14'Q 
February 
NEW YORK AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
PART II. 
Geo. W. Sisson, Jr., of Potsdam, president 
of the New York State Breeders’ Associa¬ 
tion, read bis annual report. He stated 
that upon the Breeders’ Association de¬ 
pended in a large measure the responsibility 
for the healthfulness of the live stock of 
the State and the resulting food products ; 
that in order to stamp out bovine tuberculo¬ 
sis there must he perfect harmony between 
the braiders and the State authorities; in 
the final analysis the clearing up of the 
herds rested with the honest breeder and 
the honest veterinarian. Speaking of local 
fairs he declared that the judging of live 
stock had descended to the mere passing 
out of premium money; that it was done 
in altogether a too hurried manner and 
ofttimes by incompetent judges. 
William Church Osborn, a member of the 
New York Food Investigation Commission, 
among other things, said that the investi¬ 
gation of the food question—a very insist¬ 
ent problem—should be undertaken and 
should result in early action tending to 
secure the farmer against impositions from 
unreliable commission houses, and with 
the establishment of that business on a 
firmer basis much of the friction which has 
existed would pass away. The speaker 
considered the main point of securing a 
larger price to the farmer and a smaller 
price to the consumer partly a local prob¬ 
lem depending upon improved farm condi¬ 
tions. cooperation among farmers and oppor¬ 
tunities and facilities afforded by respective 
municipalities. 
Dr. Ira S. Wile of New York read a 
highly interesting paper on the ability of 
the consumer to reduce the high cost of 
living by more judicious selection and econ¬ 
omy in purchase of foods, in which he told 
how esthetic packages for foods increased 
the necessity for advertising, which the con¬ 
sumer pays for but cannot eat. The doctor 
is in favor of cooperation ; if farmers could 
arrange for the distribution of their wares 
in a city through their representatives, co¬ 
operative markets could be established. 
Governor Dix opened the session Tuesday 
evening. He introduced Commissioner 
l’earson to the desk to read his third annual 
address as president of the society. Com¬ 
missioner Pearson’s greeting from the well- 
filled chamber, and even the galleries were 
occupied, must have been most gratifying to 
the retiring official, and the courteous words 
of file Governor in presenting him were 
thoroughly appreciated by the; audience. 
The'address of the president. Commissioner 
Pearson, was full of facts and figures on 
many subjects, but none more interesting 
than those gathered by the Department as 
a result of a study of prices received by 
farmers in different parts of the State, 
of prices paid by consumers in the same 
places, and of direct trading by the farm¬ 
ers. Agricultural educational matters re¬ 
ceived due attention in the report. Espe¬ 
cially interesting was the suggestion that it 
might well be within the province of some 
department • of the State government to 
obtain information regarding the standing 
and financial responsibility of all those 
commission men soliciting shipments—this 
data to be furnished on application to farm¬ 
ers ; the average farmer not being in a 
position to obtain such from the city banks 
or from other sources. The report advo¬ 
cated the bringing into closer relation of 
every description of agricultural and 
breeders’ society, and with the State society 
as a nucleus arranging for an annual gath¬ 
ering with an entire week given over to 
meetings of the patent and allied societies. 
On the second day, after listening to re¬ 
ports of the secretary and treasurer the 
society elected these officers to serve the 
ensuing year: President. Geo. W. Sisson, 
Jr., Potsdam ; vice-presidents, John J. Dil¬ 
lon. New York, Ezra Tuttle, Easthampton, 
Gilbert M. Tucker. Albany, G. Fred Boshert, 
Lowville, W. It. Smith, Syracuse, O. U. 
Kellogg. Cortland, W. C. Barry, Rochester, 
Clark Allis, Medina, G. Howard Davidson, 
Millbrook ; secretary, A. E. Brown. Batavia; 
treasurer, Harry B. Winters, Albany. Ex¬ 
ecutive committee: E. Van Alstyne, Kinder- 
liook. A. R. Eastman. Waterville, A. Dennis- 
ton, Waterville, F. W. Sessions. Utica, T. 
B. Wilson, Hall; W. W. Ware, Batavia, 
E. II. Chapman. Albany, and E. W. Catch- 
pole, North Rose. W. R. Smith of Syracuse, 
chairman of committee on agricultural edu¬ 
cation, reported its work had been most 
successful and that the public had received 
what had been done by it in the best spirit. 
James A. D. S. Findlay of Salisbury 
Mills, was introduced as the most successful 
grower of Alfalfa in this State. For five 
years, he said, Ire tried different methods 
on his farm, meeting with various degrees 
of success. He now has 22 acres in Al¬ 
falfa and plans eventually to have 200 
acres in this crop. For feeding he found 
Alfalfa superior to hay. In a year, he de¬ 
clared, a farmer will save $40 per cow by 
feeding Alfalfa. E. II. Dollar of Heuvelton 
was introduced as a man who knew the 
cost of producing farm products and who 
once sold a cow for $8,000. He said it cost 
on an average $42 to raise a cow to the age 
where milk is salable. The cost of produc¬ 
ing potatoes by A. K. Nichols, of Java, and 
the cost of raising truck crops, by W. W. 
Ware of Batavia, were two papers listened 
to attentively by the audience which 
jammed the assembly parlor all during the 
morning meeting. W. N. Giles of Skanoa- 
toles outlined the benefits that might come 
from cooperative buying and selling, il the 
day ever comes when farmers will lay aside 
their distrust of each other and get to¬ 
gether. Col. William Cary Sanger, of San- 
gerfield. read an exhaustive paper on the 
development of agricultural resources. Col. 
Sanger is the lay member of the State 
Commission of Lunacy, and incidentally 
told something of the work of that body. 
He begged the farmers to keep both the 
young and old from the temptations of al¬ 
cohol. which he said was responsible for 15 
per cent of the insanity cases in the State 
to-day. He was pleased to tell that the 
number of the insane coming from farms 
was decreasing. 
A joint session of the society with the 
State Breeders’ Association was held in the 
assembly chamber in the afternoon, which 
was well attended; the president of the 
Breeders’ Association, George W. Sisson, 
Jr., presiding. Out of the question box 
came a single question—-what shall we do 
to obtain our proper share of the money 
paid for milk? Mr. Gerow of Orange Co., 
answered by saying this result could only 
he obtained through cooperation; then he 
proceeded to tell that the meetings thus far 
had almost entirely neglected what he eon- 
XITH; NEW-YORKER 
sidered the most vital problem facing the 
farmer to-day—the necessity for cooperation. 
With but $0,000 such societies could 
be formed that could easily dispose of 
$100,000 of products annually, and thus 
could larger returns be secured to the farm¬ 
er. Papers on the cost of milk production 
wore then read by Albert Manning of Otis- 
ville, and Homer N. Jones, of Homer; and 
on the cost of producing poultry and eggs 
by II. O. Palen of Highland. 
A short talk on cost of pork production 
was next on the program and Calvin J. 
Huson, the new Commissioner of Agricul¬ 
ture designate, arose before the attendance 
for the first time since his appointment was 
announced. Mr. Iluson prefaced his talk 
by saying, ‘‘I hope I may be pardoned if I 
say a word now, at a time when any changes 
likely to be made may cause misgivings; 
but I desire to assure you that it will be 
the purpose of him who has been selected 
to preside over the Department of Agricul¬ 
ture to continue the same general policies 
and maintain the same high degree of effi¬ 
ciency that has characterized the adminis¬ 
tration of Commissioner Pearson in that de¬ 
partment.” Mr. Iluson’s personality evi¬ 
dently impressed his hearers and his talk 
was well received as a plain, common-sense 
discussion of the subject assigned him. 
Prof. C. S. Plumb of the Ohio State Uni¬ 
versity brought the session to a close with 
liis paper on the cost of mutton production. 
The Assembly parlor was crowded Thurs¬ 
day morning when Ezra Tuttle, chairman 
of the committee on transportation, mar¬ 
kets and grievances, rose to read his re¬ 
port. It was recommended that the com- 
plctest information possible concerning 
agricultural labor, products and markets be 
collected and disseminated; that there be 
supervision over all sales on commission; 
that commission men be bonded and li¬ 
censed ; that public markets be organized; 
that parcels posts be advocated and that 
a State markets commission be established 
by law. In a paper following the report 
Air. Tuttle elaborated his ideas for the es¬ 
tablishment of public markets in New York 
City, 22 in all. with warehouse terminals, 
cold storage and canning and pickling fac¬ 
tories in connection to care for unsold 
products. The committee report was ap¬ 
proved and the paper discussed; it met 
with approbation, though many deemed it 
rather .more progressive than practical 
Stanley II. Abbott, president of the Boston 
Co-operative Milk Producing Company, told 
of the milk situation last year in that 
city; the story of the struggle has already 
been printed in The R. N.-Y. The paper 
on co-operative marketing, read by W. H. 
Ingling, of Freehold, N. ,T., was an inter¬ 
esting account of how Monmouth County 
farmers had worked out their problems of 
sale of products through' co-operation. The 
secretary of the Ohio State Board of Agri¬ 
culture spoke on the producer and the con- 
su met. 
Hon. E. A. Merritt, Jr., Speaker of the 
Assembly, presided at the afternoon ses¬ 
sion in the Assembly chamber, and in his 
brief speech said he considered the subject 
of how to obtain efficient agricultural labor 
was most important; he recommended that 
some steps be taken to secure for New 
York a portion of the Northern European 
emigrants now settling in Wisconsin and 
other Western States. Hon. A. P. Sandies, 
of Columbus, Ohio, told of the improve¬ 
ments possible in county and town fairs, 
and was followed by J. P. E. Clark, of 
Binghamton, manager of the Binghamton 
Industrial Exposition, who delivered one of 
the best speeches of the meeting, on the 
same subject. Prof. F. C. Minkler, from 
the New Jersey State Agricultural Experi¬ 
ment Station, brought the session to a close 
with his paper on live stock at fairs. 
While this afternoon session was in prog¬ 
ress the State Breeders’ Association was in 
session in another part of the .building, en¬ 
gaged in selecting officers for the year 
1912. These are new officials: President, 
Calvin .T. Iluson. Penn Yan; vice-president, 
F. W. Sessions, Utica ; secretary, Albert N. 
Brown, Batavia; treasurer, Wing R. Smith. 
Syracuse: directors, Professor IT. II. Wing. 
Ithaca; Dr. C. D. Sinead, Hector; II. B. 
Winters, Albany, and George A. Smith. 
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Froma Photograph Showing the Last Stepin Locating the Exact Center of Population of the United States. 
“The Center of Population’ 
A Title that Fits Every Bell Telephone 
From the census of 1910 it is found that the center of population is in Bloomington, 
Indiana, latitude 39 degrees 10 minutes 12 seconds north, and longitude 
86 degrees 32 minutes 20 seconds west. 
“If all the people in the United 
States were to be assembled in 
one place, the center of population 
would be the point which they 
could reach with the minimum 
aggregate travel, assuming that 
they all traveled in direct lines 
from their residence to the meet¬ 
ing place.” 
— U. S. Census Bulletin. 
This description gives a word 
picture of every telephone in the 
Bell system. 
Every Bell telephone is the 
center of the system. 
It is the point which can be 
reached with “the minimum aggre¬ 
gate travel,” by all the people 
living within the range of tele¬ 
phone transmission and having 
access to Bell telephones. 
Wherever it may be on the map, 
each Bell telephone is a center for 
purposes of intercommunication. 
To make each telephone the 
center of communication for the 
largest number of people, there 
must be One System, One Policy 
and Universal Service for a 
country of more than ninety 
million. 
American Telephone and Telegraph Company 
And Associated Companies 
One Policy One System Universal Service 
