46 
5THIS RURAb NEW-YORKER 
January 13, 
FEEDING PROBLEMS. 
Under this heading we endeavor to give advice 
and suggestions about feeding mixtures of grains 
and fodders. No definite rules are given, but the 
advice is based upon experience and average 
analyses of foods. By ‘-protein” is meant the 
elements in the food which go to make muscle or 
lean meat. “Carbohydrates” comprise the starch, 
sugar, etc., which make fat and provide fuel for 
the body, while “fat” is the pure oil found in 
foods. Dry matter” means the weight of actual 
food left in fodder or grain when all the water is 
driven off. A “narrow ration” means one in which 
the proportion of protein to carbohydrates is close 
—a “wide” ration means one which shows a larger 
proportion of carbohydrates. 
Purchased Grain with Home-Grown Fodder. 
Will you advise me how to feed my cows 
most profitably? I have roughage on the 
farm to feed her daily as follows: 30 
pounds silage from well-eared corn; five 
pounds cow-pea hay ; five pounds corn stover. 
For grain would like to use mostly cotton¬ 
seed meal and corn and cob meal. I can 
buy dried brewers’ grains at $26, and bran 
at $30 per ton. Would it pay me to pur¬ 
chase either of these? J. F. M. 
. Virginia. 
I would advise you to purchase dried 
brewers’ grains to feed in combination with 
your other feeds in the following propor¬ 
tions for a balanced ration : 
Digestible 
Dry 
Pro- 
Carb 
matter 
tein 
& fat 
30 lbs. silage. 
6.30 
.27 
3.87 
5 lbs. cow-pea hay. 
4.5 
.533 
2.083 
5 lbs. corn stover. 
3.00 
.085 
1.72 
1 lb. cotton-seed meal 
4 lbs. corn and cob 
.92 
.372 
.444 
meal . 
5 lbs. dried brewers’ 
3.4 
.176 
2.66 
grains . 
4.60 
1.040 
2.190 
22.72 
2.476 
12.967 
Nutritive ratio 1:5.2. 
If you prefer you can change the propor¬ 
tions to two pounds cotton-seed meal, six 
pounds corn and cob meal, and three or 
four pounds dried brewers’ grains. The 
figures given do not show quite enough 
dry matter for a standard ration, but this 
must always be regulated by the feeder ac¬ 
cording to the requirements of each indi¬ 
vidual cow. c. s. G. 
Ration for Cows and Pigs. 
Would you figure a balanced ration from 
the following feed stuffs? Corn fodder in 
stalks, corn and cob meal, ground oats, 
and turnips. These I have. Turnips have 
been frozen. I wish to buy cotton-seed 
meal, gluten meal or linseed oil meal as you 
advise. I expect later in Winter to buy 
dried beet pulp. Are frozen turnips in¬ 
jurious to cattle? Ration is for milch cows, 
also for pigs. J. w. M. 
Ohio. 
Digestible 
Dry 
Pro- 
Carb 
matter 
tein 
& fat 
20 lbs. corn stover. 11.60 
.50 
7.46 
(cut or shreddedl 
6 lbs. corn or cob 
meal . 5.10 
.264 
3.99 
2 lbs. ground oats. . 1.78 
.184 
1.136 
3 lbs. cotton-seed 
meal. 2.76 
1.116 
1.332 
2 lbs. oil meal. .. . 1.80 
.564 
- .928 
23.04 
2.628 
14.846 
Nutritive ratio 1 :5.6. 
The above formula is 
calculated 
for a 
1.000-pound cow in full flow of milk, and 
is very nearly a balanced ration. When you 
start 'feeding dried beet pulp I would omit 
one pound of oil meal, one pound of ground 
oats and two pounds corn and cob meal, 
adding four or five pounds dried beet pulp 
per day for each cow. For an economical 
ration in which you intend to use dried 
beet pulp you should have either clover 
or Alfalfa hay to furnish the protein that 
is lacking in the beet pulp, and which must 
be furnished from some source in order to 
make a properly balanced ration. 1 would 
not feed frozen turnips unless the damage 
was very slight. 
The ration for pigs depends upon their 
size, age and condition. You should have 
stalks, corn and cob meal, ground oats, 
pumpkins, skim-milk or Alfalfa hay for 
roughage to furnish a part of the ration 
and then supplement it with commercial 
feeds. Unless you do this your pork is 
likely to cost you too much to prodiice, 
I do not like corn and cob meal for pigs. 
It would be much better to have the cob 
removed before grinding. For young pigs 
you could feed some ground oats and 
wheat middlings, gradually changing to 
cornmeal during the fattening period. 
c. s. G. 
Milk Ration; Pigs in Orchard. 
1. I am making butter and milking three 
cows. I have about five tons Timothy and 
half that amount corn stover, no roots. 
I have to purchase all grain. At present 
I am feeding equal parts by weight of corn- 
meal. Buffalo gluten and ships, the latter is 
a mixture of about two-thirds bran and 
one-third middlings. I also add a little oil 
meal. I give three pounds of the above 
mixture with three or four pounds corn 
stover in the morning. The cows are then 
milked and watered and the stable cleaned, 
and they are left for the day with about 
eight pounds Timothy. The same routine 
is gone over in the evening. Am I feeding 
a proper quantity, and is the ration what 
you would call balanced? 2. Would it be 
safe to allow young pigs into a three-year- 
old orchard? Would they hurt the trees 
when there will be rye, clover and grass 
for them? * a. e. s. 
New York. 
Your ration is much too wide for cows 
giving milk. I would suggest that you cut 
out the cornmeal and substitute cotton-seed 
meal. The addition of one part distillers’ 
dried grains would help to overcome the 
stickiness of the cotton seed and gluten, and 
make a still better balanced ration. If 
you cannot get either cotton-seed meal or 
distillers’ dried grains use three parts 
gluten feed to one of the ships. Corn is 
too high priced at present to feed profitably 
to milch cows. If your cows are heavy 
milkers it is probable that you could in¬ 
crease the grain ration with profit, but this 
is a matter that you can determine better 
than anyone else. 2. Do not allow the pigs 
to run in the tliree-year-old orchard unless 
you protect the trees. You can do this by 
driving three posts in a triangle around the 
tree and nailing on boards or woven wire. 
Even then the pigs may do damage if they 
root much, but this can usually be prevented 
by good feeding, or rings. C. L. M. 
Ration to -Fatten Steers. 
1. Please give balanced feed to fatten 
steers, live weight 750 pounds. I am feed¬ 
ing at present cotton-seed and cornmeal; 
two parts cotton seed, one part cornmeal. 
and good silage; for roughage good hay and 
cornstalks. 2. Is cotton-seed a safe feed 
for hogs? K. V. D. 
New York. 
1. With the feeds you have, the following 
ration will be about right for a 750-pouud 
steer: 25 pounds silage, 10 pounds corn¬ 
stalks, five pounds cornmeal, three pounds 
cotton-seed meal. We assume that your 
hay is Timothy, as you do not state that 
it is clover, so we have left it out of the 
ration. If of good quality it may be sold 
to advantage and other feeds bought to re¬ 
place it. Timothy hay at present prices is 
an expensive 'cattle feed. The above ration 
would be improved by substituting two 
pounds of bran for one pound of cotton¬ 
seed meal, making the grain part of it five 
pounds cornmeal. two pounds bran, two 
pounds cotton-seed meal. In practice these 
amounts of coarse fodder and grains need 
not be followed exactly. If you are an ex¬ 
perienced feeder you will know that the 
tastes and appetites of the animals must 
always be taken into account. 2. Cotton¬ 
seed meal is not a safe feed for hogs. 
C. S. M. 
Oat Chaff in Ration; Warts. 
1. I have a limited amount of Timothy 
hay and plenty of cornstalks, also oat 
chaff. Would you advise mixing grain ra¬ 
tion night and morning in oat chaff, wetting 
it, the object being to save hay? I bought 
brewers’ grains and cotton-seed meal, but 
could not get dried beet pulp. What will 
take place of beet pulp? 2. What cause* 
warts on cow’s teats? This is a heifer 
with first calf; warts seem to come very 
fast after she had calf. F. q. f. 
Pennsylvania. 
1. We would recommend feeding your 
grain ration separately from the oat chaff, 
for cows are very fond of this chaff; there¬ 
fore will eat enough without mixing it 
with grain. Feed all the Timothy hay and 
cut or shredded cornstalks your cows will 
eat. If you have no silage or roots, and 
cannot buy dried beet pulp, you should 
feed from one to two pounds of oil meal 
per day to each cow. 2. Warts are usually 
caused by an abnormal nutrition of the 
skin, determined by increased energy of 
growth operating upon a healthy skin ; at 
other times, upon a weak or impoverished 
skin. The best treatment for warts is to 
smear them with sweet oil. pure olive oil. 
or cold pressed castor oil after each milk¬ 
ing. With this treatment the warts will 
quickly disappear. c. s. g. 
Feeding Horse and Hogs. 
1. I have a big gray horse. What is the 
best ration for him? I don't work him 
much, drive about 20 miles twice a week 
to the city. Horse weighs about 1.500, 
eight years old. have plenty of corn on 
cob. Timothy hay and corn fodder, also 
bran. The rest of feed * I- can buy. 2. I 
also have six pigs. What is the best ration 
for them to keep them growing, as I like 
to get them to market by Spring as heavy 
as possible? There is no market, in this 
surrounding community for. pigs as the pig 
business is overworked and grain being high 
no one wants them. They are from a big 
Chester White mother weighing 300. 
R. F. F. 
1. Y'ou can feed your horse very well 
with the feeds you have. Feed him the 
hay . and corn fodder, too. if it is. not musty 
or moldy, three times a day. not quite all 
he would eat if he had a chance, and one 
to two quarts of bran and three or four 
ears of corn three times per day. This 
ought to keep him in good condition on light 
work. 
2. It certainly looks like a tough propo¬ 
sition to get a profit out of pigs this Win¬ 
ter, with feed almost out of sight, and 
pork so very low. Not knowing anything 
about the age or size of the pigs I cannot 
guess very closely as to the amount of feed 
they should require. Giye them as much 
of the corn on cob as they will eat up clean 
three times a day. and a thin slop of mid¬ 
dlings two or three times a day. If it is 
not too much trouble or expense to get 
the corn ground it would probably pay, or 
if the corn is very dry and hard it can 
be improved by soaking. Keep the pigs as 
comfortable as possible, and have a "little 
pile of wood ashes and salt in a corner 
of the pen where they can get it when they 
wish. A sod or two, if you can get them, 
occasionally thrown in the pen will furnish 
the pigs exercise and amusement, and help 
their digestion. Then if you can give them 
good pasture, preferably clover, as soon as 
it is ready in the Spring, you ought to have 
some very good hogs by July, and of course 
there "is a possibility of a higher market 
by that time. c. L. m. 
Paying Penalty for Paint. —In the 
suburbs of the city of Ottawa, Canada, 
where the Duke of Connaught, Governor- 
General of Canada, resides, a large area 
of land is being sub-divided into lots and 
sold for building purposes. Approaching 
this area a large field sign was erected in 
a field by a real estate company and painted 
under their orders by a sign painting com¬ 
pany. A landscape was designed and painted 
in striking colors, with the name of the real 
estate company in conspicuous letters at 
one side. The property on which the sign 
was erected is owned by Mr. Keefer, a 
white-haired gentleman who installed the 
now extinct horse-car system in Ottawa 
many years ago, and was leased to a Mr. 
George Farmer for pasture purposes. The 
real estate company contracted with the 
sign company to erect it, but did not ob¬ 
tain permission of the owner or tenant of 
the land. A few days after erected two of 
Mr. Farmer’s cows died, and a post-mortem 
by Veterinary Surgeon Harris revealed the 
fact that they had died from lead poisoning. 
The veterinary asked if any paint was 
around the premises, and on examination 
quite a quantity of red, green, black and 
white paint was found within a radius of 
20 feet of the sign. He at once attributed 
the cause of death to the paint, a portion 
of which had evidently been thrown out 
of the cans when the painters had finished 
their work, and a portion of the grass 
saturated with paint was produced as an 
exhibit. Mr. Farmer took action to re¬ 
cover the value of his cows from both the 
sign and the real estate companies, and on 
the evidence the court held he was en¬ 
titled to damages, but just as to the re¬ 
spective responsibility of each his lord- 
ship had to do some deep thinking. The 
real estate men, he held, were primarily re¬ 
sponsible for ordering the sign men to go 
there without having first obtained per¬ 
mission, but they did not want to be 
blamed for what they regarded as negli¬ 
gence on the part of the painters in throw¬ 
ing the paint around so that the cows 
could eat it. On the other hand the sign 
company held that they were simply acting 
under instructions, that the real estate 
company knew there was an .element .of 
danger in the work, and had no business 
to send them there to do the work without 
first notifying the plaintiff so that he could 
take precautions against the cows eating 
any grass from around the sign, as some 
would naturally fall from the brush in 
the process of the work. . After a lengthy 
legal argument the court condemned each 
defendant to pay one-lialf of the amount 
claimed for the loss of the cows. 
On page 1182 S. D. asks for remedy for 
horse tearing blanket. Dampen the blanket 
with water, and then sprinkle well with 
cayenne pepper. Try it, then watch re¬ 
sults. c. l. a. B. 
New York. 
Genasco 
the Trinidad-Lake-Asphalt Roofing 
is the lasting roofing - forthisreason: 
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that are put in and kept there by 
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Genasco is made of this natural 
asphalt, and has all its permanent 
weather-resisting qualities which 
keep it lastingly waterproof. 
Roofings that you don’t know about 
are risky. Their looks are apt to de¬ 
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Genasco Roofings—mineral or smooth 
surface. Fully guaranteed. 
The Kant-Ieak Kleetinsures the perfect appli¬ 
cation of roofing—makesseams water-tight with¬ 
out smeary cement, and prevents leaks from 
nail-holes. Ask your dealer for Genasco with 
Kant-leak Kleets packed in the roll. Look for 
the hemisphere trademark. Write us for sam¬ 
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The Barber Asphalt Paving Company 
Largest producers of asphalt and largest 
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t to users of SELF¬ 
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Particulars for two i-cent stamps. • 
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1128-36 Newport Ave., Chicago, U.S.A. 
Standard Veterinary Remedy 
In Use 21 Yoars 
Trade Mark 
Registered 
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hTeaves cured " 
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Safe, positive cure that is Guaranteed for 
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IN THE FIELD 
Making Gf 
Money- W2% 
if IS 
or in the Barn Wasting it 
Whether your horses work or not, their feed costs you big money. When a horse is laid up you 
not only lose the cost of feed , but also the profit that the horse would have paid if able to work in the field. 
Since there is no way to prevetit spavin, curb, splint, ringbone, sprains and lameness, your thought 
should be given to the quickest, surest and most economical cure. And for over 35 years, thousands 
of horsemen have depended on Kendall's Spavin Cure. It's the old, reliable, safe remedy that has 
saved thousands of dollars’ worth of horse flesh , to say nothing of the worry, lime and trouble it has saved 
horse owners. You should get and keep a bottle of— 
Kendall's Spavin Cure 
[V** 
V t 
w 
for emergencies. You never can tell when you’ll need it, and when 
the time does come, you’ll be mighty glad you had the foresight to 
prepare. Here are samples of the thousands of letters we receive 
from grateful horse owners every year. Mr. J. J. Sandlin, New 
Hope, Ala., writes:—“I am a great believer in Kendall's bpavin 
Cure. A few applications have just taken an unnatural growth off 
my horse’s back, thereby increasing his value $25.00 at least.” 
Mr. J. B. McCullors, Haleysville, Ala., writes:—“Last July I bought 
a mule for $65.00. He had a bad Spavin and was unable to work 
but after using three bottles of your Spavin Cure, I cured it and 
he was sold in March for $180.00. I advise all horse owners to use 
Kendall’s Spavin Cure.” And Mr. Wm. Booth, of Grovette, Ark., 
writes:—“I have cured both Blood and Bone Spavins, taking the 
bunch all off and leaving the horse as sound as he ever was. The 
horse does not need entire rest while using Kendall’s Spavin 
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standing in the barn. If the-hor.se was in the pasture not many 
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this remedy I know what I say to be true. If one doubts my 
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make him a sound horse in six months. What I have done I can 
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Why experiment with other remedies—when you know what Kendall’s has done and can do. You can get Kendall’s Spavin Cure at 
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Dr, B, J, Kendall Company, Enosburg Falls, I ft,, U, S, A, 
