aas 
THE RURAL* NEW-YORKE1 
March. 9, 
BREEDING AND OTHER BELIEFS. 
One of the hindering causes to a 
more general advance in the general de¬ 
velopment of the country, is that many 
people have set ideas about matters, so 
that any view in opposition to theirs is 
instantly rejected. When it is pointed 
out that such new practices, such inno¬ 
vations, and allied advancements are 
making good, and are making both repu¬ 
tation and money for those who are put¬ 
ting them to the test, these men scout 
the proof, and assert that when the 
facts are known, the outgo would still be 
larger than the income. 
One of the beliefs that die hard, is 
that special breeds of cattle, especially 
dairy cows, are not in any way superior 
to the common run of stock, made up 
of every conflicting breed influence 
possible; and that breeding closely along 
lines of similar excellences, is no more 
likely to result in a higher type of per¬ 
formance, whether of milk or beef ac¬ 
cording to respective breeds. A choice 
argument with them is that feed makes 
the breed, but they fail to show where 
they have ever fed a brindle steer into 
a stock show champion, a common cow 
into a 700-pound butter cow, or a speck¬ 
led cow into giving 18,000 pounds of 
milk a year, or fed a cross-bred chunk 
of a colt into an 1800-pound draft Per- 
cheron. Another clung-to belief is that 
cross-breeding gives us better animals, 
and makes desirable traits more fixed 
and stamps prepotency more enduringly 
upon future generations, the contrary 
and a belief quite general is that highly 
bred cows are of precarious health, 
are tender, short-lived, and all this* 
when the very facts dispute it, for only 
cows of strong vital powers, and per¬ 
fect organisism could go through year 
after year giving the amounts of milk 
- and fats that they do, and each year, 
mothering strong, lusty calves. It is be- 
. cause these cows have finely wrought 
systems, strong nerve power, and re¬ 
markable digestive apparatus, that they 
are enabled to do this. Belief contrary 
to this is based on prejudice, similar to 
the assertion that abortion, tuberculosis, 
hollow horn, and wolf in the tail, are 
all confined to purebred dairies. 
Another country-wide notion that has 
retarded progress in the higher de¬ 
velopment of our stock, and shared in 
this time by many professed freeders, 
is that crossing close relatives is to not 
only run out the breed but produce 
weaklings as a rule and the proof that 
such is the case is as absent as to show 
that the earth has four corners. Nature 
has no other way of breeding, and now 
and then a deformed specimen is noth¬ 
ing, when 10,000 other examples show 
to the contrary, a thing quite as com¬ 
mon to find in common stock, as the 
pure or line breeds. “Look at the royal 
families of Europe, where cousins are 
all the time marrying,” says some one. 
That’s an exhibition of cross-bred vices, 
against morality and does not dispute 
the fact but that the royals themselves 
in physique are not the equals of any 
family, and show no more weaklings. 
This getting a new sire every year 
to head our herds, has held back 
an excellence of breeding, that might 
otherwise have added millions to the 
worth of our stock. No breed ca;n 
maintain its standing, and advance in 
merit that does not to some extent prac¬ 
tice the close breeding of relatives, pre¬ 
ferably breeding back to the sire, to con¬ 
centrate influence, possibly better ex¬ 
pressed as prepotency, doubling the pow¬ 
er to transmit quality, instead of halving 
it with an outside cross. 
There is an avowed belief quite preva¬ 
lent that the storing of food in silos is 
against nature; that it is fermented 
food, it quickly destroys the stomach 
of a cow, makes bad and unhealthy 
milk, and is the paramount cause of 
abortion in dairies, and the like, and 
all this after the general use of the 
silo for 25 years, and rapid building of 
new ones in every direction. This shows 
that these objectors have made no in¬ 
vestigation of the silo and its effects 
upon stock, good or bad, and are not 
taking the proofs that come from every 
direction from all classes of feeders as 
to its wholesome character, its cheapen¬ 
ing of the ration, and its actual ex¬ 
tending of the Summer for another 150 
days. This same class of men object to 
feeding silage in the Summer as fer¬ 
mented food would not agree with the 
digestion, failing to note the facts that 
are coming in from every direction, 
that it is the Summer pasture—as 
found—that should be objected to, on 
account of its feast and famine rations, 
its great cost in capital stock invest¬ 
ment, and its demanded donations in 
supplemental foods from July to No¬ 
vember. 
Perhaps as strange a prejudice as any, 
and disproven by scores of examples 
about them, is the objection that has 
grown into an inherited belief almost; 
that association among farmers for 
mutual protection and benefit, would 
prove disastrous to them individually 
and so continue to go up alone, against 
all sorts of combines from corporations 
to “gentlemen’s agreements.” These 
commercial combines are continued be¬ 
cause they prove of financial benefit to 
those concerned, prevent rate cutting, 
competition, and congestion of business, 
and have their understanding as to 
prices, buying or selling. Why should 
not the farmers stay by each other, and 
transact their commercial affairs by a 
mutual understanding, and not be held 
up, both going and coming? Each day 
the man in the country is being closer 
hedged about by combines. It looks as 
if a little stronger communal organiza¬ 
tion, associated selling and buying, and 
cutting loose from politicians generally, 
and concerted action at the polls, would 
be a far better plan, than the now pres¬ 
ent way of individual action, which in 
fact has resulted in the farmer’s 35 cent 
dollar. There is only one way to get the 
other 40 cents our due, communal get¬ 
ting together, and once there, staying to¬ 
gether. JOHN GOULD. 
Ohio. 
Apoplexy. 
My calf, 27 days old, was found lying 
down upon its side and breathing hard; 
could not get up; was not able to stand 
when raised. Calf was all right four hours 
previous. Calf was fat; was dead next 
morning. We gave calf as drench soda 
and painkiller, but no relief; was never 
pick before. Can you give me cause of 
death, also remedy for others if such should 
case arise? j. n. 
Nevada. 
The calf died of apoplexy brought on by 
overfeeding and lack of exercise. Instant 
bleeding, application of ice packs to the 
head and a physic possibly might have 
saved the animal; but usually such attacks 
prove promptly fatal. a. s. a. 
Warts. 
What can I use to remove bunches from 
lower jaw of a yearling oalf? There are 
five or six , some as large as a hen’s egg 
under jaw and throat. They are loose and not 
attached to jaw, and are a little soft. 
Pennsylvania. g. e. if. 
Tie a fine cord tightly around base of each 
wart and they soon will drop off; or they 
may be twisted off at once and the bleeding 
stopped by application of a hot iron, or 
Monsell’s solution or powder. a. s. a. 
LOW-PRICED A | JTAC 
HIGH-GRADE A U 1 Uj 
Used car9 rebuilt and guaranteed by manu¬ 
facturer sameasnewcars. Bestfor rural roads. 
A high-grade high-powered car for very little 
money. Postal brings full information. 
Stoddard Motor Co., 229 W. 57th St., New York 
—99 %o % Pure— 
American Ingot Iron Roofing 
Guaranteed For 30 Years 
Without Painting 
The Only Guaranteed Metal Roofing: ever put on the 
market. Samples free. Write for a free book showing 
remarkable tests. A way out of your roof troubles. 
THE AMERICAN IROH ROOFING CO,, Dept. 0, ELYRIA, OHIO 
Monarch 
Hydraulic 
Cider Press 
Net owners 25$ to 100$ 
on investment per year 
Ask for Free Cat¬ 
alog and “Good 
Tip” booklet tell¬ 
ing how. 
Monarch Machinery Co., 609 Hudson Terminal, New York. 
STAR 
WHEELBARROW 
SEEDER 
SAVES 
TIME 
LABOR 
and 
SEED 
T HIS is a high grade tool for the high grade farmer. 
Sow your grass seed when you’re ready. Nevermind 
the wind. Satisfaction guaranteed or your money back. 
If your dealer does not handle the STAR, write to 
STAR SEEDER CO.. Box R. Shortsville, fi.Y. 
DJSc TOOV-S 
MAKE EVERY ACRE YIELD THE MOST 
because of their intense cultivation, which is always profitable, but doubly s® 
with “Cutaways,” because it is doubly intense. The notches make the discs enter 
the ground in such a manner as to cut and twist it about until it is thoroughly pul¬ 
verized. If you will watch a Clark “ Cutaway” work you will see that this state¬ 
ment is absolutely true. 
CLARK’S REVERSIBLE DOUBLE LEVER “CUTAWAY” HARROW 
is shown in the above illustration. It is a tool every farmer needs, because it in¬ 
creases crops. Its draft is light; it is easy to handle, and perfectly balanced. The 
discs are of extra quality cutlery steel—forged, not rolled and ground. All wooden 
parts are given two coats of paint and one of varnish. These things merely indi¬ 
cate the Clark quality not found in other makes. Don’t buy any disc implement 
until you have seen a Clark. Write today for free book, “intensive Cultivation.” 
Clark’s is the original Cutaway. All others merely Imitate. 
Cutaway Harrow Co.,839 Main St., Ui^anum, Conn. 
When properly pulverized and evenly distributed over the 
ground, manure is the best and most economical fertilizer 
that can be used. The additional crops produced will 
ordinarily more than pay for the spreader each year it is used. Besides much labor is saved. 
VALUE of MANURES 
SUCCESS MANURE SPREADER 
_ . i gri 
rough; large and heavyloads are usually hauled. 
Success spreaders are built to withstand 
severest tests. Firmly mortised, trussed and 
bolted frame, is made of second growth ash. 
the Success reduce the draft at least one horse 
and add years of life. They insure all shafts 
running in line and retaining oil. 
Success Spreaders are the lightest 
draft spreaders on the market. 
Cold rolled steel axles are large in diameter. 
Steel wheels, made to withstand ammonia in 
manure, are almost universally used. Wood 
wheels furnished when specially ordered. 
Roller Bearings 
Seven complete sets of roller bearings on 
Beater Starts Free 
Throwing machine in gear slides beater 
back out of load. When the machine starts, 
the beater is free. It is revolving when 
load comes in contact with it. Thus strain 
is off the beater as well as the pull necessary 
to start the load greatly reduced. 
Get This Book. Be sure to ask us for a copy of our new book, “Better Farm Implements and 
How to Use Them,” if you do not already have one. Answers every question concerning the most 
complete line of farm implements. To get our latest Spreader Book, ask for package No. S33. 
JOHN DEERE PLOW COMPANY, MOLINE, ILLINOIS 
Get ALL the Wool 
that should be taken off your sheep, and take it off evenly, 
easily and quickly with t his 
Stewart No. 9 Ball Bearing 
SHEARING MACHINE 
It is fitted with ball bearings throughout; the shearing head, too, is ballbear¬ 
ing. Gears are all cut from solid steel and made file hard, run in oil, turn 
easy and are enclosed safe from dust and dirt. Has A sets fjj 1 1 EjA 
of knives. Price, complete, at your dealer’s, only.. . VJ 
See your dealer; if he hasn’t it, send $2.00 and we will ship c.o.d. for balance. 
CHICAGO FLEXIBLE SHAFT CO. 
143 La Salle Avenue. CHICAGO 
Send lor FREE treatise on “How to' Shear Sheep,” and large catalog 
showing the world's most complete and modem line o£ clipping and shear¬ 
ing machines. Send TO DAY. 
Fix Your Barn Lip Right 
STAR Stalls and Stanchions save enough in 
time and labor alone to pay their whole cost. 
Improve appearance 100 per cent. 
Star Stalls and Stanchions 
Line up all cows even to the drop, whether they are long 
or short The only unit system stall made. This alone In¬ 
creases Its value over all others and reduces expense. 
FREE PLANS simply send us rough sketch of your 
-. barn layout—we will send detail plans 
and estimates of how you can equip your barn with Star Stalls 
and Stanohions —also full particulars of complete barn equip¬ 
ment catalog—free on request. Write us today. Address 
HUNT-HELM-FERRIS&CO., "3893 Hunt St., HARVARD, ILL, 
/■As Low as $10< 
And any boy can operate it and earn the price of 
this saw in two days easily by contracting to 
saw lumber, firewood, lath, fences, posts, etc., 
for neighbors. 
Saw 
$10 
HerSzIer & Zook 
Portable Wood 
is positively cheapest and best. Guaranteed 1 
_ year. Our $10,000 bond protects you. 
■turn Strictly factory prices—you save job¬ 
bers’ profits. Stick sits low—saw 
draws it on immediately machine 
‘ starts—ensuring ease of opera¬ 
tion. Only $10 saw to which 
ripping table can be 
added. Money refunded 
and freight paid both ways 
if unsatisfactory. Write for 
catalogue. 
HERTZLER & ZOOK CO. 
Box 3, Belleville. Pa. 
I prevent damage to eggs, garden truck, fruits, live stock j 
Ion road to market. Make any wagon a spring wagon. Soon! 
I save cost—produce brings bigger prices—wagon lasts I 
|)onger—horses benefited—thousands in use—“my wagon | 
rides like auto” says one. Get a pair at dealers. 
If not at dealer’s write us. Insist on Harvey’s. 
40 sizes—fit any wagon—sustain any load to 
10,000 lbs. Catalog and fistful of proofs free. 
HARVEY SPRING CO.. 71617th St., Racine, Wis. 
GUARANTEED 
FOUR TOOLS IN ONE 
A Drill Seeder, a Hill Seeder, a Double 
Wheel Hoe and a Single Wheel Hoe are 
all combined in Iron Age, our No. 6. It 
drill, accurately any thickness desired. 
Shut-off on handle, brush agitator in hopper. 
Changeable instantly from Drill to Hill 
Seeder or reverse. Drops 4 to 24 inches, 
as desired. Changed to Wheel Hoe in 
three minutes. Is but one of complete line 
that fits the needs and purse of every 
gardener. Can be purchased in simplest 
form and added to as different attachments 
are needed. It does perfectly all work 
after breaking up of garden. You should 
see this tool. Ask your dealer to show it. 
Write us for special booklets. 
Complete line of farm,' 
garden and otchara loo It. 
BATEMAN M’F’G CO. 
Box1022 GRENLOCH, N. J. 
niTrilTO that PAY. $378,140 made by clients. 
I fl I r N | A Instructive 112-p. Guide Book Free ! 
1 ** 1 w FREE report as to patentability. 
B. E. VROOMAN, Pat. Atty., 838 F St., Wash., D.C. 
IT YOUR IDEAS 
$8,500 offered for one invention. 
w Book‘‘How to Obtain a Patent" and 
"What to Invent” sent free. Send rough 
sketch for free report as to patentability. 
Patents advertised for sale at our ex¬ 
pense in Manufacturers. Journals. 
Patent Obtained or Fee Returned 
CHANDLEE & CHANDLEE, Patent Att’ys 
Established 16 Years 
9 <n P. Street, Washington, _ 
