406 DISEASE IN WILD MAMMALS AND BIRDS 
* ' This affection manifests itself as a conjunctivitis early 
in the attack, but rapidly progresses to an iridocyclitis and 
lastly to a panophthahnitis. After each attack the ball 
is smaller until it is so shrunken as to be sightless from 
chronic thickening and opacities. The causation is not 
known. The disease behaves not unlike an infectious one, 
remaining in a stud for years at a time. Not every 
horse may be affected. It has been connected with damp- 
ness, bad fodder, overwork and the like. Again others 
have connected it with malaria or rheumatism. 
Potapenke, Vigezzi, Koch and others have found various 
microorganisms, no tAvo of which seem to be the same. 
Even an animal organism like malaria has been described. 
(Whether or not malaria has anything to do with the 
disease, it must be said that our horse was favorably 
affected in regard to temperature as well as to the eye 
condition by repeated subcutaneous injections of Quinine 
Bisulphate, Grain xx daily.) The attacks last five to nine 
days. One or both eyes may be attacked and not uncom- 
monly do they alternate. One eye may cease to have 
attacks while the other continues. The experiments here 
recorded were made with the idea of transmitting the 
disease to other horses. They were only partially suc- 
cessful. During eight months the affected animal referred 
to us had six attacks of ophthalmia. The attack was 
observed for study on the first occasion, but during the 
second his anterior chamber was entered by a needle 
attached to a syringe, the exudate aspirated and injected 
into the eye of a horse with apparently healthy eyes. The 
history of this second horse will be given later. The 
attacks of the first horse ranged from six to twelve days. 
Five of the six affected the left eye and one the right. In 
January, 1910, the left eye was used for further inocu- 
lation, and following this traumatism complete recovery 
never took place. The corneal scar left by the needle tract 
almost disappeared, but an inferior anterior synechia 
formed and was followed by a spreading opacity of the 
