1912 . 
am 
COMMUNITY COW BREEDING. 
The advent and in the main successful 
introduction of the cow-testing associa¬ 
tions, has called out yet another ad¬ 
vance in the breeding, and general pro¬ 
motion of the dairy industry, new in 
this country, but old in Europe, and the 
real foundation structure of pure 
breeds. Community breeding, the prac¬ 
tice of a large number of breeders of a 
local community, or governmental dis¬ 
trict, all adopting one particular breed 
of stock, whether of cattle, horses or 
sheep, and by mutual consent, or agree¬ 
ment, holding to that breed, maintaining 
its purity, and striving to administer to 
its betterment, and with this in mind 
breeding in harmonious lines, as to the 
development, and bettering the qualities 
of the stock; in other words, finding out 
what qualities and temperaments of the 
stock best “nick” and eliminate the 
crossing of inharmonious and antago¬ 
nistic blood lines, and proceed to bring 
out the old law that “like produces like” 
with greater certainty than where an 
opposed principle is introduced. 
One of the greatest defects in the 
dairy breeding customs of this country, 
is its mixed breeding of the dairy herds, 
not only the crossing and recrossing of 
the common stock, but the crossing this, 
with different recognized breeds until all 
actual dairy influence is subordinated to 
the uncontrolled elements of the appar¬ 
ently “submerged”; but the crossing 
and out-crossing of the purebreds is 
being indulged in by hundreds of farm¬ 
ers, until it would be a wise cow in¬ 
deed that could find her recorded title 
on the family cow “tree.” And yet it 
is this community breeding across the 
water, that has given us all that is best 
in foundation breeding, given us the un¬ 
mixed of that breeding until we have 
what is known as prepotency, transmit¬ 
ted temperament, and transmissible her¬ 
edity, and we go to these places abroad, 
and pay vast sums of money for these 
lines of community breeding, and bring 
them to this country, and while the few 
maintain purity of these bloods, the 
many without thought add them as one 
more line of blood to their already 
overbred—by diffusion—herds, and the 
average cow of the United States now 
is little if any better than the common 
cows that before the war composed our 
dairies. 
By the very nature of things, com¬ 
munity breeding of our herds would 
bring untold benefits to all. If each 
community were to select and breed one 
kind of cattle, the particular breed is 
not so important as to know if the 
products of that breed are in the line of 
demand of the market that is to take 
them, and choose the breed accordingly, 
and then all unite as fast as possible to 
breed into this one kind of stock. That 
all had one and the same breed would 
create a rivalry to raise the best, better 
sires would be sought, and those who 
fear line breeding, could exchange sires. 
The best raised all the time, soon 
brings an advance in better producing 
stock, and where the market can find 
much of a thing of like quality, and 
much of it in one locality; there the 
buyer hastens, and another fellow close 
at his heels, and the industry is quickly 
promoted. Fine stock is wanted as never 
before, and high-grade grades bring 
very high prices, and the dairymen of 
these now very few community locali¬ 
ties, are selling all of their surplus 
stock at fabulous prices, as compared 
with the quoted prices of common stock, 
even alongside. 
Something that very closely ap¬ 
proaches community breeding is being 
arr ied on in Geauga County, Ohio. Over 
200 dairymen are there associated to¬ 
gether in breeding Holsteins. They have 
•1 strong society with bi-monthly meet- 
:r| gs, and each is breeding registered 
stock,, and very high quality grade. The 
THE) RURAE NEW-YORKER 
results in the last five years have been 
wonderful. The output of dairy prod¬ 
ucts has, for these men, been double, 
and 9,000 to 12,000 pounds to the cow 
for the dairy are not infrequent. Sires 
of the highest breeding are being 
sought, and what is all the more satis¬ 
factory, buyers are attracted from every 
State in the Union, even from Cuba, 
Japan, and South America, who pay 
three and four figure prices for this 
stock. It is estimated that this com¬ 
pany of community breeders, in this one 
county alone, are the richer by a half 
million dollars than five years ago, and 
yet every one of these men is a farmer 
and dairyman, putting every morning 
the milk of these dairies in some form 
into the Cleveland and Pittsburgh mar¬ 
kets. They are not speculative cow brok¬ 
ers. This is only to repeat the com¬ 
munity breeding of Lake Mills, Wiscon¬ 
sin, and that of Belmont Co., Ohio, 
though in this case it is the Jersey cow 
that receives the homage. 
The handling of the products of the 
dairy is now about all being controlled 
by community buying, whether city 
milk, the great cream concerns, or 
cheese products, and why should not the 
dairyman get into, not only the commu- - 
nity deal, but community breeding as 
well? He can advertise himself as he 
can never do so long as he is a single 
unit as dairyman, breeder, producer for 
the market, and his own broker. This 
is why he gets only 35 cents of the 
consumer’s dollar. The members of 
this Geauga association sell all of their 
heifer calves at 60 days’ old for $100 
each. The man with common stock 
sells as heavy a calf at $10 for veal. 
Is there any moral in this for commu¬ 
nity breeding? john could. 
Portage Co., O. 
SOILING CROP SYSTEM FOR NEW YORK 
STATE. 
The problem of a practical soiling 
system has. not, as yet, been solved by 
the majority of farmers in New York 
State, nor will one solution solve the 
whole problem. Each farmer has his 
own particular problem which, though 
probably not very different from that 
of his neighbor, will not be in every 
way the same. This is chiefly due to 
the wide variations in agricultural con¬ 
ditions of the different sections and lo¬ 
calities of the State. These variations 
are, in turn, brought about by the' vari¬ 
ous types of soils, various climatic con¬ 
ditions, and lay of land, the latter of 
which may influence the amount of per¬ 
manent pasture land. As to the prac¬ 
ticability of some well defined soiling 
system there can, in my mind, exist no 
doubt. It will be my purpose, in this 
article to formulate a system of soiling 
crops that is, in general, adapted to all 
ordinary New York conditions and may 
be made, by a few alterations, applicable 
to nearly any case. Our best authori¬ 
ties agree that land, intelligently culti¬ 
vated, will yield from two to five times 
as much forage as when pastured. This 
is due to the large amount of feed de¬ 
stroyed by the tramping and fouling of 
the cattle and by the lack of intelligent 
cultivation. 
Among our most valuable forage 
crops for soiling purposes let us first 
consider Winter rye. This may be sown 
in late or early Fall after some crop 
has been removed, and will be ready for 
feeding about the middle of May or first 
of June, after which Winter wheat may 
take its place until about June 15 or 20, 
according to locality. By this time clover 
will have sufficient growth to furnish 
abundant feed which will later be re¬ 
placed by meadow grasses, as Timothy, 
etc., until about July 1. Oats and peas, 
sown about April 10, should then be 
available, which, with later sowings, 
should supply feed through July. When 
i^orn can be successfully grown prob¬ 
ably no cheaper soilage can be supplied 
after August 1. Otherwise, such crops 
as Hungarian millet, Brome grass, cow 
peas or barley and peas will be found 
valuable substitutes. Alfalfa, where 
successfully grown, constitutes one of 
the best known soiling crops, but can 
be fed green only then a small part of 
the season as it would do serious in¬ 
jury to the plants to cut it in an imma¬ 
ture stage. It is, therefore, necessary 
to provide some other crops to fill in 
between the cuttings of Alfalfa. 
When green forage is supplied in a 
very immature stage it is sometimes 
necessary to supply some dry forage or 
grain, which should vary in kind and 
amount according to the nature of the 
green food. Along this same line the 
•Summer silo is an item of great im¬ 
portance, first, as a labor saver, second, 
for its cheapness. When the pasture 
affords partial feed it is a good policy 
to feed corn silage alone, but when the 
pasture feed is extremely short some 
other feed should be supplied to balance 
the ration. This should be something 
relatively high in protein, which is so 
fundamental in milk production. Al¬ 
though this is a mere outline of the 
topic, it will give ample opportunity 
for its expansion to anyone who may 
be interested in its development. 
CLARENCE B. MILLS. 
Allegany Co., N. Y. 
Good Ohio Hens. 
Reading with a great deal of interest 
the egg-laying contest at Storrs College, I 
feel encouraged to write my experience of 
what can be done witli a small flock of 
chickens under ordinary farm conditions. In 
the Fall of 1910, after looking around 
for a breed that would be desirable both 
for egg production and table use, we de¬ 
cided on Buff Plymouth Rocks, and pur¬ 
chased 10 pullets and a cockerel. The 
pullets laid well during the Winter and 
Spring of 1911. In spite of the fact that 
we had heard that pullets’ eggs could not 
be depended on hatching, we set 105 eggs 
under seven hens, and after a few were 
broken and a/ small loss of baby chicks, we 
raised 76 fine cockerels and pullets. These 
were hatched between the 24th of April 
and the 15th of May, and had free range 
all Summer. In August we sold all our 
old stock and the cockerels. Later we 
culled until we had just 30 of as nice look¬ 
ing pullets as one could wish to see, and 
purchased a cockerel, equally good. On the 
25th of October (one day after the first 
hatch was six months old), we got three 
eggs. The remainder of the month we got 
15 eggs. In November we got 138 eggs and 
in December 393 eggs. Their feed since 
they began to lay, until the first of this 
year, was corn, wheat and sweet milk. We 
do not count the milk in the cost, as we 
had no market for it. The corn for that 
length of time came to $1.85 and the wheat 
to $2.50—making a total cost of $4.35. 
The sale price for eggs here has varied 
from 35 to 45 cents during that time. j 
Ohio. MRS. d. it. mc c. 
SAVE HALF Your 
Paint Bills 
By using INGERSOLL PAINT —proved 
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Only Paint endorsed by the “Grange.” 
Made in all colors,—for all purposes. 
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INGERSOLL PAINT BOOK — FREE 
I*-''",* 11 »hf>nt Paint and Painting t~r Durability. 
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0. W. Ingersoll, 246 Plymouth St., Brooklyn, N.Y. 
$ 10 , 000.00 
Deposited With Bank 
to Protect You 
You’ll be a delighted customer if you buy this 
Greencastle Grain Drill, or we’ll have to take 
machine back and pay freight both ways. There’s 
no other way out of it—we’ve put np a $ 10 , 000.00 
legal bond with our bankers to refund all your 
money if this Drill isn’t exactly what we say it 
i3—we would not—dare not—dispute your word 
after you’ve tried the Greencastle. Try it SO days 
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Greencastle 
Grain Drill 
does not more tlian satisfy you, ship it back and 
we’ll return your money in full-or forfeit $ 10 ,- 
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to introduce this drill in your locality. 
HERTZLEE <fc Z00K CO., Box 100, Belleville, Pa. 
The WITTEN 
Automatic Dump Cart 
Now Used in Every State 
Every Principle new, all 
iron malleable, except wood 
box completely ironed. 
Wbeele 3 feet, 
2-inch rim. 
Will not in¬ 
jure sod, capacity 10 
cubic feet or 640 lbs. 
Dumping entirely 
automatic. End gate 
always under control, no 
effort required to push it. 
_ A boy can do a man’s work. 
A necessity and price reasonable. 
Write today for illustrated catalogue. 
BAKER MFG. CO.. 507 Hunter Building, CHICAGO. ILL. 
etaLineon 
What Prices 
Should Be 
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tells how you can buy Paints, Rooting, Fencing, 
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Before Buying Anything 
write for Big Book. Read article on pages 1 
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THE UNITED FACTORIES CO. 
Dept. M-31 Cleveland* Ohio. 
AGENTS $3 a Da y 
NEW PATENTED LOCKSTITCH 
Harness, Buggy Tops, Canvas, Grain ___ 
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A. MATHEWS. 60(15 Wayne Street. DAYTON. OHIO 
RUBBERHIDE Boots 
Til n _J • 1 yv i •. . ^ _ 
We are still mak¬ 
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the 0 soles b R t eTol t J 1 ble °bv A C( l deman( l pr , oves iL ° uly best 0ak leather used in 
RUBBERHinFrnMDlwv b er. Ask your dealer or write us for booklet and prices. 
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YOUR TROUBLES BEGIN 
THE FIRST DAY YOU USE A WATER COOLED ENGINE 
Th fN&f-WW AIR COOLED 
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COKPAMf |40 SHERIDAN ST 
IJUOiMS. Mich/cak US. A. iHtRIDAN ST 
TRADE 
MARK 
REG’T. 
SAVE-THE-HORSE 
Is our ~l 6 Ye ?’ rs ' Experience and DISCOVERIES —Treating 
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But first write describing case, and we will send— BOOK —Sample Contract 
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(Horse Owners and Managers only).— RUT HORSE to WORK and CURE HIM NOW 
Address—TROY CHEMICAL CO., 34 Commercial Ave., Binghamton, N. Y. 
Druggists everywhere sell Save-The-Horse with contract, or sent by us Express prepaid. 
