152 DISEASE IN WILD MAMMALS AND BIRDS 
monias shows conspicuously thickened septa decidedly 
wider than one is accustomed to see in human cases and 
apparently due more to round cell infiltration than to con- 
gestion or polynuclear increase. 
Bronchopneumonia or capillary broncliitis with zones 
of cellular edema in the vicinity is a rather usual picture 
in the deaths from degenerative bone disease. It cannot 
be said that there is anything very peculiar about it, 
although a frequent note met in the autopsies describes 
spotty areas of hemorrhage and nearby atelectasis. 
The case of lobar pneumonia found in a ring-tailed 
lemur {Lemur catta) showed very delicate fibrinous retic- 
ulum and relatively few cells in the exudate, a picture 
apparently due in part to beginning resolution since the 
whole upper left lobe was in a stage of gray hepatization. 
The peculiarity of the Carnivora seems to lie in the 
reaction of the epithelia, these cells being quite large, 
swollen and occasionally much vacuolated. Such a picture 
was most pronounced in the terminal bronchitic pneu- 
monias in cases which might be called distemper. Many 
instances of pseudolobar catarrhal or bronchopneumonia 
are recorded but we also observed the fibrinous lobar 
form at the stage of red hepatization in a Texas skunk 
(Mephitis mesomelas). Concerning the orders Rodentia 
and Edentata no especial notes seem necessary for their 
inflammatory reactions are essentially like the others in 
that epithelial cells are much swollen and prominent. 
Pneumonias of XJngulata are well known to pathology 
and offer in causation and microscopy little that is 
peculiar. It might be emphasized however that the gross 
appearance of the bronchocatarrhal variety closely simu- 
lates that of lobar pneumonia, therefore to be called a 
pseudolobar form, in that extension to various parts of 
a lobe seems to occur. Moreover in the bronchitic 
varieties associated with enteritis, ^\'ith or mthout infec- 
tious foci in the pharynx or larynx, there may be two or 
even three stages of the pneumonitic process in one lung 
