218 
THE R.U KAL NEW-YORKER 
February IT, 
HOMEMADE BROODER. 
On page 1104 Don E. Smith, in telling 
how he handled his Leghorn pullets, de¬ 
scribes how he made the brooders. I 
am interested in poultry, but have trouble 
with chicks piling in brooders. Will Mr. 
Smith give plans and drawing of liis brood¬ 
ers, or are they patented, as are some of 
Mr. Mapes’s poultry devices-now? I would 
liek to get plans for a brooder that will pre¬ 
vent the chicks from piling and smothering, 
as our greatest loss is in that way. 
M. .T. T. 
The brooders I now use are designed 
for colony coops, etc., indoor brooders. 
They are 30x36 inside measure, and 10 
inches deep. In the bottom is a round 
hole five inches in diameter, four inches 
from one side and 12 inches from one 
wide in front. These spaces are covered 
with frames of light stuff to which bur¬ 
lap is tacked. This makes a well-ven¬ 
tilated brooder, and chicks will not 
crowd if a good No. 2 burner is turned 
to a good clear flame. This, if construc¬ 
tion is well done. At first I raise chicks 
somewhat by means of deep chaff under 
hover, but always make sure they can 
poke out into the cool air outside at any 
time. don e. smith. 
FEEDING SILAGE TO HORSES. 
I am engaged in boarding express horses 
the year around ; sometimes I am scant of 
pasture in Summer. I was wondering if I 
put up a silo if I might not keep these 
horses more cheaply by feeding silage once 
a day? I could fill with oats and peas, also 
clover for Summer, and with corn and Soy 
beans for Winter. What can your readers 
■say about silage as horse feed? Is it a 
safe feed in moderate uantitles? a. r. 
end of brooder. In this hole is fitted a 
piece of five-inch stovepipe, extending 
upward from floor of brooder about 
seven inches. This brooder rests on a 
frame one foot high of the same floor 
size as brooder. One side of this frame 
is removable to give opportunity to at¬ 
tend to the lamp, which rests on floor 
under brooder. Following is drawing of 
brooder and stand minus hover:. 
EXIT 
• ! - 
< 
s • 
* 
9 
t • 
* 
BROODER AND ST AND WITHOUT HO VER 
Fig. 63. 
The following drawing will explain 
the hover, which is a drum shaped like 
a covered dripping pan and fastened in 
a box on the under side of a board 12x30 
inches. This board has a rim of half¬ 
inch stuff 1)4 inches wide nailed to 
under side, so as to form a box 28x11 
inches outside. This is well lined with 
asbestos, and the drum (outlined by 
dotted lines) just fits up into this box. 
The course of lamp fumes (shown by 
30 ' 
& 
i 
/Cr-iZ^-T£>-=^r- 
f 
--A 
rr 
CO 
a 
i 
THE HOVER. 
Fig. 64. 
arrows) is impeded by the diaphragm D, 
so that heat must hug the bottom sheet 
next to chicks.and pass around left end 
of D before leaving by the lj4-inch exit 
pipe. The sides of the shallow box are 
hung with sheets of oilcloth dropping 
nearly to floor of brooder, and slitted 
to allow chicks to pass in and out. 
When the hover is in place the four- 
inch heat pipe rests in the middle of the 
five-inch pipe in floor of brooder. This 
leaves a half-inch space between the two 
pipes foi^ toe passage of fresh warm air 
into the chamber under hover. The 
five-inch .pipe., should, of course, lack 
one-half inch of touching bottom of heat 
drum. The space under brooder floor 
should be well ventilated in such a man¬ 
ner that lamp will not be blown out. 
Then so long as the lamp is burning 
there is forced ventilation of warm 
fresh air under hover. Chicks cannot 
smother, and it helps distribute the heat 
evenly. The following diagram explains 
We are of the opinion here that si¬ 
lage is not a safe or good food for 
horses, although I have heard some peo¬ 
ple say that they had fed corn silage to 
them with fairly good results, but our 
experience here at Maplewood has re¬ 
sulted in abolishing it as a feed for 
horses. I think, however, that small 
quantities of corn silage could be fed to 
horses after they are a year old with 
fairly good results, but I would not feed 
silage to a colt under one year old nor 
to a brood mare while in foal. Silage is 
an excellent food for cattle under all 
conditions, whether for growth, milk or 
beef, but I think its use should be con¬ 
fined to cattle and other ruminant an¬ 
imals. there is always a certain amount 
of gas in silage when first taken from 
the silo, which is apt to cause bloat or 
hoven in animals, and the evil effects of 
this gas seem to be avoided by the proc¬ 
ess of rumination. Then again, I think 
in most silage there is apt to be too 
much acid for horses-. 
Our experience has been mostly with 
corn silage. 1 do not know so much 
about oats and peas or Soy beans, but 
I think the process is the same, and I 
would not advise its use for the purpose 
you mention, but would suggest that the 
oats and peas be sown from very early 
Spring to towards the middle of the 
Summer at periods of about two weeks 
and used as a soiling crop, fed directly 
from the field, after which time the 
young corn would be large enough to 
take its place, fed in the same manner. 
I cannot advise as to the use of the 
Soy beans, except from hearsay, and 
that is not the kind ol knowledge you 
want. For a soiling crop here, we are 
very partial to Alfalfa and use it most 
exclusively, and I would recommend it 
for the purpose wherever it will thrive. 
It also makes excellent hay feed for all 
horses during the Winter, if not fed in 
too great quantities. e. t. gay. 
I have two very large cement silos on 
one of my farms, and greatly pleased 
with the results from them, but only 
filled them with corn as it is taken from 
the fields. I have never fed it to any¬ 
thing but cattle and sheep. I have some 
doubts about feeding it to horses unless 
it was fed in reasonable quantities. 
However, I am of the impression that 
on say one-half the proportion from the 
silo, and one-half oats, with sulphur and 
salt mixed in with it, the horses would 
do finely. [col.] g. w. Crawford. 
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Taylor Bros., 10 Market St., Camden.N. J. 
POSITION OF LAMP AND HOVER. FlG. 65. 
how hover rests in brooder: B, hover 
board; H, heat drum; E, exhaust pipe; 
CC, cleats to support hover; T, heat 
tube (four inches) ; V, tube from floor 
of brooder; F, floor of brooder. When 
hover is in place there is a space six 
inches wide back of it, and one 18 inches 
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