1912. 
SPITZENBURG APPLES. 
IF. A. M., Plainfield, N. J .—Can you 
tell me anything of the Spitzenburg apple, 
its habits of growth, age of bearing, and 
its general adaptability to the climate of 
Northern New Jersey and the red shale 
soil of Middlesex County. It seems to 
me that this apple should rank with the 
Northern Spy. Can you tell me why it 
does not? When does it ripen and is it 
a good keeper? 
Ans. —The Esopus Spitzenburg apple 
is one that requires very favorable cli¬ 
matic and soil conditions to bear -well. 
It is not a good self-pollinator, and is 
greatly improved by having other varie¬ 
ties planted near it so that their pollen 
will be carried by the bees to the pistils 
of the Spitzenburg flowers. Experiments 
have proved that the fruit of this va¬ 
riety has been benefited in some of the 
Oregon orchards in this way, where it 
is one of the standard market apples. 
Honey bees are the best agents known 
in carrying pollen from one variety to 
another, and it is very beneficial to have 
them near any orchard, and especially 
one that has varieties in it that are not 
good self-pollinators. Winds do very 
little service of this kind, according to 
scientific experiments that have been 
made by the Oregon Experiment Sta¬ 
tion. It is not so much any special va¬ 
riety that is needed, so that there is 
one or more growing near the weak 
pollinizers that bloom at the same time 
that their flowers do. The pollen of a 
practically self-sterile variety, such as 
the Spitzenburg, is often very effective 
on the flowers of other kinds. 
H. E. VAN DEMAN. 
Working Under Low Trees. 
•7. R., TTew York .—I would like to ask how 
it is possible to give thorough cultivation 
in an orchard with trees as low as those 
shown on page 1191. I do not see how you 
can get under them to work the soil. 
Ans.— I admit it does appear to be 
impossible for a team to work under 
these trees; however, the photograph 
reproduced on page 1191, Fig. 487, was 
taken just before picking time. We 
found no difficulty in plowing and drag¬ 
ging this orchard from early Spring un¬ 
til about July 15, the end of cultivation, 
when the weight of foliage and fruit 
began to bend the branches downward. 
This is owing to the fact that low¬ 
headed trees have a tendency to throw 
their branches upward so that they are 
out of the way during the Spring, 
while high-headed trees send their 
branches out more nearly at right angles. 
This is especially a characteristic of the 
Greening. Trees in the orchard shown 
can all be picked from 20-foot ladders; 
many of them have a spread of 35 feet. 
The weight of an average crop on these 
trees will bend the limbs in a long arch 
from the body of the tree, so that in 
spite of propping, the ends of the lower 
branches will rest on the ground. This 
accounts for the shrub-like appearance 
in the photograph. I would like to call 
attention to an error on page 1191 in 
regard to the Wealthy orchard. It 
should read 375 bushels instead of 375 
barrels. f. w. Cornwall. 
New York. 
New Plant Immigrants. 
The Bureau of Plant Industry has re¬ 
ceived seeds of asparagus species from the 
Caucasus, which are to be used in efforts 
to breed rust-resistant forms, and also 
improved forms for the use of florists. 
Other species are from .Teolikote. India. As¬ 
paragus fllicinus being introduced as an im¬ 
provement over A. plumosus for florists’ 
use. being both hardier and handsomer. 
A species of Convolvulus (Morning-glory 
family) is the so-called rose-root, of which 
seeds have been secured from Puerto Oro- 
tava. Teneriffe, Canary Islands. Two varie¬ 
ties, C. florldus and C. seoparius, are among 
the comparatively few shrubby species of 
the genus. They have become rare in the 
islands because of the use of the roots 
to furnish a clear, amber-colored oil with 
a rose-like smell, used to adulterate attar 
of roses. The C. floridus. locally known as 
Guadil, is an ornamental shrub, which in 
flower is one of the brightest and most at¬ 
tractive obpeets in the Teneriffe landscape. 
The pale powdered green of the leaves 
forms an excellent background for the 
masses of pure white flowers, which so 
completely cover the shrub that it appears 
as if covered with newly fallen snow. The 
plant is a rapid grower and should flower 
in the second or third year. 
Medicago falcata is described as an Al¬ 
falfa from Tomsk, Siberia. “A tall, semi- 
erect form of ‘Sliolteek’ growing four to 
five feet in height, having much foliage 
and bearing large pods containing heavy 
seeds. Apparently very little shattering. 
Collected in the Botanical Garden of the 
University of Tomsk. To be tested for 
forage purposes and for hybridization ex¬ 
clusively.” 
A species of beau (Phaseolus) from the 
South Sea Islands, was presented to the 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
Bureau by the Rev. Father C. N. Field of 
Boston, Mass., who says: ‘‘I never tasted 
a variety as delicious as this one. They 
were given to me by a man who had trav¬ 
eled aroimd the world. They thrived much 
better than ordinary scarlet runner beans, 
on very poor soil near Boston, grew ten 
feet high and were remarkably productive. 
They were eaten baked after removing the 
pods and are especially sweet." 
Mr. William II. Michael. American con¬ 
sul at Calcutta. India, writes the Bureau, 
November 13. that he has been looking into 
the matter of canning mangos as practiced 
in India. He finds that the work is being 
done by a young Indian who was trained 
in the United States, and with machinery 
obtained from the United States. This 
young man, whose factory last year turned 
out 20.000 cans of mangos and pineapples, 
and who this year expects to put up 18.000 
cans of mangos and 12.000 cans of litcliis, 
says that there is practically no difference 
in canning mangos from the methods used 
in canning the large freestone peaches of 
California. The fruit so far put up has 
withstood shipment to England and in the 
cans examined the fruit retained its flavor 
as well as could be expected. 
Mountain Grass.—I have been told that 
there is a grass called “mountain grass,” 
and that you have only to sow it on the 
top of the ground in the Spring to get good 
pasture for cattle. Can you tell me about 
this? D. B. 
Pennsylvania. 
Quality in Squash Wanted. —Will some 
of our R. N.-Y. friends recommend some of 
the best quality squashes they know of? 
We have been growing the green or warted 
Hubbard squash, and prepare them by 
baking or steaming, but find very few 
specimens that are as dry and mealy as 
squashes could or should be. Does not the 
Hubbard require a longer and more favor¬ 
able season to mature than some other va¬ 
rieties? j. F. T. 
Pennsylvania. 
Sprouted Oats. —On page 1185 I noticed 
the answers about sprouted oats. I do not 
use sprouted oats as a green food. I let 
the oats just sprout, that means the root¬ 
lets are about one-half to three-fourths inch 
long, and the sprout is one-fourth to oue- 
half inch in length. In that way I do not 
lose the grain, also have a certain amount of 
plant life for my trouble of sprouting. 
Hancock, N. H. c. w. c. 
Adapting Grasses. —In a report on pas¬ 
turing the forest reserves the National For¬ 
estry Division says: 
“Red-top was found to succeed better 
than any other cultivated grass ou poorly 
drained bogs where the soil is acid, while 
Hungarian Bronte grass is better adapted 
to arid localities. Timothy is fairly drought 
resistant, and yet can be depended upon to 
make a good stand in moist meadows” 
That is in line with common experience. 
We have' seeded Timothy and Red-top to¬ 
gether on land slightly sour. After the 
second year the sod was almost pure Red- 
top. When lime is freely used the Tim¬ 
othy crowds in. On drained swamp land 
Red-top is an excellent grass, but when 
such soil is well aired and heavily limed 
Timothy will often grow shoulder high. In 
like manner Alsike clover will often make 
a fair crop on soil so wet and sour that 
Red clover would die. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-Y. and you’ll get a quick reply and a 
“square deal.” See guarantee editorial page. 
The 
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Sweet, crisp, fluffy bits 
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Please 
Particular 
People 
“The Memory Lingers” 
Postum Cereal Company, Limited, 
Battle Creek, Mich. 
miiiiiii 
Prices 
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Grind BULLDOG 
Feed on the 
TEN DA YS 
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LETZ MFC. COMPANY 
204 E. Road, Crown Point, Ind/ 
FOUR TOOLS IN ONE 
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Bo* 1022, GRENL0CH, N. J. 
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Dept.T, 3709 S. Ashloud Av.,Chicago,III. 
