1912. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
4«1 
A REAL FARMER’S GARDEN. 
Part II. 
About August 1, with the seeder, and 
between every other row of onions, are 
sown as an intercrop 14 rows of Purple- 
top Strap-leaf turnip seed. These some¬ 
times yield 100 bushels stock feed for 
the two cows. As soon as berries are 
picked the old and new superfluous 
canes are cut out and burned; also other 
refuse is burned, from time to time, to 
prevent the harboring of disease and 
insects as a menace to future corps. 
Insects, Disease and Treatment.— 
Gypsum (common land plaster), air- 
slaked lime or ashes sifted onto pump¬ 
kin, squash, melon and cucumber vines 
while dew is on, is objectionable to the 
hungry striped cucumber bettles. But 
when these, currant worms, potato 
beetles and larvae, etc., get too numer¬ 
ous, deadly poisons should be adminis¬ 
tered promptly. Probably Paris green 
in connection with Bordeaux mixture 
is the quickest and most fatal remedy, 
but arsenate of lead is more safe to use, 
especially on tender plants. A good 
four-gallon compressed air knapsack 
sprayer is an excellent asset for fairly 
large gardens. For small areas the tin 
gun will be heavy enough artillery. A 
good application of well-poisoned Bor¬ 
deaux will appease the insatiable appe¬ 
tite of most of the garden insects. How¬ 
ever, this does not appear to apply to 
that aristocratic gentleman, the stink 
bug. Daily hand-picking only seem to 
be effectual. 
Mature pumpkins and Hubbard squash 
keep in excellent condition, until the 
following April, if placed on top of a 
dry, warm pantry or shelf. Strawber¬ 
ries are mulched in December with 
coarse manure which in Spring is taken 
to cane fruit area. 
Grape Trellis. —The trellis consists 
of 11-foot cedar posts, 7 l / 2 feet out of 
the ground, \6 l / 2 feet apart, well set and 
braced. Each post has a 2x4 inch by 
four-foot White oak cross arm, mor¬ 
tised, bolted and braced to top end of 
each post. Near upper edge of cross 
arms, one foot apart, are four holes, 
through which pass as many wires. At 
three-foot intervals are cross wires, 
which keep vines on top of trellis. Also 
on posts, four and five feet above the 
ground, are two more wires for grape 
vine canes. This cross-arm system costs 
more to erect than the plain, but it has 
nearly double the cane area, and vines 
can be planted closer. Canes are up 
out of the way, little tying up is neces¬ 
sary, picking is easy and the space un¬ 
derneath is open and unobstructed for 
working or intercropping. At each side 
of post are set a vine and trained up 
posts, with another vine set midway. 
Grapevines are pruned during March, 
with a cane for each wire. There are 
89 vines and 11 varieties. Worden and 
Campbell’s Early do the best. The Eng¬ 
lish sparrows destroy many grapes. 
Gooseberry Culture. —Grape vines 
furnish the shade which gooseberry 
authorities claim is favorable to goose¬ 
berry culture and infavorable to its 
greatest enemy, the mildew. While 
shade may check the mildew, the quality 
of the fruit is not so sweet as when 
grown in the open sunlight. The Chau¬ 
tauqua, Columbus and Red Jacket 
gooseberries have given the best satis¬ 
faction of the seven varieties tested. As 
to merit in quality, size and quantity 
they behaved in the order mentioned. 
The first two are large, green, high 
quality berries, with an occasional fruit 
an inch in diameter and 1J4 inches long. 
They are a valuable and profitable fruit, 
also hardy, productive and easy to 
grow; cuttings readily take root. The 
three enemies are mildew, currant 
worms, and the abundant thorns. One 
ounce potassium sulphide to two gallons 
of water, applied several times, is said 
to control the mildew. For the goose¬ 
berry trellis the only additional expense 
was the cost of a double wire up one 
side of grape posts and down the other 
side, stapled 18 inches above ground, 
with the gooseberry canes held between 
the wires. 
Cane Fruits. —These are blackber¬ 
ries, Columbian and Cuthbert raspberry 
and Perfection currant. The Columbian 
is a purple raspberry and said to be a 
cross between the red and blackcap 
raspberry. It is non-suckering, is hardy, 
valuable and the best yielding berry 
tested to date. The Cuthbert is a red 
raspberry, firm and excellent. The Per¬ 
fection currant is a new and valuable 
variety, large red, vigorous and a pro¬ 
lific bearer, and the best one of half a 
dozen kinds tested. About a dozen 
others varieties of black and red raspber¬ 
ries have been tried, but failed on one or 
more substantial points, and conse¬ 
quently they were consigned to the rub¬ 
bish heap. The Rathbun blackberry 
proved to be a first-class humbug. Also 
many other kinds of vegetables, plants, 
vines, bushes, fruits and trees have been 
tested and later went- the same road, to 
the scrap heap, to our sorrow and ex¬ 
pense. Yet they were often boomed by 
glowing descriptions and illustrations, 
with correspondingly fancy prices. Some 
of course were not adapted to the con¬ 
ditions. Yet it pays to experiment in a 
small way with new sorts. Climate, 
elevation, soil, latitude and local con¬ 
ditions all, more or less, enter into the 
success or failure. 
Cane Fruit Support. —The canes are 
supported by a line of posts, with three 
double wires, spaced, for the berries, 
and two double wires for the currants. 
The end posts are set six feet deep. 
The bulk of canes grow up between the 
wires, which hold them in a narrow, 
compact, tidy row which facilitates the 
cultivation and picking. Fruit is always 
clean. No stakes to drive down, rot off 
or canes to tie up. Both the grape 
trellis and cane fruit support work sort 
of automatically and have been in ser¬ 
vice over 10 years. They are simple 
and inexpensive. Somehow the men 
who do the cultivating and hoeing come 
out of the patch with “the smile on that 
won’t come off.” 
While our garden was planted pri¬ 
marily for supplying the house with 
bushels of fresh, choice, early, medium 
and late varieties of vegetables, straw¬ 
berries, currants, berries, gooseberries, 
grapes, cherries, fruits and flowers, for 
Summer and Winter use, and some to 
give away, it has accomplished this and 
more. In addition to the above, it has 
produced about 300 bushels of mangels, 
turnips, beets and carrots as stock feed, 
with actual sales amounting, in 1908, 
to $70.20, as an inducement to perpe¬ 
tuate and improve the same. 
T. e. martin. 
Foreign Potato Seed.— The United 
States Department of Agriculture issues a 
warning against using imported foreign 
potatoes for seed. These potatoes are too 
late for most Americans to plant, and 
“Europe has several potato diseases not 
now known to exist in this country, which, 
i"f introduced, might be the means of 
greatly reducing our annual yield of po¬ 
tatoes. Should these diseases become pre¬ 
valent throughout the United States, the 
cost of producing future crops might be 
very greatly increased.” 
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FINDLAY. OHIO 
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387 State Street, 
ROCHESTER, N. Y. 
