NEOPLASMS 475 
have much in common with all the glandular tumors of 
this region, a general discussion of this subject may be 
introduced here. We have observed seven tumors con- 
structed on a glandular basis of renal or adrenal 
character. Grossly these tumors develop as irregular 
masses usually of distinct brown color, constructed on a 
lobular plan, delicate barely visible septa dividing the 
growth. They seem devoid of large vessels, a gross 
observation confirmed microscopically. There is no cri- 
terion to the naked eye, which will distinguish the variety 
of epithelial hyperplasia or permit separation of these 
neoplasms from some sarcomata; the latter are usually 
gray but need not be so. Minutely studied, three of these 
tumors proved to be adenomata, all papillary, one cystic 
as well. Three had to be denominated carcinoma because 
of their distinct separate crowded nests and incomplete 
acini. The cells comprising these growths are comparable 
to the lining elements of the collecting tubules of the renal 
lobule in that they have relatively large nuclei and a 
tendency to basic staining protoplasm. The adenomatous 
picture is, however, more comparable to the cortex than to 
the medulla. The remaining tumor was a hypernephroma 
of the usual large cell, acinus-forming type and seemed 
to originate in the adrenal. None of these tumors in the 
parrakeets sent out metastases. Other hypernephromata 
have been diagnosed, to the number of six. Upon review 
of their descriptions and sections, the determinations are 
to be confirmed. However, it must be recorded here that 
none of the three in mammals gave metastases, while two 
of the three in birds did so. They are all of the usual type 
with large vacuolated cells in glandular groups or strands. 
Three rather interesting examples of epithelioma have 
been observed. The first and most important was a baso- 
cellular growth of the tongue in a black bear {Ursus 
americanus) . The local damage — ulceration and infiltra- 
tion — and swelling sufficient to interfere with deglutition, 
were quite considerable. The basal cell nests had pene- 
