1912. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
276 
NEW JERSEY FRUITS. 
Following are notes of a talk with 
Prof. M. A. Blake, of the New Jersey 
Station: 
“In planting a small peach orchard 
of, say, ISO trees for local market what 
would be three suitable varieties?” 
“Carman, Heiley and Belle of Geor¬ 
gia or Elberta.” 
“Are we overdoing Elberta?” 
“I think not in New Jersey. Elberta 
as grown here is superior to that from 
Georgia, and because of its excellence 
for canning is likely to continue in good 
demand.” 
“What varieties are advised for the 
home orchard of a few trees to cover 
the extreme range of season?” 
“Carman, Greensboro, Heiley, Cham¬ 
pion, St. John, Belle of Georgia, El¬ 
berta, Fox Seedling, Iron Mountain. St. 
John is named because of its extreme 
high quality.” 
“What is the program for fighting 
peach pests and diseases?” 
“First is thorough spraying with lime- 
sulphur at standard Winter strength be-, 
fore the buds start. This takes care of 
the San Jose scale and leaf curl. The 
latter is often troublesome in North 
Jersey causing serious dropping of the 
ripening the fruit. Something may be 
done for the control of curculio by a 
spray of two pounds arsenate of lead 
to SO gallons of water just as the petals 
fall, and the same proportions of lead 
arsenate may be added to the later 
sprayings for scab. Curculio, however, 
does but little harm except when the 
fruit set is light and no thinning neces¬ 
sary.” 
“When is the best time to get out 
borers?” 
“From the first to middle of May in 
New Jersey. One thorough digging, at 
that time will control them. In Fall and 
Winter digging many of the small bor¬ 
ers escape, but if an orchard has not 
been gone over in May, a careful search 
should be made in Fall, after which 
May digging will be sufficient.” 
“Is a Summer spray for San Jose 
scale on peach feasible?” 
“In the crawling stage the self-boiled 
lime-sulphur at the strength previously 
named will damage them somewhat, but 
stronger applications cannot safely be 
made on peach foliage.” 
“Is a tree with crown gall perma¬ 
nently crippled?” 
“Perhaps not under all conditions, but 
I should not care to use them. Several 
PRACTICAL JOB OF SPRAYING. Fig. 72. 
leaves. The spores of the disease pass 
the Winter stage on the twigs, and are 
readily controlled by lime-sulphur, but 
it is necessary to cover the twigs even 
to the tips. Brown rot and peach scab 
are two other diseases requiring treat¬ 
ment. Peach scab is especially bad in 
central and south Jersey. It causes the 
freckled appearance often noticed. The 
affected fruit often cracks and is de¬ 
cidedly injured for market purposes. 
The self-boiled lime-sulphur has been 
effective in controlling both this disease 
and brown rot. The proportions for 
this mixture are eight pounds each of 
stone lime and sulphur to 50 gallons of 
water. The sulphur is first mixed with 
water to form a thick paste. The lime 
is put in a barrel and just enough water 
added to start vigorous slaking, the 
moistened sulphur being then stirred in. 
Keep the mixture stirred continually, 
adding just enough water to maintain 
a thin paste and prevent the lime from 
burning. As soon as active slaking has 
closed add enough cold water to stop 
further action. This is an important 
point, as, if the mixture remains hot 
too long, there will be an excess of solu¬ 
ble sulphur, injurious to peach foliage. 
This mixture may be kept for a time, 
but is best used soon after making. 
When applied it should be so diluted 
that 50 gallons will contain eight pounds 
of lime and eight of sulphur. Three 
applications of the self-boiled mixture 
are recommended for the peach scab; 
the first just as the calyx is shedding 
and the fruit the size of green peas; the 
second and third applications three 
weeks apart. On varieties as early as 
Greensboro the third spraying should 
be omitted, that is, no spray should be 
put on within three or four weeks of 
hundred trees were turned out of the 
State last year because of such infesta¬ 
tion.” 
“What comparatively new peaches 
have shown special merit in New Jer¬ 
sey?” 
“Frances, to prolong the Elberta sea¬ 
son; Fox Seedling; Heiley, in place of 
Mountain Rose; and, for an early yel¬ 
low for the home table, Arp Beauty, a 
cling, but juicy and of very fine flavor.” 
“What may be said about strawberry 
varieties on different soils?” 
“These general rules may be taken as 
a guide. If a variety has barely enough 
foliage under heavy soil conditions, it 
will not be suitable for sandy soil, and 
a variety that makes ample leaf growth 
on sand will have entirely too much on 
heavy soil. A striking instance in this 
is the variety Amanda, which on our 
heavy soil at New Brunswick made so 
much foliage that it was considered 
worthless, but is a favorite with some 
growers in the Vineland section.” 
Bush fruits grow well in New Jer¬ 
sey, and in sections where there are 
local markets growers are finding rasp¬ 
berries and blackberries profitable. Prof. 
Blake has found no blackberry superior 
to Ward. In gooseberries Columbus 
and Industry are standards. Duplica¬ 
tion, a new variety from the West, has 
made an excellent showing at the sta¬ 
tion. Gooseberries need a little shade. 
w. W. II. 
“Do you furnish affidavits with your 
eggs, showing exactly the minute they 
were laid?” said the fussy lady. “No, 
ma’am, we do not,” replied the market- 
man politely. “We tried to furnish such 
affidavits, but the hens positively refused 
to sign ’em.”—Yonkers Statesman. 
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