332 DISEASE IN WILD MAMMALS AND BIRDS 
evident cretin was killed while another runt was sacrificed 
and found to have fractures of both femora around which 
no trace of callus was discoverable (Fig. 35). Two other 
cubs were apparently normal, while the remaining three 
did not develop and soon showed the cretin characters. 
AYhen this group was about three months old they were 
fed chopped horse thyroid ; one improved decidedly, one 
slightly, the third not at all, but it might have been too 
weak to get its share. These animals lived from eight 
months to three years; the two good ones remain alive. 
In 1919 the mother Avas killed by her cubs, probably 
because she was weakened by long sickness. A papillary 
adenomatoid goitre, endocarditis, nephritis and chronic 
enteritis were found. The pathological changes in the 
thyroids of the cretins were as follows: In the second 
litter two cubs had hyperplasia with colloid, one had 
nodular adenomatoid change and the fourth showed dis- 
tinct atrophy secondary to colloid increase. In the third 
group two had distinct colloid changes, once pure and 
once as a secondary process with some evidence of 
atrophy to alter the fibrous tissue and shape of the acini. 
The remaining four seem to be all colloid in character, but 
I am not satisfied with the description or sections so that 
I shall not offer an unqualified diagnosis. The adrenals 
of these animals all showed some medullary congestion 
but no change in the chromaffin or lipoidal content. 
The deformative lesions of bones are frequently asso- 
ciated vnth. lesions in the pituitary body. Several of our 
thyroid cases have been studied for such changes without 
their discovery. Indeed no gross alterations have been 
noted among many hundreds of hypophyses seen in 
removing the brain nor in a small number studied 
histologically. Those examined under the microscope 
have seemed to correspond to the descriptions given by 
Stendell in Oppel's Handbook of Comparative Micro- 
scopic Anatomy. 
