10 L2 
1'HE RURAL, NEW-YORKEB 
53 
The Henyard. 
NURSING THE LITTLE CHICKS. 
Chicks in Unheated Brooder. 
I have read with interest on page 1204 of 
the experiments of Mr. Mapes in brooding 
(hicks in large flocks, the results and the 
diagnosis of the causes- of the heavy mortal¬ 
ity in the first ventures. Without comment 
upon either cause or cure, I should like to 
report an instance of brooding in large 
flocks, which came under my observation, 
as somewhat parallel to that of Mr. Mapes, 
with different results. Nearly one thousand 
S. C. White Leghorn chicks. 935 to be exact, 
hatched late in April, were at the age of 
four weeks taken from a 10-house hot water 
system brooder and placed in a “secondary” 
brooder house 52 feet long, 16 feet wide, six 
feet high at the back, and eight feet high in 
front, double pitch roof, unequal span. This 
house is provided with nine double sash 
windows on the south side, all sash hinged 
rt top for the purpose of ventilation, with 
ventilators in the roof besides, to be opened 
or closed as weather conditions demand. 
'Hie floor, end walls, back wall and roof 
nre of double construction, proof against 
dampness and drafts. In this large room 
the chicks hovered under a hover arrange¬ 
ment 48 feet long and three feet wide, con¬ 
sisting of eight frames covered both sides 
with burlap and hinged to the back wall 
rt the height of about eight inches: the 
frames rest upon wooden divisions every 
three feet, increasing in height from the 
right inches at the back to about 11 inches 
in front, with a row of one-inch augur 
holes near the top edge to permit circulation 
of air from one compartment to another. 
>t the age of eight weeks, after being in 
this “secondary” brooder house for four 
weeks, the bunch was removed and placed 
In colony houses. In the four weeks five 
only had died: two smothered under the 
hover, two smothered in a hopper and the 
other one just “passed away,” This 
Iwooder house has no heating apparatus 
whatever, and the chicks wander over the 
whole of it at will. A small oil stove with 
a four-inch burner was lighted a few cold 
nights. At other times there was no arti¬ 
ficial heat at all. 
This result was truly remarkable. An 
earlier hatch of about 450 and a later one 
of about 800 met with considerably heavier 
losses because the oil stove was not lighted 
when there was a sudden drop in tempera¬ 
ture during the night. The conclusion, one 
must almost believe, is that chicks that 
ere right from the shell and kept right 
meantime, can later, at least, be brooded 
in large flocks successfully if safeguarded 
against cold. This house of which I speak will 
probably be provided this coming season 
with a small hot water heater and four 
rows of pipe, two forward and two return, 
along the back wall and across the west 
rnd. to heat the house, not the hovers. 
Something should be said, no doubt, about 
the previous care of those 935 chicks, for 
that, of course, had a great deal to do 
with the case. Their mothers were year¬ 
lings, their fathers husky cockerels; they 
had plenty of fresh air whilst in the shells 
end even after they came out of them. 
After the first three or four nights most 
of them slept outside the hovers with notn- 
i’ig between them and the atmosphere of 
the brooder house but a muslin cloth, and 
before a week was out part of that was 
turned back. 
For the first five days their feed was 
chick feed fplentifully dusted with very 
fine grit), exclusively: after that a good 
prepared dry chick feed was given alter¬ 
nately, at the end of the first week a dry 
mash was added and kept before them all 
the time, with charcoal, grit and oyster 
s'-ell in hoppers or pans, preferably pans, 
when they were put in the “secondary” 
b>-oodor house their scratch feed was 
changed to whole wheat, cracked corn and 
K aflir corn, but there was no other change 
in the ration. Tender green Alfalfa, cut 
fine, they got in abundance after a week old. 
Their drinking water was changed often 
and once a day there was permanganate of 
potash put in it. There were no colds, no 
white diarrhoea, no malnutrition. The loss 
while in the heated brooders was about 
eight to the 100, and most of those were 
killed as weaklings. From less than a week 
old they had to scratch in cut straw for 
the grains and seeds : there was never any 
hopper feeding of hard feed. A. K. M. 
Maryland. 
A LAYING RATION; SPROUTED OATS. 
I am beginning the chicken business for 
eggs with three dozen White Leghorn hens. 
I wish to feed a dry mash. What should 
it be composed of? I have made self¬ 
feeding boxes. Of what shall I make the 
scratch feed, and what quantity shall I 
feed them? Of course I intend to use 
these hens, or rather I shall select 20 of 
them for breeders next season. I have 
bought two choice March cockerels of a 
165-egg strain from a neighbor, whose flock 
I am familiar with. My food this season 
’• ill be all purchased as I only reoccupied 
the farm November 1, after 30 years’ city 
residence. I shall have corn, oats, wheat, 
buckwheat, Kaffir corn and sorghum seed as 
feed of my own growing next season, and 
shall grow some White clover for green 
food with beets and mangels. I am mak¬ 
ing flats. 15 x 20, for vegetable plants in 
frames next season. Can I use these to 
sprout oats? If this is practicable for 
this number of hens, I have a large win¬ 
dow in cellar with southern exposure, near 
the boiler for heating house. My idea is a 
little soil in flat, say a pint of oats thickly 
sprinkled in flat, and then covered with 
say one-half inch soil and kept moist until 
they sprout, then placed on a platform 
under the window until they have grown of 
length to feed. IIow many boxes will this 
number of hens require, and how often 
should they be fed? R. G. A. 
Wilkinsburg, Pa. 
A simple ration for Leghorn layers that 
1 find very satisfactory is as follows : Three 
pounds corn (scratch feed), two pounds 
bran, one pound wheat middlings, and one- 
half pound beef scraps, the last three 
named being fed in a hopper. In connection 
with this I am feeding some skim-milk, 
green cut bone when convenient, which 
saves on scraps, and as much Winter vetch 
daily as they will clean up. The last is one 
of the greatest Winter green feeds I have 
yet struck; the hens love it better than 
chickweed. and it has the advantage here 
of being green all Winter. Sown in August 
with or without rye and Crimson clover, 
it has formed a perfect mat in the garden 
rows. Be sure to try it and also kale, 
either in the early Fall or Spring. Both 
are easy to raise and can be fed green, 
which is a decided advantage over dry 
clover. Cow-horn turnips I find easier to 
raise than mangels or beets, and fully as 
satisfactory. Your 36 hens will require 
about two to three quarts of corn daily in 
connection with the supply from the hopper. 
I see no reason why you should not use 
the flats you describe. Measuring 15 by 20 
gives you 300 square inches per flat, or 
enough for your flock for four or five days. 
Cornell authorities recommend one square 
inch daily per hen. but I believe you can 
save in grain enough to feed as much as 
two square inches instead. Your idea of 
covering the oats with dirt is not so bad 
and will no doubt help retain the mois¬ 
ture, but by sprinkling every morning, you 
can do as well as with the dirt and have 
more in a flat, say fill it with oats two 
inches deep. These should be thoroughly 
soaked in warm water over night before 
pouring into the tray. r. b. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-Y. and you'll get a quick reply and a 
“square deal.” See guarantee editorial page. 
WRITE YOUR NAME 
ON A POSTAL 
and Ret this big book on Poultry 
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Full of valuable hints and helps 
you’ll bo pleased to know. 
era suc- 
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_i for Poultry Houaea— 
how to make a first-class 
brooder out of a piano box. 
Describes the 1912 Sand Tray 
Prairie State Incubators. 
Brairio Stats Incubator Oo. 
406Maln St., Homsr City, 
DOLLARS FOR MINUTES 
I’ll split my factory price on 
Improved New 
Jewel Ineubator 
Mor ten minutes of your time. 
Give youS25.00 Poultry course 
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M. W. Savage, Pres,. M. W. Savage Factories. Inc. 
Dept. 157 Minneapolis, Minn._ 
MAKE MONEY 
Raising Poultry Easy—fascin¬ 
ating. Poultry always in de¬ 
mand. $10 starts you. 
lOO Egg Incubator, $<7.00 
lOO Chick Brooder, 5.00 
Both prepaid, $10.00. 
Write today for full description 
and instructions how to start. 
ADVANCE MFG. CO. 
Box 424. GREENVILLE, O. 
RICHLAND FARMS 
Bleeders and Exhibitors of 
S. C. White Leghorns, S. C. Black Orpingtons, 
WHITE PLYMOUTH ROCKS 
We are now booking orders for the PROFIT PAYING 
KIND of BABY CHICKS and EGGS FOR HATCHING. 
No orders too LARGE oi; too SMALL. 
RICHLAND FARMS, FREDERICK, MD. 
Bonnie Brae Poultr Farm K ™,?K LE ' 
Baby Chicks. Ducklings and Hatching Eggs now 
ready from selected breeders. S. C. W. Leghorns, 
Barred and White P. Rocks. Single and Rose.C. 
R. I. Reds, Imperial Pekin Ducks. Some choice 
Barred Rock and S. C. W. Leghorn Cockerels left 
at right prices. Correspondence invited. 
S. C. WHITE LEGHORNS""S£d A cock. 
erels for breeding. Price right for quality. 
WHITE & KICK, VOKKTOWN, N. Y. 
B ABY CHICKS, 12c. each—from free range—Selected 
Single Comb W. Leghorns, in any quantity. 
Safe arrival guaranteed. Circular free. EGGS 
for hatching in any quantity. CHAS. R. STONE, 
Baby Chicken Farm, Staatsburg-on-Hudson, N. Y. 
S. C, WHITE LEGHORNS HATCHING ^EGGS 
Orders booked for future delivery. Young and old 
stock at attractive prices. Best laying strains. 
SUNNY HILL FARM, Fi.emington, N. J. 
S. C. W. LEGHORNS 
Hatching Eggs from selected yearling breeders. 
Choice breeding stock at reasonable prices. 250 
acres devoted to Leghorns of exceptional quality 
and vigor. Send for circular. MT. PLEASANT 
FARM, Box Y, Havre de Grace, Md. 
BREEDING COCKERELS-RK 
| horn youngsters of exceptional vigor from liens of 
i excellent egg yields, for utility purposes, at $2.00 to 
$5.00 each. Manle Glen Poultry Faria, MiUerton, N.Y. 
WhiteWyandotte Cockerels 
LAYING STRAIN, FARM RANGE-$3.00. 
F. I). VAUGHAN : : Wy»lusing, Pa. 
S. C. WHITE LEGHORNS 
EGGS for Hatching. Cockerels for breeders 
i shipped on approval. BABY CHICKS. Orders 
. booked. Send for catalogue. 
Wm. W. Sterling' 6 Son, Cutchogue, L. I., N. Y. 
■Hi 
VERY farm can well support, at lenv cost its flock of chickens. And poultry 
raising, r ightly done , will net you a big satisfactory crop of dollars. 
But chicken raising demands the right tools—just as much as any other 
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best —and how you can make the most money with chickens on your farm. 
D*C T> 1. —Cyphers Company’s “Poultry Growers’ Guide 
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Study for a few moments the following chapter headings-they are right to the point, are rich 
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Year Hen—How to Produce Her. III.— Large Sized Eggs in Demand as Well as Lots of 
Them. IV.— Mating and Feeding of Fowls to Get Fertile Eggs. V.— Selection and Care of 
Eggs for Successful Hatching. VI.— Proper Care of Fowls and Chicks with Least Amount of 
Work. VII. —Howto Brood Chicks Properly at the Lowest Cost. VIII.— Premium-Price Table 
Poultry and How to Produce it. This big book also describes in full 
Cyphers 
Incubators 
and Brooders 
—and explains why they are used by wore leading fanciers, by more large poultry plants, by 
more state agricultural schools and Government Experiment Stations than all other _ m ak^s 
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letters from hundreds of successful poultry raisers in all parts of the country. 
Cyphers Company Service 
_which is fully explained In this book—means that we extend to our customers 
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11 ; .. rr 1 —now—for our free “Poultry Growers’Guide for 1912.” 
W Fite 1 Oday 244 pages, weighs a pound and it’s free, postpaid to any 
address. It should be worth many dollars to you. 
Cyphers Incubator Co., Dept, 38 
Factory and Home Offices, Buffalo, N. Y. 
New York. N. Y. Boston, Mass. Chicago, Dl. 
23 Barclay Street 12-14 Canal Street 340 N. Clark Street 
Kansas City, Mo. Oakland, Cal. London, England. 
817-319 Southwest Blvd. 1509 Broad way. 121-123 Finsbury Pavement. 
Six 
Branch| 
Stores 
Mandy Lee 
The incubator that is making chick I 
hatching a science. “Open front poultry house’’ 
plan of ventilation —openings at the epps. Heat, | 
moisture and ventilation regulated and appor-1 
tioned automatically. Great new feature. No j 
guessing. Hatches by rule. Send for latest book j 
free. CEO. H> LEE CO , 
1221 Harney St., Omaha, Neb. 
125Egglncubator$ 
and Brooder b F o t r 
If ordered together^ 
I Freight paid east of 
Rockies. Hot water, 
copper tanks, double 
walls, double glass 
doors. Free catalog 
them. Send for it today. 
Wisconsin Incubator Co., 
Racine, Wis. 
140 EGG INCUBATOR 
andl40 CHICK BROODER 
$10 
The incubator is Both 
California Red- 
wood, covered r 
with asbestos and galvanized 
iron; has triple walls, copper tank; 
nurserv; egg tester, thermo meter, ready 
, Trial — money back 
if not 0. K. Write for Free Catalog today. 
IroncJad Incubator Co., Dept. 90 Racine,Wis. 
1 Freight Paid 
1 East of 
*the Rockies _ 
to use. 30‘f>ftys’ Trial 
lit 
| Ire 
MAKE HENS LATH 
■ Tnore e 22 s; hrger, more vigorous chicks; 
heavier fowls, by feeding cut bone. 
IWLlW UAUU’C LATEST MODEL ~ 
I T* MANN 5 BONE CUTTEFf 
cuts fast, easy, fine; never clogs. 
■ to Days* Free Trial. No money in advance. Book free. 
liiF.W.MANN CO., Box 16 . MILFORD, MASS, m 
MacKellar’s Charcoal 
For Poultry is best. Coarse or fine granulated, also 
powdered. Buy direct from largest manufacturein of 
Charcoal Products. Ask for prices and sam plea Est. 1814 
R. MacKELLAR’S SONS CO., Peekskill, N.Y. 
GREIDER’S FINE POULTRY 
Book and calendar lor 1912 contains 200 
partis. 72varieties purebred,62colored plates. 
Many other illustrations, descriptions. 
Incubators and brooders. Low prices on all 
stock eggs. How to raise and make hens lay. 
Get my plans. They all say it’s great— 
this book—only 15 cents. 
B. H. GREIDER, Box 5 8, Rheems, Pa, 
r—Write for free Illus- 
LIGHT BRAHMAS' 
GRIT 
k MAKA-8HF.L SOLUBLE, 
^ Roughest grit on earth. In¬ 
creases egg production. 
k The original silica grit. 
1 , Avoid substitutes. Ask 
your local dealer, or 
send $1.00 for two 
lOO-lb. bags f. o. b. cars. Agents wanted 1 
EDGE HILL SILICA ROCK CO. 
Box J Now Brunswick. N. J 
KEYSTONE POULTRY FOODS 
MM Increase profits. Expert poultry men use 
them year after year and will accept no 
substitute. Profit by their experience. Use 
Keystone Poultry, Pigeon and Chick Foods. 
Exactly as represented. Once tried, always 
used. Write for Free Souvenir, and book- 
let. Do it now. 
Taylor Bros., lO Market St., Camden,N. J. 
■Send 2c stamp for Illustrated 
Catalog describing 35 varieties. 
EAST DONEGAL POULTRY YARDS -:- MARIETTA, PA. 
POULTRYMEN 
BARRED ROCKS trated Catalog on 
Danolds Strain Profitable Poultry Eggs. $2.00 a 
dozen. Danolds Farm, R. F. D. 19. Albion, N.Y. 
B 
ARRED ROCKS, Indian Runner Drakes, Toulouse 
Geese. Bred-to-lay strains. Nelson s, Grove City. Pa. 
Breeding Stock That Is Worth While 
TURKEYS. GEESE. DUCKS and CHICKENS. Eggs in season. 
W. It. CARLE, R. F. D. No. 1, Jacobsburo, Ohio. 
White Holland Turkejs-KSTSS™* 
breeding; hundreds of unsolicited testimonials 
from all parts of U. S. Early orders for best 
prices. 11. W. ANDERSON, Stkwartstown, Pa. 
White Holland Turkeys 
Fine stock with pink 
legs. Prize winners- 
Prices low. Mrs. Robt.T. Davis, Tally, Virginia. 
P 
WHITE HOLLAND TURKEYS 
Walnut Hill Stock Farm 
NATHANIEL BACON, Manager Talcott, W, Va. 
B EST WHITE HOLLAND TURKEYS, White Wyandotte Cock 
erels ami Toulouse Geese, for sale. Prices low for 
quality. K. SCHIKBKK, R F 1> 2, Bucyrns, O. 
URE BRED BRONZE TURKEYS FOR SALE-Prize winners. 
Stamp. Mrs. Harriet Chumbley, Draper, Va. 
Mammoth Bronze Turkeys—200 xu/keyS 
Toms, 20 to 30 lbs.; Hens, 14 to 20 lbs. Largest 
strain in tho U. S. Hickory Island Farm, Clayton, N. Y. 
Giant Bronze Toms cockerels, r |.S 
and $5.00. II. .1. VAN DYKE, Gettysburg, Pa. 
Mammoth Bronze Turkeys Hons,$4 
Sat. guar. G. HARRIS 
Toms,$ti. 
FIELD, The Plains, Va. 
Tj'/AIJ C A T T? Bar. and Buff P. Rock and 
" V7iv k?A.LL W. Wyandotte Cockerels. 
Strong, vigorous breeders of quality. Also PUL¬ 
LETS. Priee reasonable. Inspection solicited. 
DR. S. C. MOYER . . LANSDALE, PA. 
PULLETS and YEARLING HENS 
dottes, single and rose comb; Brown and W. Leg. 
horns, R. I. Reds. Write for just what you want 
and how much you wish to invest. MAPLE 
COVE POULTRY YARDS, R. 24, Athens, Pa. 
MAMMOTH PEKIN DUCKSISV” 
ing and vigor—trio, $6.00; one’drake, $4.00; ducks, 
$1.50 apiece. Trio Berkshire Pigs, 12 weeks old, 
$20.00. Cherry Hill Fruit Farm, Toboso, Licking Co., Ohio. 
M INCH BROS., Farm Bred Poultry of Show Quality. Light 
Brahmas, Barred Plymouth Rocks, White. Plymouth Rocks, 
Partridge Cochins, Partridge Wyandottes. Each variety bred 
on aej>arate farms. Breeding" stock and Eggs in season. 
MINCH BROS., Biudgkton, N. J. Paul G. Springer, Agent. 
‘—LARGE BIRDS—White 
and Barred Rocks. All 
pure stock. J. A. ROBERTS, Malvern, Pa. 
U/HITE ORPINGTON COCKERELS. Kellerstrass strain, 
"$1.75 each; R.C.B. Minorcas,cockerels.$1.25each. 
Indian Runner Ducks. Geo. Bawdish, Esperance, N. Y. 
T HE FARMER’S FOWl-Rose Comb Reds, best winter 
layers on earth. Eggs, $1.00 per 15. Catalogue 
free. THOS. WILDER, Route 1. Richland. N. Y. 
Rose Comb Reds-Indian Runner Ducks 
High-class breeders and young stock for show, 
utility and export. M ay return at my expense if not 
satisfactory. Sinclair Smith, 602 Fifth St., Brooklyn, N. Y. 
PRIZE-WINNING STRAINS IS. r ?S 
and Dark Brahmas, Single Comb White and Brown 
Leghorns, Barred Rocks, White Wyandottes, ma¬ 
tured Cockerels and yearling Hens from $1.50 up¬ 
ward. Bargain list gratis. F. M. Prescott, Riverdale, N.J. 
DOSE COMB R. I. RED COCKERELS now 
ready for service. Large, healthy.vigorous stock. 
Hens hatched and reared. "FOUR ACRES,” Nutley, N.J. 
F IFTY RHODE ISLAND RED COCKERELS for sale, from 
prize winners; $2.1)0 and up; both combs; great 
laying strain. Geo. II. Le Fever, Montgomery, N.Y. 
ftrt F.GGS $1 OO—Leading varieties, 52 breeds. Prize Ponl- 
ZU try. Pigeons, Hares, etc. Booklet free. Large illus. 
trated descriptive Catalog 10c. P. G. WILE, Telford, Pa- 
WHITE WYAND0TTES £S : .Sff 
Free range. Send for 1912 Mating List. Eggs. $1.50 
15; $ii.OO per 100._ CLARENCE H. FOGG, 
RIDGETON, N. J. R. F. D. No. 3. 
Snow-White Wyandottes Thoroughbred and 
cular free. 
ed to lay. Cir- 
Goldenhod Farm. Stewartstiwn, Pa. 
KEAN’S WHITE WYANDOTTES 
Extra fine Cockerels ready for service, $3.00 each. 
Pullets, $2.00 each. Guaranteed to satisfy the most 
fastidious. A Iso Choice Indian Runner Drakes, 
$2.00 each. E. FRANKLIN KEAN, Stanley, N.Y. 
