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THW RU KAL NKW-YOKKliK 
1116 
Sprouting Oats. 
Can you suggest the simplest method of 
sprouting oats for a small bunch of farm 
hens? H. a. s. 
Mavlland, N. Y. 
Oats may he sprouted in boxes, palls or 
trays made especially for the purpose. If 
trays are used, they should la* about three 
inches deep, ns large as convenient, and 
made to slide on a frame one above the 
other. The oats should he allowed to soak 
In warm water over night and then spread 
over the trays about 1 Vs inch deep. 
Sprinkle them once a day with warm 
water. Should the sprouter be placed In 
a room where It is necessary to keep the 
door dry, the bottom of the sprouter should 
he of tin, and the water drained Into a 
pall. Oats grow to he about three Inches 
high in 10 or 12 days If the room tempera¬ 
ture Is kept at 70 to 80 degrees F. How¬ 
ever, they will grow in a cooler place, and 
are often sprouted In cellar or bnsementfl. 
F. T. F. 
Stone I’ig and Poultry House. 
We arc thinking of building a stone pig 
and poultry house nt the foot of a stoop 
hill that Is about .'10 feet high, facing 
south. Would put pigs on the first lloor, 
and chickens on top; open front house, 
double floor and paper between, having 
chickens run to the north on hillside, pigs 
to south ou level ground. Would this he 
practical or would stone walls he too damp? 
8. T. 8. 
1 do not think It advisable to build a 
stone house for chickens. In your case It 
would he well enough to hulhl the house of 
stone up to the second floor, making the 
second story of wood. There are many two- 
story henhouses built with the first story 
of cement, and second of wood, which give 
good satisfaction and are, no doubt, as 
dry as houses made entirely of wood. 
IP. T. F. 
Poultry “ Going Light.” 
A disease has broken out amongst our 
poultry ; no one here seems to know what 
It Is. I have read and re-read the “Itusl- 
ness lieu” and the nearest to the symptoms 
Is what they call going light, which cer¬ 
tainly Is a good name. Pullets seven 
months and over don’t, I believe, weigh 
over one pound or pound and a half when 
they die. I have within three weeks lost 
17 pullets, and 1 have not had an egg from 
my hens since the first week in August. 
Changing food and doing all I can for over 
two months. I gave them bran; middlings, 
cornmcnl, equal parts morning ami noon ; 
at night era eked corn, with lots of lettuce 
for green stuff, two quarts at a feeding 
for 50 liens and pullets. The first pullet 
that died grieved me so, for I thought It 
was starved to death by the old hens, hut 
Hlnce I hear that Is the way they all are 
when they die, pure starvation, yet they 
eat ravenously to the end. M. ii. 
Virginia. 
The condition of “going light" is com¬ 
mon to several diseases, hut In any ense the 
trouble has got such a start with you f lint 
unless you have a large flock or your birds 
arc very valuable, I would dispose of the 
lot. It Is hard advice to give, hut cheaper 
In the long run. 1 should Judge that thn 
trouble Is either tuberculosis or what Is 
known as asthenia. The warm, damp Fall 
we have had lias been particularly favor- 
aide to such trouble, especially with fowls 
that are shut In. In lighting against this 
disease and growing at the same time, the 
pullets have had a hard fight. Under 
ordinary conditions your feeding would 
have answered, hut for their best growth 
and In fighting such disease, pullets must 
have plenty of growing food. Since you 
are feeding cracked corn In the litter, leave 
it out In the mash. Try the following : 
two parts bran, one part middlings, one-half 
part beef scraps, one-half part linseed meal. 
The scraps will build up their bodies, and 
ought to satisfy them without their eat¬ 
ing so much, (five them more gradually If 
they need It; also all the skim milk you 
can spare. The linseed Is in addition espe¬ 
cially good for getting them Into condition 
again. Some charcoal kept before -them In 
a box will help. Keep the roosts and 
houses clean and don’t allow any mouldy 
litter or feed to He about. Plenty of 
fresh air, free from draughts, they must 
hare. a. b. 
Short Talk About Geese. 
Pan you give us something on goose cul¬ 
ture, also on advantage of one breed of 
geese over another? C. 8. B. 
Ashby, Mass. 
Goose will not thrive unless they have 
grass runs for grazing. They usually mate 
In pnlrH or trios, although one gander will 
Honietlmea mate with four or five geese. 
Water for swimming Is not essential, yet 
eggs are more fertile when breeders have 
this privilege. With abundant moisture 
the eggH can he batched In Incubators ; four 
weeks are required. A common sitting hen 
will cover five adult goose eggs. Those laid 
by geese under two years of age are not 
desirable for setting. The geese will live 
almost ewlusively on grass, excepting ♦lur¬ 
ing cold weather, the breeding season and 
when fattening. A common diet Is moist 
imish, bran, cornmeal and beef scraps when 
breeding. More meal than bran when fat¬ 
tening. The most popular breeds are 
Toulouse, Kmbden, African and Canada or 
wild, In the order named. The Toulouse 
are good Inyers, the Hmhdcn fair. The 
Africans are very prolific, but not ns good 
for market as tin? others. They are used 
for crossing on Fmhdens and thus used as 
market geese. All goslings are hardy and 
very rapid growers. n. j. j,. 
THE DEADLY WHITE DIARRHOEA. 
I have read with Interest the articles of 
o. W, Mopes and IE. S. Sbowaltcr and 
other writers about white diarrhoea of 
chickens. They arc right as far as they go, 
hut also wrong. The kind of diarrhoea they 
and most others describe and give remedies 
for Is the result of mishandling pure and 
simple. We have here, and others I have 
talked with have, I believe, the genuine 
bacterial white diarrhoea. One can as 
easily lift himself by his hoot straps as 
raise chickens to proper and healthy matur¬ 
ity If infected with this disease. The few 
females which survive are the source of 
future trouble If their eggs are used to 
hatch. One Infected chick may ruin a 
brooderful. When chicks begin to die al¬ 
most as soon as hatched, and old hens 
when killed and drawn reveal diseased ovar¬ 
ies (a bunch of dead yolks looking like 
chestnuts and varying from two or three 
to a big handful) then you have the genu¬ 
ine disease, and your chickens are doomed 
from the start, any manner of feeding or 
care notwithstanding. The remedy Is to 
get, or save and mark for future use, uon- 
infected hens and young stock; an oc¬ 
casional hatch Is free from It, and don’t 
fall to disinfect brooders, Incubators, etc., 
as infection takes place by the food as well 
ns other ways. 1 can raise a good percent¬ 
age of healthy chicks, but 1 cannot raise 
them when this Infection Is present, nor 
can anyone else. 1 do not think the In¬ 
fection holds over from season to season la 
the ground. It Is claimed to be passed <11 
rectly from Infected to healthy chicks only 
for the first five days, after that through 
Sidled feed or litter. 1 have tried remedies 
without getting any effect. All of the 
foregoing is respectfully submitted and Is 
hacked up by the Htorrs Connecticut Ex¬ 
periment Station, confirmed by the Mary¬ 
land Experiment Station, and by my own 
experience. Hcware of hens or eggs from 
Infected stock If you have not yel got: this 
Infection on your place. It Is the worst 
poultry disease extant, as It. gets your 
profits from start to finish, Infected hens 
being poor layers, and cannot he detected 
by the eye In living hens. mod a. mates. 
New York. 
I’lain Statement About Quotations. 
Market quotations on farm produce are 
the records of some sales on the day stated, 
Just how many no one knows, because no 
account is kept of the whole volume of busi¬ 
ness. If there eouId he ii sternly stream of 
customers al: every farm produce store In 
New York, Philadelphia or Boston, hut little 
price cutting would lie necessary unless the 
supply was excessive. Hut much of this 
stuff must he sold the same day received, or 
stored, so that, when customers are scarce 
the dealer must do one of two things cut 
the price enough to make It un object for 
bargain seekers, or hold over In his store, 
or cold storage, as may he necessary, with 
the possibility of having to sell next day 
at the cut price anyway. Produce dealers 
differ In policy In this matter. Some try 
to make a thorough clearance every day, 
and cut prices considerably to do It. This 
means that some shippers will receive u 
very low return for their goods unless a 
system of averaging prices is carried out. 
There are three methods of averaging. One 
is where the goods all came from the same 
shipper but were disposed of at different 
times during the day and at varying prices. 
The return to the shipper will he made on 
the average of all these prices. The second 
method Is to average the day’s sales of all 
produce of the same kind received from a 
certain section; and the third method Is to 
average the day's sales of all produce of the 
same character, no matter where from. 
These methods are open to criticism, yet 
many shippers will defend averaging, even 
to the extreme limit noted above. They 
say that It is nearer fair that all should 
share In these unavoidable price fluctua¬ 
tions. In what Is said above, only commis¬ 
sion men who are honest in intent arc re 
ferred to. There are dishonest men who 
return the shipper fake prices and make up 
fake averages, and it Is hard for an outsider 
to Judge between a fake and a square deal, 
where cut prices are Involved, without a 
knowledge oT the dealer's business char¬ 
acter, or special Information of conditions 
surrounding the sale. 
The stability of a price depends mainly 
upon two things moderate supply, and the 
general understanding among dealers with 
regard to certain products considered ns 
staples. Butter and egg prices are quite 
thoroughly thrashed out In the Mercantile 
Exchange, and usually vary less In a day’s 
business than fruits, vegetables and poul 
try. But even with staples » dealer with 
a. surplus may find trade so dull that he 
has to cut prices more than Ills neighbor In 
order to make a needed clearance. All deal 
era do not have equal ability and judgment 
us salesmen. Home pay but little attention 
to the selling, leaving it to their hired 
help, which may he cindent or not, and 
there lire many sales made that show badly 
because the salesmen don't care or are lazy. 
But If there Is so much uncertainty with 
regard to quotations, how Is it that some 
men dealing In farm produce are able to 
guarantee a return at the quoted price for 
that day? They may do It honestly by un¬ 
usual business ability that has scrum! and 
holds a line of trade superior to that of 
their neighbors ; or they may rob Peter to 
pay Paul, stealing from some In order to 
make a better showing with others. 
The natural conclusion from n study of 
these varying conditions 1 h that it Is bet¬ 
ter to stick to honest commission men, even 
though they do occasionally fall down on 
nrlccs, ruther than deal with those who are 
long on promises, but perfectly willing to 
pluck one customer to please another. All 
that an honest commission man can safely 
promise Is to do fils best in making the 
sale, flioiigli Ids best may not be equal to 
Ids neighbor’s best on that day. 
Delay in Laying. 
I am very successful raising the chicks, 
do not have them sick and dying, but what 
Is the reason they <lo not lay till eight 
months old? White Orpingtons; they are 
fed with mixed grain, bran, growing mash 
and laying mash; beef scraps, the proper 
amount, according to the best authorities. 
Acton, Mass. a. H. a. 
A great deal depends upon the strain 
of birds as to egg production. Birds that 
are bred to lay will very often begin laying 
nt six or seven months of age. The most 
for breeding purposes do 
profitable birds 
not begin laying 
birds that lay 
months of age 
profitable layers, 
hatched early In 
until well developed. The 
their llrst eggs when six 
are not always the most 
especially If they were 
the Spring. For exam¬ 
ple, pullets hatched March I and fe<l ac¬ 
cording to some authorities, will grow 
very rapidly and begin laying by September 
1. The majority of these pullets lay a 
few eggs and then stop entirely until Win¬ 
ter. They usually molt again and are no 
better than old hens for egg production. 
It would he much more profitable to have 
these pullets well developed and In good 
laying condition at seven or even eight 
months of age, when they should lie placed 
In the laying houses and fed for egg pro¬ 
duction. They will then lay well all Win¬ 
ter If properly cared for. f. T. f. 
A Good Ration. 
Have I been feeding my cows n good 
ration? If not please give me a balanced 
ration composed of Alfalfa hay, with beets 
and without. 1 have to buy all my grain. 
This Is the amount I give twice a day to 
each cow : Three pounds gluten, one pound 
bran, four quarts beets. 1 have a cow duo 
hi May, has been milking hI ti<-<- 
she milked eight quarts a day 
ago, and now about two quarts. 
Is live years old and Is In line 
Could you tell me what would 
to dry so soon before time to 
w. u. u. 
N. Y. 
ration would seem to be a trifle 
but If the cows keep In good (-on¬ 
to freshen 
last May ; 
six weeks 
This cow 
condition, 
cause her 
freshen ? 
Auburn, 
Your 
na rrow, 
dltion It could hardly he Improved for 
milk production. If your cows are Inclined 
to get thill upon it the addition ol’ a little 
cornmeal would help. It seems to he the 
nature of some cows to dry off early, and 
without knowing the conditions I eaii only 
guess that this Is the ease with your cow. 
However, If she Is otherwise a good cow, 1 
should not condemn her without further 
trial. c. h. m. 
Abnormal Breathing. 
We have a 
Which for soim 
lug, seemingly 
her head was 
mare seven mouths In foal 
time past has had a wliccz- 
1 n her nostrils, as though 
stopped up as with a cold, 
Occasionally hIic will cough, a sort of hark 
and sometimes there Is a whitish mucus 
discharge from her nostrils, no odor. Her 
voldlngs, too, at times are very offensive. 
After going a short distance she will blow 
her nostrils dear, and then as she is full 
of ginger, she will try to overtake and 
usually passes anything ahead of her. It 
is hard to make her walk up even steep 
hills; she wants to take them at a run, and 
after going at a hard run her breathing 
seems easy and regular. She does about 
10 miles a day over hilly rough roads pull¬ 
ing a heavy doctor’s buggy. Will you give 
ration by weight, also something to relieve 
her? She Is a little Morgan purebred about 
I I do pounds. p, ,s. 
New Jersey. 
We suspect that there Is a polypus 
(tumor) In one nostril, (’lose one nostril 
with I In- palm of the hand and note If she 
can breath normally through the other. 
Then test the other nostril In the same way. 
If one nostril Is found to la- obstructed. It 
may be possible to see the tumor by letting 
the sunlight, stream Into the nostril. The 
tumor could he removed by a surgeon. If 
there Is no obstruction and the mare Is a 
"roarer” or has a stricture or tumor of 
tin- trachea (windpipe), it will be necessary 
to insert a tracheotomy tube; or, in the 
case of roaring, the graduate veterinarian 
might perforin the new operation for roar¬ 
ing. Feed one pound of whole oats per 100 
pounds live weight and In addition give 
one-sixth part of wheat bran, by weight. 
Dampen the food. Do not feed liny at 
noon. Give most of It. at night and allow 
one pound per 100 pounds weight of mare. 
Increase hay and decrease oats and bran 
when she is Idle. a. s. a. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
I t. N.-Y. and you’ll get a quick reply and a 
“square deal.” See guarantee editorial page. 
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