 
A frank case of septic thrombotic aortitis was noted in a 
Eice Grackle, the infectious focus apparently being a 
vegetative "tricuspid" vahniUtis. 
Arteritis. 
In addition to these cases, productive inflammatory 
changes were discovered five times affecting vessels in or 
near frank inflammatory processes. The animals affected 
with this productive process were three birds, a rodent 
and an elephant. In the case of two birds and the rodent 
the process was associated \vith chronic intestinal lesions, 
while in the elephant it was f omid as an endarteritis oblit- 
erans in large vessels of the lung of chronic pulmonary 
tuberculosis occurring in this animal. These instances 
serve as examples of the truly productive inflammatory 
processes affecting vessels and illustrate the distribution 
through the animal kingdom. Pathogenetically there are 
no essential differences, and histologically they corre- 
spond to the forms seen in man. Had every piece of 
tissue been subjected to microscopy wherein such lesions 
might have existed, more examples might have been 
discovered, but these processes excite no peculiar 
secondary effects so that attention is not dra-\vn to them 
directly. The only noteworthy difference between mam- 
mals and birds is the fragile character of the clots in the 
latter class. This is peculiar because the principal 
response of this class to an infectious irritant is coagula- 
tion necrosis, liquefying enzymes apparently being 
absent or small in quantity. 
