332 
Live Stock and Dairy 
SWINE RAISING AS A BUSINESS. 
Part III. 
The Boars. —The age at which a 
young boar may first be used, depends 
largely upon his development. Some 
boars may be used sparingly at the age 
of eight to nine months, but it is rarely 
advisable to breed a boar before he has 
attained the age of one j’ear. Too early 
service in life may shorten his period 
of usefulness, and retard proper growth. 
A boar usually will sire the best pigs 
after he reaches maturity. The im¬ 
portance of saving him while he is 
young will be readily appreciated. The 
boar should have plenty of exercise, as 
upon this depends much of the health, 
vigor and vitality of his pigs. Give him 
a small house to sleep in with a good- 
sized lot to run in, and feed in the ex¬ 
treme end of the lot. Around noon 
scatter shelled corn around the fence 
of his yard. Scatter this thin enough 
that he will have to work his way 
around the entire yard. This will keep 
him busy a long while and give him 
exercise. 
When more than one boar is kept, it 
becomes necessary to teach them io run 
together. Sometimes it is not necessary 
to remove the tusks, but it is much 
safer to do so. To remove the tusks, 
the boar is made fast to a post by means 
of a rope noosed under his upper jaw 
back of the upper tusks, then one man 
takes a crowbar and another a sharp 
chisel and a hammer. The sharp edge 
of the crowbar is placed against the 
tusk near its base, and held firmly in 
position, and the edge of the cold, 
chisel is placed on the opposite side of 
the tusk directly opposite to the edge 
of the crowbar. A sharp blow of the 
hammer on the cold chisel does the job. 
After the tusks are removed, select a 
cool day for turning the two boars to¬ 
gether for the first time to settle the 
supremacy and when once settled no 
further dispute will arise. Two condi¬ 
tions are necessary, the tusks should be 
removed and a cool day selected for 
the tournament. After the first strug¬ 
gle they will live together very peace¬ 
ably. In feeding the boar, care must 
be taken to keep him in a good thrifty 
condition, but not fat. He should have 
a ration of something which will grow 
muscle. I would recommend equal parts 
ground corn and oats and middlings. 
Also a ration of equal parts of ground 
oats and middlings make an excellent 
ration with sufficient bulk. With the 
grain feed, mix enough skim-milk or 
buttermilk to make a thick slop. When 
these two liquids are not available, make 
the ration 10% digester tankage. Never 
feed more at any one time than will be 
readily cleaned up. During the Winter 
feed Alfalfa or clover hay steeped in 
hot water. In Summer supply a pasture 
lot where the boar or boars can pasture 
at will. 
The Sow.—The age at which a young 
sow should first be bred depends greatly 
upon her development, but however, it is 
not advisable to breed her before she 
has passed eight months and preferably 
when she is 10 months old. One great 
objection to breeding a sow that is very 
young, is that a young sow is seldom 
able to raise a fair-sized litter, and if 
she raises only a few pigs in her first lit¬ 
ter her mammary glands do not develop 
properly, and she rarely makes as good 
a nurse for later litters as the sow 
which raised a good-sized first litter. 
Another objection is, that a very young 
sow has not the strength to stand the 
strain of nursing a litter of pigs, and 
her vitality is sapped to such a de¬ 
gree that she never develops as she 
should. Such a sow which is bred when 
very young and sapped of her strength 
and vitality is not likely to retain her 
usefulness for a long period, nor is she 
likely to produce as strong and vigorous 
pigs as the sow that possesses more 
maturity before being bred. After the 
sow has been bred, feed her on the same 
growing feed as was fed previous to 
breeding. Care should be taken not to 
let her become too fat, but feed a 
growing ration as now the sow has a 
two-fold purpose to perform, completing 
her own growth and growing the litter. 
If the sow’s feed contains any tankage, 
cut this out not more than six weeks 
after she has been bred, and as a sup¬ 
plement use one and one-half times as 
much oil meal. By feeding the sow 
the same as w^s suggested for the boar, 
we cannot get far off the track. The 
period of gestation is 16 weeks or 112 
THE RURAL, NKW-YOKKER 
March 9, ’ 
days. Often young sows will farrow 
a few days sooner than the stated time, 
and old sows frequently will go a few 
days over it. It is not a good sign 
when a sow goes much over 16 weeks, 
as the litter are often lacking in vital¬ 
ity when carried much over time. If 
a sow has been properly handled, she 
will seldom go more than a few days 
over 16 weeks, though there are ex¬ 
ceptions to all rules. 
Where Winters are at all severe, it 
requires exceptional skill and equip¬ 
ment to make a success of Winter lit¬ 
ters. However, we have had success 
with Winter litters without an excep¬ 
tional equipment, but it requires skill 
and no end of attention, and when 
one can almost as well have them come 
during more moderate weather, why 
not make the task more easy? Most 
farmers will find it safe to have their 
sows farrow in April and October. 
Pigs which come during these months 
will be able to get outdoor exercise, 
which will enable them to get a bet¬ 
ter start. There is no good reason 
why pork producing sows should not 
farrow two litters every year, and 
thWe is no better time for this than 
April and October. The exercise of 
the sow is equally as important as 
that of the boar, and all that has been 
said of the boar’s exercise will apply 
to the sow. During the period of ges¬ 
tation, the sow should be made to take 
exercise. Without exercise at this 
time, sows cannot be expected to give 
satisfactory results. In Summer a 
good pasture with plenty of shade af¬ 
fords ideal conditions for sows, the 
green food and exercise keeping the 
sows in the best possible condition. The 
greatest difficulty will arise during Win¬ 
ter, and then the only thing to do is 
to compel the sows to take exercise by 
walking from the sleeping quarters to 
the feeding place. 
The sow should not be overloaded 
with fat during the period of gesta¬ 
tion, and on the other hand the thin 
sow will neither do justice to herself 
nor her pigs during the time that she 
is running the litter. She may be kept 
in fairly high condition providing that 
she take plenty of exercise. I have 
used many feeds for the brood sow. 
Equal parts of ground oats, cornmeal 
and middlings are good. At present 
we are using a ration made up as fol¬ 
lows : Cornmeal, 200 pounds; white 
middlings, 130 pounds; bran, 50 pounds; 
oil meal, 25 pounds. Skim-milk is ex¬ 
cellent if you have it to add to the meal 
mixture. Roughage in the form of 
Alfalfa or clover hay in Winter, and 
in Summer, green Alfalfa, clover or 
rape. Supply fresh clean water at all 
times. A note should be made of the 
date the sow was last bred, that one 
may have some idea as to when she 
is due to farrow. Two weeks before 
the sow is due to farrow, put her in 
in the building where she will farrow, 
I prefer an A-shaped house with a lot 
75 feet by 40 feet. In this time she 
will become accustomed to her sur¬ 
roundings. Give the sow for bedding 
cut straw or shavings, then she will 
not be so liable to lie on any of the 
pigs, nor will they become ■ tangled or 
confused as in a big bed of long straw. 
R. S. FAUX, MGR. 
Hanover Stock Farm. 
Big Live Stock Proceedings. 
Before the Civil War the TJ. S. Govern¬ 
ment imported a number of camels and 
started breeding them in Texas. That was 
long before railroads had crossed the deserts, 
and it was thought that the camels would 
serve the War Department in carrying dis¬ 
patches or supplies. The scheme failed and 
the few remaining camels were sold. The 
Southwest, however, has proved an inviting 
field for live stock experiments. As our 
people know, cactus is singed and fed heav¬ 
ily to stock. Several breeders are working 
with Persian sheep crossed on our native 
breeds. This cross produces a very fine fur. 
One great scourge of the Texas live stock 
industry is the cattle tick. Imported north¬ 
ern cattle die. unless these ticks are kept 
from them, and it is necessary to dip ani¬ 
mals in some form of oil. Dr. B. T. Gallo¬ 
way of the Agricultural Department de¬ 
scribes the famous Borden ranch in Texas. 
Some years ago Mr. Borden went to India 
and imported some of the humpbacked Brah¬ 
man cattle. Dr. Galloway quotes from Mr. 
Kinsler as follows: 
“Mr. Kinsler says that Mr. Borden’s ef¬ 
forts in the breeding of the Brahmas is 
proving very successful. Last season was 
an exceptionally severe one in the matter 
of ticks, and while it was necessary to dip 
his thoroughbred cattle and Short-horns 
from three to four times, the crossbred cat¬ 
tle went through the season without any 
dipping whatever, and were practically free 
from ticks. Mr. Kinsler further says that 
as a rule the crossbred cattle are averaging 
from 100 to 200 pounds heavier than the 
thoroughbred when grown.” 
This Mr. Borden centainly does things. He 
has 1,200 acres in Alfalfa, 11,000 acres in 
rice and 1,100 in cotton. He sold 185 tons 
of sorghum seed and put the stalks into 
silos. Formerly using negro convict labor, 
Mr. Borden now hires Russian peasants en¬ 
tirely. Surely the man on a small, rocky 
farm in New England is far removed from 
this Texas “lord of lands.” 
Dirt 
Out of the Milk 
Thispailkeepsoutthedirt, hairS 
r and filth that get in at milk-^. 
’ingtime. Strong.patterned 
1 right, easy to wash. We 
r prove it. 
STERILAC 
SANITARY MILK PAIL 
i Approved bynp-to-date dairy- 
\nien. Price 92.60. Sent direct 
\on Ten Days’ Approval if not 
ound at your dealer’s. 
^STERILAC COMPANY' 
S Merchants Row, 
Boston, Mass. 
No More Sore Shoulders on Horses 
if You Use This Collar 
Save tlmo and money by buying an Adjustable 
Hamelcsg Metal Uorso Collar; can’t wear 
out and will always keep its shape; easy to 
put on and take off; better and cheaper. 
Will positively prevent and 
cure sore shoulders. Greatest im¬ 
provement in homo collars in last 100 years. Ask 
your dealer for them. Write today for Free Cate log. 
Johnston-Slocum Co., 813 State St., Caro, Mich. 
To Make $100 Per Month 
Above Expenses 
About 2000 Men j," "^‘wSS 
our Medicines, Extracts, Spices, Soaps, Per¬ 
fumes, Toilet Articles, Stock and Poultry 
Preparations, Polishes, Etc. Our Company 
fastest growing, most progressive, most suc¬ 
cessful. Established over 17 years. Capital 
and surplus over $2,000,000. Big Branch 
Warehouses at Memphis, Tenn. and Chester, 
Pa. make low freight rates and quick ser¬ 
vice. Total floor space in factories and ware¬ 
houses, over 10 acres. 
t*l_ ono man * n each unoccupied 
wwC ilOW TV dll I locality to tako full charge of 
all deliveries to farmers and others from a wagon sim¬ 
ilar to the ono below; in short, a man able to tako full 
charge of everything portaining to our business in his 
district. Not every man can fill this position nor can 
wo afford to contract with ono who is too extravagant 
or too old or too young. Wo want to hear from men 
who have been fairly successful—honest, industrious 
men who will bo satisfied to make not less than 
$100 Per Month Clear Profit 
above expenses the first year, $1800 the second 
year, and $2400 tho third year. 
I£ you are fairly well acquainted in your locality and 
think you can fill tho position, lose no time in writing 
us for particulars as we are now rapidly filling all 
vacant territory. Wo do not want to hear from men 
under 21 or over 60 years of ago. colored people, or 
women. To get this position a man must he aide to 
furnish 1 or 2 horses to conduct the business, also good 
business men as references. If you cannot meet theso 
requirements do not writo; if you can meet them, writo 
us; you aro tho man we aro looking for. Tho position 
pays big, is honorablo and permanent. 
W. T. Rawloigh Co. Freeport, III. 
EXCELSIOR SWING STANCHION 
Warranted Thk Bkst. 30 Days’ Trial 
Unlike all others. Stationary when open 
Noiseless Simple Sanitary Durable 
The Wasson Stanchion Co., 
Box GO, Cuba, N. Y. 
r ROBERTSON’S CHAIN 
f RANGING STANCHIONS 
“I have nsed them for more 
than TWENTY YEARS, and they 
have given the very best of saiis- 
faction In every way,” writes 
Justus H. Cooley, M.D., Plainfield 
Sanitarium, Plainfield, N. J. 
Thirty days’ trial on application 
O. II. ROBERTSON 
Wash. St., Forestvlllc, Conn. 
For Running Cream Separators DAIRYMEN 
Take a Look at 
the STRITE GOVERNOR PULLEY 
It’s the original and “only 
thing” for driving cream 
separators with gasoline 
engines. Once tried, always 
used. TRY ONE. Ask your 
dealer for a “STRITE” or 
write us direct. Don’t take 
an imitation. 
STRITE GOVERNOR PULLEY CO. 
357 So. Third St. 
MINNEAPOLIS, Minn. 
COOK YOUR FEED and SAVE 
Half the Cost—with the 
PROFIT FARM BOILER 
With Dumping Caldron. Empties 
its kettleinone minute. The simplest 
and beBt arrangement for cooking 
food for stock. Also make Dairy and 
Laundry Stoves, Water and 
Steam Jacket Kettles, Hog 
Scalders, Caldrons.etc.U3^“Send 
for particulars and ask for circular J. 
D. It. Sperry & Co., Batavia, Ill. 
Contains fuU information and complete feeding directions for using 
Blatchford’s Calf Meal—The Perfect Milk Substitute 
Three j>t four calves can be raised on it at the cost of one where milk is fed. 
Wo mill feed The only calf meal manufactured in an exclusive Calf Meal Factory 
Established at Leicester, England, in 180D, 
Blatchford’s Calf Meal Factory, - - Waukegan, Illinois 
Ik 
Special “Conditioners” to suit each of these different M 
kinds of anhnals. Every farmer knows the old style 
“Cure-Everything” stock conditioner could not be right 
for horses, cattle, hogs and poultry, for their digestive 
organs are entirely different. 
Fairfield’s Blood Tonics 
are of tour different kinds— one puts hones in splendid shape and makes all the food you 
give them count; another is a wonderful mila producer for cows; another helps the hens 
to lay more eggs; another is for fattening hogs . 
All sold under guarantee. Ask your dealer. 
^ Write today for Free Stock Book and Free Poultry Book. The two are 
worth SI.50. We send them free if you send your name and 
address, and mention this paper and the name of your dealer. 
Fairfield Manufacturing Company 
505 South Delaware Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. 
Dealers: Write. Splendid proposition. Live demand. 
rJ 
