1G4 
THE KUKAL NEW-YORKER 
February 17, 
BIG “LITTLE THINGS” IN SPRAYING. 
I have been asked’ to write about 
some of the “little things” in spraying; 
The fact is, there are no little things 
about spraying, as in many other 
things. This seems to be a lesson that 
fruitgrowers generally—the writer in¬ 
cluded—have to learn. There is only a 
little difference between the joint a 
barn carpenter and a cabinet-maker can 
make, but that difference is, after all, 
a wide one. There are three requisites 
in successful spraying—the right mix¬ 
ture, at the right time, in the right way. 
These all seem easy enough, yet consid¬ 
erable experience seems to be necessary 
before they are successfully mastered. 
The writer was quite discouraged at 
the start with his indifferent success in 
this work, and only because others were 
meeting with good results was he en¬ 
couraged to continue. That, however, 
was before spraying equipment was 
well developed. 
Probably the point where most fail¬ 
ures in gaining satisfactory results are 
made is in thoroughness in making the 
application. If anyone doqbts this let 
him observe how few orchards that 
have been sprayed are thoroughly and 
evenly covered. In order to do this 
kind of work there are several factors 
which must be taken into account. The 
wind, the pressure maintained by the 
pump, the nozzles, the position of the 
operator, the handling of the extension 
rods all are important. Different meth¬ 
ods have to be employed, too, with 
large trees after growth is well ad¬ 
vanced than while the trees are dor¬ 
mant. It is not so very difficult to do 
good work in small trees or at times 
when several days are allowed in mak¬ 
ing the application, but at those times 
when the work must be done in a short 
time the spray must be applied as 
thoroughly as possible regardless of ad¬ 
verse winds or other hindering causes. 
The most difficult application of all is 
the one just before the blossoms open. 
When the little peduncles or flower 
stems are half to three-fourths of an 
inch long and the blossoms are begin¬ 
ning to show color is a most critical 
time with the apple crop. The scab is 
liable to attack the tender stems, if 
favorable weather for its development 
prevails, and destroy the blossoms. 
Only three or four days are allowed as 
a rule for making this application, for 
the spray does not afford full protec¬ 
tion if applied before the peduncles are 
fully developed, and very soon after 
this the flowers are opened too much to 
permit of spraying. So that it is most 
important to do a thorough job while 
going over the trees but once, and this 
despite unfavorable winds or other un¬ 
toward circumstances. The time may 
be lengthened somewhat by taking the 
varieties in the order of blossoming, as 
some kinds open their blossoms later 
than others. The application following 
blossoming may take a little longer 
time, and the foliage is sufficiently ad¬ 
vanced to check the force of the wind 
to some extent, but it is not safe to de¬ 
pend on any change in the air currents 
for doing a complete job at this time. 
I once knew a man who sprayed one 
side of his apple trees at this time and 
then waited about 10 days for the wind 
to change before spraying the opposite 
side and the result was a loss of fully 
$500 in the value of his crop. 
In order to reach all parts of large 
trees under these conditions it is neces¬ 
sary to have nozzles of considerable 
carrying capacity. Nozzles of the ver- 
morel or Friend type, while making the 
ideal, mistlike spray, are not adapted 
to this work. Something like the Bor¬ 
deaux nozzle is better. We use the 
calla a good deal. Some makes of the 
P'riend kind of nozzles have a remov¬ 
able disc with diagonal holes and I 
have plugged up these and drilled 
straight holes instead and find these do 
much better for large trees than with 
the slanting openings. It is of the ut¬ 
most importance, too, that the pump be 
kept in proper running order so that a 
good pressure shall be maintained. There 
is considerable wear on the plunger 
packing and cylinder, and on the plun¬ 
ger rod as well where this works 
through a stuffing box. Where Bor¬ 
deaux mixture or other sprays with 
considerable lime is used the grit in the 
lime rapidly cuts away these parts and 
causes leaks so that the pressure is 
greatly reduced. We have sometimes 
had to repack the plunger as often as 
once in two days, so great has been the 
v/ear. The high pressure is necessary 
not only to reach the tops and extreme 
parts of the trees but to break up the 
spray as well, for with these nozzles 
only a shower is made instead of the 
mist which is needed unless the pres¬ 
sure is good. 
Many people provide themselves with 
very long extension rods, but this is a 
jnatter that is secondary to that of noz¬ 
zles. With nozzles that will carry well 
the matter of a foot or two on the rods 
does not count much, and very long 
rods are bungling and inconvenient to 
handle. For most purposes we use an 
eight-foot rod and seldom one longer 
than that. Extremely long ones are 
hard to hold and often become tangled 
among the limbs. We find no difficulty 
in reaching all parts of our large trees 
with the rods and nozzles described. 
They should be provided with cut-offs 
that do not leak, and all hose connec¬ 
tions should be kept tight with good 
gaskets. edward hutchins. 
Allegan County, Mich. 
Too Much Wood on Peach Trees. 
The most trying thing that I have got 
to contend with is too much wood growth 
for peaches. I have 1,000 trees that have 
been set five years; they have made a 
great growth. I have cut them hack every 
year since they were sot, also at setting 
time. Wouldn't it be better if I pruned 
this year after they were leaved out? 
H. A. 
In such cases we conclude that th 
ground is too rich in nitrogen and th. 
jieavy pruning induces new growth. We let 
them alone in Winter and use phosphate 
and potash with late Summer pruning. This 
matures the wood earlier and helps form 
fruit buds. 
Privet for Hedge. 
In regard to privet for hedging purposes, 
which is the better kind to use, the common 
sort or the kind known as California privet? 
Is it advisable to grow from seed? 
South Jamaica, L. I. s. j. 
California privet is the best for the 
hedges. It is not advisable to grow it 
from seed; cuttings are commonly used. 
They root very easily, and make a quick 
growth. 
THE VAN DUSEN NURSERIES 
GENEVA, N. Y. 
W. L. McKAY, Proprietor 
M “HOW CHEAP” but “HOW GOOD” 
We don’t advertise "Bargains, ” 
but here are a few of the many 
REAL GOOD THINGS 
from our 1912 CATALOGUE 
FOR JUST A DOLLAR—1 Cherry Trees —Early Richmond, 
Gov. Wood, Montmorency and ABESSE D’OIGNIES 
the newest, best and latest of all, and grown only by 
vs. These four will give you fruit for over six weeks. 
ONE ACRE OF CHERRY ORCHARD, S15.00 
B DWARF APPLES and one standard STEARNS APPLE, 
owned exclusively by us, $2.50 
16 DWARF APPLES, earliest to latest, all different, and 
one STEARNS, 34.00 
McKAY’S LATE PEACH 
shown in the Rural for January 6th, page % 
Fresh Burned AGRICULTURAL LIME 
$3.00 per Ton 
LOTS OF OTHER GOOD THINGS 
Yes, we grow our own trees— come and see 
our plant—375 acres of Nursery stock, Fruit 
and just Plain Farm!—right across the 
road from the State Experiment Station. 
BETTER SEND FOR CATALOGUE? 
Remember the man —■ 
w. 
BOX F 
GENEVA, N. Y. 
500,OOOTrees for Sale 
ROSES, SHRUBS and VINES 
Buy trees direct, save half your money. 
We sell absolutely the best trees money can buy and 
charge you about half of what you pay agents. Our 
trees are triple inspected before shipment. You get 
only perfect trees. 
AGENTS PRICES Ctn/N TWO « 
Greens. 
Trees 
o/rect ro roa. 
Trees are northern-grown, hardy, healthy, shapely. 
Get our Free Book—‘“How I Made the Old Farm Pay." 
Tells how to prune, graft and grow trees, shrubs and 
plants. Ask for our valuable 1912 catalog. 
Established S3 years. Capital ft 00,000 
GREEN'S NURSERY CO., Box22i. Rochester, N. Y. 
FRUIT BASKETS and CRATES 
of all kinds 
Also PLANT BOXES 
_ Write for Catalogue 
and Price List. 
WEBSTER BASKET GO. 
Webster, Monroe Co., N.Y. Box 14 
Make Every Acre Net $200 Each Year 
I An acre of Berries will bring more net profit than ten acres 
of corn or wheat—WITH LESS WORK—five acres, more | 
I income than the salary of the average state senator. Be 
growing is a solid, permanent business. City people f 
are eating more and more berries. Prices arej 
i double what they were ten years ago. 
j Learn the facts. Get Knight’s 1912 Book 
of Small Fruits. It’s free if you write soon.. 
DAVID KNIGHT A SON 
}Box 105 Sawyer, Michigan I 
Sixty-four Years! 
Every packet of Henderson’s 
seeds that is sold has behind it 
the experience of 64 years of 
successful seed growing and 
selling. The methods of seed 
testing and trials that were the 
best three generations ago, have 
been improved and bettered by 
us from year to year and are 
to-day still the best. The initial 
cost of the seeds is really the 
smallest cost of your garden and 
it pays to be sure you have 
started right. Henderson's are 
Tested Seeds. 
Special Offer 
Our 1912 Catalogue, Everything for the 
Garden, a book of 204 pages, 
over 800 illustrations, color 
plates, etc., will be mailed 
on receipt of 10 cents. In ad¬ 
dition we will send our Gar¬ 
den Guide and Kecord and 
our collection of G Hender¬ 
son’s Specialties, in a cou¬ 
pon envelope which will be 
accepted as 25 cents on any 
order of one dollar or over. 
Peter Henderson & Co. 
35-37 Certlandt Street 
NEW YORK 
Buy Field’s Seeds 
KNOW WHAT 
'0 YOU GET 
Buying untried or un¬ 
known seed is a gamble 
—a mighty expensive 
one, too. Don’t do it! 
Try my better way—let me sell 
you the same kind of seeds that I 
grow in my own truck gardens. 
Every Lot of My Seed 
Gets Several Tests, 
I know when and whereit wasgrown. 
1 make microscope tests, and germ¬ 
ination tests and plant it in my own trial 
gardens, keeping accurate records 
of what it does. Then I grow my 
own market garden crops from it, 
so it’s got to be right. I'm not in 
business to lose money. Field’s 
seeds are the right kind of stuff I 
Let’s swap experiences—you mail me your name 
on a postal and I’ll send you my new Garden 
Manual. You’ll find it interesting and worth 
while. 
HENRY FIELD, President 
Henry Field Seed Co. 
Desk 26 SHENANDOAH, IOWA 
GREGORYS 
For over 55 years Gregory’s Honest Seed have 
maintained unquestioned superiority. We use 
greatest care to list only the best varieties and 
then select only the choicest seed of those varie¬ 
ties. The result Is Sure Crops, Big Crops, Rapid 
Fruiting. Here are some choice selections that 
you will find highly profitable. The brief de¬ 
scriptions can only suggest their excellence. 
You will find a fatter, fuller purse at the sea¬ 
son’s end if you plant them. Send for prices. 
DELICIOUS SWEET CORN 
Crogory'a Imp. Orlg. Crosby —Has preference 
over all others for family use, and high grade 
canneries. Very sweet, large ears, big cropper. 
Quincy Market— Test its merits. Guaranteed de¬ 
cidedly superior to average early varieties or 
money back. Ripens between Cory and Crosby. 
Cregory's Cory— Earliest in this country. 
Gregory's Early Mammoth— Fine mid-season. 
Seed of all the above is grown on our own farm. 
CHOICEST SQUASH 
Symmes* Blue Hubbard —Growers give It un¬ 
stinted praise. Thrifty grower. Keeps well. 
We mean it when we say "unexcelled.” All seed 
grown on our own farm. 
Cregory's Imp. Prolltlo— Earliest of the mar¬ 
rows. Decidedly better. Very attractive. 
Cregory’s Delicious— Unapproached in dryness, 
sweetness and rich flavor. 
Gregory’s Bay State, Cregory's Victor and 
Cregory's Warren— Three varieties favored by 
critical growers. Give them garden space. 
VERY SELECT PEAS 
Cregory’s Excelsior— Finest low-growing, sec¬ 
ond-early pea. Hardy. Large pods and peas. 
Stout vines. Splendid cropper. 
Admiral Dewey— Largest podded pea grown. 
Excellent quality. Best of late varieties. 
UNUSUAL CUCUMBERS 
Vickery's Forcing— Excellent outdoors or under 
glass. Wonderfully prolific. Seed is pure stock. 
Twontleth Contury— Ideal for slicing. Crisp and 
tender. Continuous producer. Few culls. Longer 
than Vickery. Our own grown seed. 
GET OUR 1912 CATALOGUE 
Always did lead, and keeps getting better every 
rear. Lists the best in vegetable seed, bulbs, 
lowers and small fruit. Handsome and truthful 
illustrations and accurate information always 
given. Enables you to select varieties with abso¬ 
lute confidence as to results. 
Our SI .00 Collection gives a complete assort¬ 
ment lor an all season vegetable garden. Only 
best varieties Inoluded. Other special oilers 
Irom 1 O cents upward. 
Don’t think of starting your garden without ref¬ 
erence to this great 84-page book. Send now. 
J.J.H.Gregoxt $ Son, )4 Elm ST.,M*xBLEHEXD,Mxti. 
I 
QORN, OATS, POTATOES And GRASSES 
will yield more for you with better seed. Our 
free catalogue will help you get it. Write to-day. 
A. H. HOFFMAN, Bamford, Pa. 
OATS T™ 
GREEN MOUNTAIN. Wonderful new 
variety. Yields 130 bushels to acre. Absolutely 
rust proof. Out-vields Swedish Select; five year test. Cir¬ 
cular free. G. A. REA' 
SAD, Read's Exp, Farius, Charlotte, Yt. 
Dnintl QqqHc SALE—I have as flue a 
UIIIUII OCClio strain as there is in Ohio. Send 
for prices. J. B. QUIKK, North Madison, Ohio. 
I ET ME SAYE YOU MONEY —.''end for wholesale price list of 
L Fruit Trees and Berry Plants. Ward Blackberry Plants, $7.00 
per M. Ask about Kanere Kverbearing Raspberry—my intro¬ 
duction. ELMER A. PRIESTLEY, R.F.D. No. 1, Winslow, N. J. 
STRAW 
BERRY & RASP 
BERRY 
Wholesale Price To Fruit Growers 
On First-Class Plants and Vines 
We have all the standard varieties of Strawberries. 
Blackberries, Bed and Black Raspberries, Grape 
Vines, etc. Special prices on large lots. Satisfac¬ 
tion guaranteed. Send for price list. BRIDGMAN 
NURSERY CO.. Box K. Bridgman, Mich. 
Stick to 
Strawberries 
Because of bad seasons 25 per cent less 
acreage will be planted. <)ld beds were 
destroyed by the drouth. 
Tust as sure as the sun shines, there’s 
going to be a shortage and high prices. Take 
advantage of this , and plant big acreage. 
Get Our 1912 Catalog 
Jones’ Strawberry Plants grow in the loose, 
fine sand and silt of Maryland’s “ Eastern 
Shore.” Hair roots are not broken in digging. 
No better plants are produced anywhere. 
Get our book and learn how we handle orders 
so satisfactorily that from the hundreds filled, 
there’s not one complaint. Book is free. 
j. w. JONES & SON 
30 South Road, Allen, Maryland 
Plants. Best varieties. 
1 — --- — Prices always right. . 
I SEED Corn, Potatoes and all oilier seeds. Catalog FREE. 
j FORD SEED CO., lltjii, ‘id. Ravenna, Ohio 
STR A WRFR R IF^~ Get tl10 ^ est plants at 
j D 1 IVH. YY DCIUUED i OW p ri ees. Send for our 
30th Annual Catalog. Tty BETH ML, best new 
| one. SLAVMAKER & SON, Wyoming, Del. 
50,000 Wilder & Fays 
One and two year old, $14 to $18 per M. 5,000 lots 
less. J. F. WYGANT, Marlboro, New York 
S TRAW BERK V PLANTS-A11 the now and 
old varieties. Send for my New Illns. Catalog 
for 1!)12, free. DAVII) RODWAY, Hartly, Del. 
V EGETABLE PLANTS For Sale —Also Strawberry Plants 
Catalogue free. S. C. Atherton, Greenwood, Del 
A PPLE SCIONS from Trees that are growing, prize¬ 
winning fruit. John H. Barclay, Cranbury N.J. 
Patentee 
Oct. 6th 
190 S 
PRUNING SAW 
Operates from ground. No breaking of limbs 
by climbing. No moving of ladders. No sawing 
of wrong limbs. Can reach topmost branches and 
6 hape tree better than by old methods. Will save its 
costin one day. Nothing to get out of order. Will last 
for years. Thousands in use. Recommended by all users. 
If your dealer can't furnish it, write for full descriptive 
circular and prices. Satisfaction guaranteed. Address 
FRUITGROWERS' SAW CO.. Scottsville, N. Y. 
TREE GAUGE FREE. 
(Size ; Nearly 3 inches in diameter.) 
Don’t keep on buying a “pig in a bag.” Get behind a 
Morey tree gauge and get what you pay for. It acts like a 
guarantee on a bag of fertilizer. 
Our catalogue, too, will open your eyes. Both are free. 
THE J. B. MOREY NURSERIES, DANSVILLE, N. Y. 
For nearly 50 years one of Dansville’s leading nurseries 
Seed Corn, Potatoes, Oats- 
all carefully selected, improved varieties, J 
grown on our own farm. We grow all our I 
own seeds and are not mere dealers, so we | 
can furnish the very highest grade of seed 
at the lowest prices. Get our Catalog anti 
Wholesale Price List and buy direct at half 
agents’ prices. We offer choice selected 
strains of 
BEETS, CABBAGE, CELERY, ONIONS 
and Garden Seeds of all kinds. Catalog 
Free; its worth having. Ask for Market 
Gardeners’ Wholesale Price List, if 
you grow for market. 
JOSEPH HARRIS CO. 
- BOX 52 - 
Coldwater, N.Y.^x^ 
