120 DISEASE IN WILD MAMMALS AND BIRDS 
Smear from bone marrow shows enormous number of premyelocytes 
and mast cells. Polynuclears in their early stages are not numerous. 
Small groups of lymphocytes, lightly packed together, noted here and 
there. Blood smears unsatisfactory. 
Microscopical. — Lung shows distended vesicles with considerable 
congestion of septa and in some places red blood cells in alveoli. 
Kidney. — Glomeruli contracted, relatively anemic; capsule negative; 
epithelium throughout in state of granular degeneration probably fatty ; 
connective tissue not increased. 
Intestines. — Show slight hyaline change in mv;sele fibres and nodular 
degeneration and disappearance of protoplasm, leaving bare nuclei 
and outline of the cells; submueosa loose; mucosa shows infiltration of 
round and plasma cells, diapedesis, degeneration and desquamation of 
epithelium. Section of ileum shows a hyperplasia of lymph 
follicles with active centre in which large endothelial cells pre- 
dominate. Small swellings in submueosa consist of chronic granulation 
tissue, but there is no foreign body and no evidence of preexistence 
of a lymph follicle. 
Lymph nodes loosely arranged but in places solidly small lymphoid ; 
chords and sinuses contain chiefly small lymph cells in which are some 
mast and plasma cells; follicles small and loose, and centres contain 
chiefly large lymph and plasma cells; connective tissue not increased 
yet there are some fibroblasts in follicles. 
Spleen. — Shows almost entirely hemorrhagic pulp ; blood destinic- 
tion not active; follicles large and made up of about equal mixture 
of small lymph, plasma and large lymph cells; connective tissue promi- 
nent probably because of excess of blood around it. 
Local Hypekplasias. 
In this group and touching the purely hyperplastic, 
come the hj^ertrophies of the lymphadenoid tissue of 
the nasophai-ynx ; this can be disposed of by stating that 
no true chronic hj'pertrophies have been seen. "With most 
cases of gastroenteritis in ungulates, and many in car- 
nivores, there is a swelling and redness of the tonsillar 
region but an exudative or necrotizing process does 
not occur. 
Thymus. 
The thymus is rarely visible in our specimens but 
when found has usually been normal. An increase in size 
and a decrease of consistency of tliis organ is noted in 
marasmus (inanition) from failure of care of the young 
