380 DISEASE IN WILD MAMMALS AND BIRDS 
2.5 cm. in its greatest diameter. The area of softening consisted of 
caseated material and pus, in which the tubercle bacillus was found 
present. The second area of softening was found on the right side 
of the brain, much smaller in extent and measuring 1.5 cm. diameter. 
There was no pus present in this area, but it consisted of a circumscribed 
mass of caseous material. The apex of this area of softening was just 
beneath the cortex in the prefrontal region on the right side, and in 
the removal of the brain the cortex was torn just above this area of 
caseation. This point was .5 cm. in front of the central Assure and 
about 1 cm. below the superior surface of the brain. A third area of 
softening was observed posteriorly, in the white substance, in the 
parieto-occipital region, and measured about 6 mm. in diameter. A 
study of the sections of the brain shows beautifully the extent of the 
destruction of the brain tissue. The optic thalamus and the lenticular 
nucleus, and the posterior limb of the internal capsule, on the left 
side, are destroyed in part. The anterior limb of the internal capsule 
in one section, is preserved, notwithstanding the fact that the optic 
thalamus on the same side has been in large part destroyed. In spite 
of the fact that the posterior limb of the internal capsule has been 
destroyed at some levels, it is interesting to note that the degeneration 
of the pyramidal tracts of the pons and medulla on the opposite side 
and the lateral columns of the spinal cord are not intensely — although 
distinctly — degenerated. It is very interesting to note that in view 
of the severe damage to the posterior limb of the internal capsule on 
the left side, there was not more paralysis, for it will be remembered 
that there was considerable power of prehension in the right upper 
and lower extremities. 
Encephalomyelitis, Poliomyelitis. 
While, as has been stated, no well defined cases of the 
recognized meningocephalic infectious diseases have been 
observed in the Garden, there have been several animals 
in whose cord and brain changes were found comparable 
to the infectious disease known in man as poliomyelitis. 
On several occasions since this disease was recognized as 
occurring in epidemic form it has been observed that 
domestic mammals and fowls suffered from a similar 
condition. The general vicinity of Philadelphia had a low 
grade epidemic among children during the years from 
1907 to 1912 and it is during this time that most of the 
cases of a comparable character were obsei^^ed among 
our animals. It is to be emphasized that attacks were 
entirely sporadic and the cases did not appear to bear a 
