THE STREPTOTHRICOSES 569 
This was possible with the tapirs but in the deer the con- 
clusion was not so easily reached and the diagnosis had 
to be made partly by exclusion. Anatomically the gross 
and microscopic appearances of lumpy jaw in the tapirs 
follows the text-book descriptions but our cases in the 
deer deserve separate comment. Whether or not these 
differences mean a peculiarity of resistance on the part 
of the animal or a new variety of streptothrix only fur- 
ther study can settle. 
The beginning of the lesion in the deer was in the jaw 
bone as circumscribed or fusiform swellings appearing on 
the under surface. Growth usually progressed into the 
pharyngeal cavity and backward under the ear, but a large 
tumor stretching doAvn the neck was only observed once. 
Suppuration and ulceration occurred twice but only once 
were bacteriological observations possible before death, 
and then, they were negative. The fatal outcome seemed 
to be due to inanition, possibly because the animal could 
not eat, for respiratory tract involvement was only pres- 
ent once and then to a trifling degree. At autopsy, actino- 
myces in ray form were found in one animal only, the 
diagnosis resting upon histology in the other two. Nor 
did the degenerated centre of the swelling contain the sul- 
phur granules in any case. 
The microscopic characters of the tumors resembled 
those of giant cell sarcoma and chronic rarefying osteo- 
periosteitis with areas of round cell infiltration but no 
granulomata as are occasionally seen in lumpy jaw. I 
have always felt that a " giant cell sarcoma " with in- 
flammation when seated in the jaw of a lower animal 
should be looked upon with grave suspicion and be 
searched diligently for fungi. The organisms could not 
be found in sections of any of these cases, although pres- 
ent in the pus from a pocket in one. Reference has been 
made in discussing tumors of the bones in gazelles and 
opossums to their resemblances to osteofibroma and ac- 
tinomycosis. The diagnoses were made after long study 
37 
